Anim 211 Lecture One Dec 2024 PDF

ANIM 211: INTROD. TO MONO. PROD. SECTION B: SWINE PRODUCTION LECTURE ONE: DEC 09, 2024 1 WELCOME TO SWINE PRODUCTION Norms of engagement Mode of lectures – mixed Sakai issues Taking of notes Views of students about pigs...

ANIM 211: INTROD. TO MONO. PROD. SECTION B: SWINE PRODUCTION LECTURE ONE: DEC 09, 2024 1 WELCOME TO SWINE PRODUCTION Norms of engagement Mode of lectures – mixed Sakai issues Taking of notes Views of students about pigs 2 SWINE PRODUCTION 3  MODE OF DELIVERY Lecture Student activity 4  OBJECTIVES OF LECTURE State some xtics of the Suidae family. State PECULIAR impt’ce of pigs to man. DISCARD prejudices about pigs. 12/9/2024 5 SOW AND ITS LITTER 6  INTRO TO PIG PRODN The most unjustly treated farm animal. – Cleanest farm animal. Among the best income generators bse:…. – Short gestation length. – Litter bearing. – Fast growth rate. – High dressing percentage. Best source of high quality protein. 7  DRESSING PERCENTAGE 70 70 55 60 50 50 40 30 20 10 0 Cattle Pigs Sheep/Goats 8 TERMINOLOGY 9 Swine: Synonym for pigs. Boar: Matured male pig. Sow: Matured female pig. Gilt: Young female pig. Piglet: Juvenile pig. Barrow: Castrated before sexual maturity. 10 Stag: Male pig castrated after maturity or at end of its productive life. Hog: Pig specially raised for slaughter Oestrous: Cycle of oestrous every 21 days. Oestrus: Period of sexual receptivity in females. 11 Gestation: Period from conception to birth. Mean = 111 days (333) Range = 112-115 days. Farrowing: The act of giving birth in pigs. Litter: Piglets farrowed by one sow at a time. Runt: Unusually small and weak piglet. In-pig: Being pregnant. 12 PAUSE FOR COMMENTS Trending news? 13  ORIGIN OF PIGS Domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) –Wild boar (S. scrofa) from Europe. –Pig DNA showed that: Pigs moved from Middle East to Europe and then to Africa. 14  SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Suidae Genus: Sus Species: Sus scrofa domesticus 15 PHYSICAL X’TICS OF SUIDAE Are ungulates (Hoofed animals) 16 Google image PHYSICAL X’TICS OF SUIDAE Have barrel shaped bodies 17 Google image PHYSICAL X’TICS OF SUIDAE Have barrel shaped bodies Mature body weighs 35 – 350kg – 450kg in some breeds 18 WORLD PIG PRODUCTION 19 TOP 10 WORLD PIG PRODUCERS Country 2023 Rank China 434.2 1 EU 133.6 2 US 75.8 3 Brazil 33.1 4 Russia 27.5 5 Canada 13.8 6 Mexico 12.7 7 South Korea 11.1 8 Japan 9.0 9 Ukraine 5.1 10 20  GLOBAL PIG DEMOGRAPHICS 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 4% 4% China EU US 10% Brazil Russia Canada 57% Mexico South Korea 18% Japan (FAO statistics) 21 TOP 5 AFRICAN PIG PRODUCERS Country 2023 Rank Nigeria 8092066 1 Burkina 2693443 2 Togo 1139962 3 Ghana 881909 4 Cote D 430683 5 22 AFRICAN PIG DEMOGRAPHICS 3% 0% 7% 9% 20% 61% Country Nigeria Burkina Togo Ghana Cote D 23 (FAO/OiE, 2024)  PAUSE FOR COMMENTS There is more to it in life than…… Be guided by CONSCIENCE Live in HARMONY with Man and Environment 24 IMPORTANCE OF SWINE TO MAN Benefits of pork include: –High conc. of nutrients –Relatively low calories »Surpassed only by chicken –85g beef = 228 calories –85g pork = 206 calories –Excellent source of: High quality protein Vitamin B complex Essential amino acids –Better balance of amino acids  PAUSE FOR COMMENTS Honesty…………… Be an educated person……… 27  Biomedical research – Physiology and anatomy similar to man Model for human diseases: –Heart transplants –Digestive studies –Dental studies, etc. Industrial uses –Hooves for glue. –Skin for leather. –Bone for bone meal. –Hair for brushes.  LECTURE REVIEW What am I taking home ???  ANNOUNCEMENT Lecture two will be via PowerPoint show on SAKAI Please note that it is an old recording  LECTURE REVIEW Thank you……