SW104 Report Compilation PDF

Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 MODELS OF POLICY MAKING...

Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 MODELS OF POLICY MAKING MIXED SCANNING MODEL Cheska M. Nuñeza & Jasmin Bernaded S. Rationalism ModelMaharail  Is a policymaking approach that combines elements of rational- RATIONALISM comprehensive decision-making and  Rational model is a model where policy incrementalism. It suggests that makers use facts and information, policymakers should use a combination analysis, and a steo-by-step procedure to of both approaches, depending on come to a decision. complexity and importance of the issue at  The rational model of is a more advance hand. type of decision-making model.  “It chooses the best solution.” The models of policymaking offer valuable insights for social workers seeking BOUNDED RATIONALISM MODEL to understand and influence the development  Bounded rational model is a model where of social welfare policies. By applying these policy makers have limited time, models to their work, social workers can information, and cognitive resources to contribute to the creation of effective and make decision. equitable policies that address the needs of vulnerable populations.  Attempts to satisfice rather than optimize.  “Good enough.” STAGES AND STEPS OF GENERIC INCREMENTALISM MODEL POLICY FORMULATION  Is a decision-making approach that Cherie Mae S. Sabaitan & Ivy N. Taripe involves making small gradual changes to policy or actions rather than trying to STAGES AND STEPS OF GENERIC implement a broad, sweeping solution all POLICY FORMULATION at once.  One of the key characteristics of incrementation is that the process is not completely rational.  Incrementalism promotes agreements and reduces pointless conflicts.  One potential drawback of incrementalism is that it can be difficult to make progress on long-term goals when the focus is always on short-term gains. JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION UNDERSTANDING THE POLICY Identifying societal problems, LANDSCAPE publicizing the problems, expressing o What problem is the policy addressing? demands for government action. o What are the Policy’s specific objectives? o Who are the target beneficiaries of the AGENDA SETTING policy? Deciding issues and problems and their o What are the policy’s key provision and alternatives to be addressed by the requirements? government. o What are the potential challenges and barriers to implementations? POLICY FORMULATION Developing policy proposals to resolve DESIGNING EFFECTIVE PROGRAM issues and ameliorate problems. o Identifying key programs components:  Defining the target population, POLICY LEGITIMATION program activities, and expected Selecting a proposal, developing political outcomes. support for it, and enacting it into law. o Developing a program logic model:  This visual representation outlines the POLICY IMPLEMENTATION program’s input, activities, outputs, To carry a policy into effect. outcomes, and impacts. o Establishing program management POLICY EVALUATION structures: Reporting outputs of government  Defining roles and responsibilities, programs, evaluating impacts of policies setting performance targets, and on target groups, and proposing changes developing monitoring and and reforms. evaluation plans. o Securing necessary resources:  Identifying funding resources, CONVERTING POLICIES INT acquiring equipment and materials, PROGRAMS AND SERVICES and recruiting qualified staff. Nyra Pauline B. Bacalso & Nashedah B. Langco CONVERTING POLICIES INTO PROGRAMS AND SERVICES: A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE  Policy Analysis  Program Design  Service Delivery  Ongoing Evaluation JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 DELIVERING HIGH-QUALITY CONCLUSION SERVICES Converting policies into programs o Establishing service delivery channels: and services is a complex process that  Include direct service provision, requires careful planning, effective design, partnerships with community and ongoing evaluation. By following the organizations, or online platforms. steps outlined above, organizations can o Developing service protocols: effectively translate policy goals into tangible  Ensures consistent and high-quality benefits for individuals and communities. service delivery across all channels. This process ensures that policies are not o Training staff: simply abstract statements but are translated  Ensures that staff have the necessary into real-world action that improves lives. skills and knowledge to provide effective services. POLICY ADVOCACY o Monitoring service delivery:  Involves tracking program activities, Apple Jean A. Caminero & Sharmae E. Dela Peña collecting data on service utilization, and identifying areas for improvement. POLICY ADVOCACY Definition Describes efforts to change policies to EVALUATING PROGRAM gain greater resources and opportunities for EFFECTIVENESS powerless, disadvantaged and oppressed groups. o Defining evaluation criteria:  Includes identifying key indicators of Policy advocacy plays a vital role in program success and setting social work, as it allows professionals to measurable targets. address systemic issues and effect o Collecting and analyzing data: meaningful change, such as facilitating  Involves gathering information on equitable access to opportunities, services, program activities, service utilization, and resources (Saxena & Chandrapal, 2022) and outcomes. o Reporting on program performance: SOCIAL WORK POLICY ADVOCACY  Involves communicating evaluation CAN OCCUR AT DIFFERENT LEVELS: findings to stakeholders and identifying areas for improvement. MACRO ADVOCACY o Adapting programs based on Macro advocacy takes place on a evaluation results: larger scale and seeks to create significant  Involves making adjustments to change. program activities, service delivery MEZZO ADVOCACY methods, or target populations to Mezzo policy advocacy occurs at the enhance effectiveness. organizational or community level. JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104  MICRO ADVOCACY  Wives Micro policy advocacy focuses on  Former Wives individual-level advocacy for clients.  Women with whom the offender has or had sexualor dating relationship ____________________________________  Women with whom the offender has a common child NATIONAL AND LOCAL POLICIES,  Children of the women, whether PROGRAMS AND SERVICES FOR legitimate or illegitimate DIFFERENT POOR, MARGINALIZED AND TYPES OF VIOLENCE PUNISHABLE VULNERABLE SECTORS UNDER THIS LAW  Physical violence This are acts that can cause bodily harm to the WOMEN victim. It includes, but is not limited to: Mary Joy A. Fabian & Zsanynn Rose B. Balagosa Hitting Slapping, and REPUBLIC ACT 9262: ANTI- Other forms of Physical Assault VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND THEIR CHILDREN ACT OF 2004  SEXUAL VIOLENCE “An act defining violence against This are acts that are sexual in nature. It women and their children, providing for includes, but is not limited to: protective measures for victims, prescribing Rape penalties therefore, and for other purposes” Sexual Harassment Acts of Lasciviousness Treating a woman or her child as a sex WHAT IS R.A 9262? object Making demeaning and sexually The Anti-Violence Against Women suggestive remarks and Their Children Act of 2004, also known Physically attacking the sexual parts as Republic Act No. 9262, is a landmark of the victim's body legislation in the Philippines designed to Forcing her/him to watch obscene protect women and children from various publications and indecent shows or forms of violence. This law addresses both forcing the woman or her child to do physical and psychological abuse, economic indecent acts and/or make films exploitation, and other forms of maltreatment thereof within the family context. Forcing the wife and mistress/lover to live in the conjugal home or sleep together in the same room with the WHO IS PROTECTED UNDER R.A abuser 9262? The law protects the following individuals: JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 Acts causing or attempting to cause Controlling the victims' own money or the victim to engage in any sexual properties or solely controlling the activity by force or threat of force conjugal money or properties. Prostituting the woman or child. LEGAL REMEDIES AND  Psychological violence PROTECTIONS This are acts that are sexual in nature. It includes, but is not limited to: 1. Protection Orders Intimidation a) Barangay Protection Order (BPO) Harassment b) Temporary Protection Order (TPO) Stalking c) Permanent Protection Order (PPO) Damage to Property Public Ridicule or Humiliation 2. Mandatory Programs and Services for Repeated Verbal Abuse and Mental Victims Infidelity a) Temporary shelters It includes causing or allowing the b) Provide counseling victim to witness the physical, sexual c) Psycho-social services and /or, recovery or psychological abuse of a member d) Rehabilitation programs of the family to which the victim e) Livelihood assistance belongs, or to witness pornography in f) The DOH shall provide medical any form or to witness abusive injury assistance to victims to pets or to unlawful or unwanted deprivation of the right to custody 3. Penalties for Offenders and/or visitation of common children. Violators of R.A 9262 face severe penalties, including imprisonment, fines, and  Economic abuse mandatory psychological counseling. The This are acts that make or attempt to make a severity of the punishment is determined by woman financially dependent which includes, the nature and extent of the abuse. but is not limited to the following: Withdrawal of financial support or preventing the victim from engaging CHILDREN in any legitimate profession, Antonia S. Julsali & Crystal May Sultan occupation, business or activity. Deprivation or threat of deprivation of financial resources and the right to DEFINITION OF TERMS: the use and enjoyment of the CHILD conjugal, community or property FORM OF ABUSE owned in common. EXPLOITATION Destroying household property DISCRIMINATION PENALTIES JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 REPUBLIC ACT. NO. 7610 PROTECTION AGAINST EXPLOITATION “Special Protection of Children Against Abuse, Exploitation, and Discrimination  Child prostitution: Engaging a child in Act” sexual activity for profit.  Child trafficking: The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or RA 7610 is a comprehensive law receipt of children through force, fraud or designed to protect children from various deception for the purpose of exploitation. forms of harm. It provides specific  Obscene publications and indecent definitions, protection measures, and shows: Involving a child in the creation or penalties for individuals and entities involved performance of sexually explicit in child abuse, exploitation, and materials or acts. discrimination. PROTECTION AGAINST WHO IS SPECIFICALLY PROTECTED DISCRIMINATION UNDER REPUBLIC ACT 7610  Prohibits discrimination against children based on their age, gender, race, religion,  Persons below 18 years of age or other factors.  Persons over 18 who are unable to care for themselves PENALTIES PROTECTION AGAINST ABUSE RA 7610 imposes severe penalties on  Physical abuse: Inflicting physical pain individuals and entities found guilty of or injury upon a child. violating its provisions. The specific  Psychological abuse: Inflicting mental or penalties depend on the nature and severity of emotional pain or injury upon a child. the offense.  Sexual abuse: Engaging in sexual activity with a child or forcing a child to engage in sexual activity. GENERAL PENALTIES  Neglect: Failure to provide for a child's  Imprisonment basic needs, such as food, shelter,  Fines clothing, or medical care.  Cruelty: Inflicting unnecessary suffering ADDITIONAL PENALTIES or pain upon a child.  Civil liability  Disqualifications JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 SPECIFIC PENALTIES receive the necessary care, education, and  Child Prostitution: protection.  Child Trafficking:  Obscene Publications and Indecent COMMUNITY-BASED PROGRAMS Shows: For abused children focus on  Physical Abuse, Psychological Abuse, providing support and resources within the Sexual Abuse, Neglect, and Cruelty: local community to ensure children receive comprehensive care. PROGRAMS / SERVICES CSPC (COMMITTEE FOR THE SPECIAL OF CHILLDREN) PROTECTION SENIOR CITIZEN The CSPC is hereby strengthened and reorganized to effectively function as the Cindy G. Democrito & Caryl Mae M. Obejero body principally responsible for coordinating and monitoring the investigation and SENIOR CITIZEN prosecution of cases involving violations of The term “Senior Citizen” refers to R.A. No. 7610 and other child-related people between sixty and above, those sixty criminal laws. to eighty being considered “young old” and those who are eighty and above considered as CPN (CHILD PROTECTION NETWORK) the “older old”. (According to UN) It is a non-government organization Old age is the range of ages for with expertise on the prevention and persons nearing and surpassing life treatment of child abuse. CPN’s work centers expectancy. People of old age are also on increasing the accessibility of services for referred to as: old people, elderly, elders, abused children in the Philippines. seniors, senior citizens, or older adults. DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE STATISTICS AND DEVELOPMENT In 2020, Filipinos 60 years of age and The DSWD is the primary older comprised 8.5 percent of the government agency responsible for child population, or 9.2 million. That year saw the protection and welfare. doubling of the country’s aging citizens’ numbers from 2000, when they represented OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES just 5.9 percent of the national population at NGOS (NON-GOVERNMENT 4.5 million. (Philippines new agency ORGANIZATIONS) government) It plays a vital role in providing support and services to children and families, REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9994, (February 15, advocating for child protection, and raising 2010)- “Expanded Senior Citizen Act of awareness about child abuse, exploitation, 2010” and discrimination. Ensuring that they An act granting additional benefits and privileges to senior citizen, further JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 amending Republic Act No. 7432, as elderly and ensure their basic needs are amended, otherwise known as “an act to met. maximize the contribution of senior citizens  Discounts: Senior citizens with valid IDs to national building, grant benefits and are entitled to a 20% discount on basic special privileges and for other purposes”. necessities, medicine, transportation, and Social welfare legislation intended to recreation. This discount helps reduce the benefit our Filipino elderly and provide them financial burden on seniors and makes additional privileges. essential goods and services more accessible. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10911 (July 21,  Tax Exemptions: Senior citizens enjoy 2016) - “ANTI-AGE DISCRIMINATION exemptions from Value Added Tax (VAT) ACT OF 2016” on goods and services. Additionally, An act prohibiting discrimination certain retirees are eligible for income tax against any individual in employment on exemption, providing further financial account of age and providing penalties relief. therefore.  PhilHealth Coverage: All senior citizens, regardless of income level, are CLIENT CONSIDER AS SENIOR entitled to health insurance benefits CITIZEN provided by PhilHealth. This coverage ensures that seniors have access to Filipino citizens who are 60 years of Age necessary medical services and Poor Senior Citizens who are deprived treatments. and lack of essentials for minimum  Free Medical Services: Government standard of well-being living, hospitals and clinics offer free Senior citizens who are victims of natural consultations and basic medical services and man-made disasters, to senior citizens. This ensures that Senior Citizens who are abandoned, seniors can receive the healthcare they neglected, need without financial constraints. Victims of Physical, sexual, verbal and  Priority Services: Senior citizens are economic abuse, granted skip-the-line privileges at Frail/Demented/Disabled senior citizens, government offices, banks, and public Senior Citizens in residential centers, transportation. This priority service temporary shelters. recognizes the contributions and needs of older Filipinos. PROGRAMS AND SERVICES FOR  Home for the Elderly/Aged: Homes for SENIOR CITIZEN the elderly/aged in the Philippines are  Social Pension: The Department of facilities that provide a supportive living Social Welfare and Development environment for senior citizens. These (DSWD) provides monthly cash grants to homes offer various services and indigent senior citizens. This program aims to alleviate poverty among the JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 amenities to cater to the needs of the A record of such an impairment; or elderly. Being regarded as having such an impairment. HANDICAP PWD / DAP Joshua Kyle M. Atim & Jhelcey M. Pantaleon A DISADVANTAGE for a given individual, resulting from an impairment or a PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES disability, that limits or prevents the function or activity, that’s considered normal given the The World Health Organization age and sex of the individual. describes persons with disabilities (PWDs) as “those suffering from restriction of different abilities as a result of a mental, physical, or sensory impairment, to perform an activity in TYPES OF PWDs the manner or within the range considered PHYSICALLY DISABLED: normal for a human being”  Visually impaired  Hearing impaired  Orthopedically disabled MARGINALIZED DISABLED  Other physical disabilities (cleft PERSONS palate, harelip which affects their Disabled persons who LACK speech) ACCESS to rehabilitative services and opportunities to be able to participate fully in MENTALLY DISABLED: socioeconomic activities and who have NO  Improved mental patients MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD.  Mentally retarded  Autistic  Attention deficit disorder IMPAIRMENT  Attention deficit hyperactive disorder Any LOSS, DIMINUTION, or ABERRATION of psychological, Republic Act 7277: Magna Carta for physiological, or anatomical structure or Disabled Persons function. An Act Providing for the DISABILITY Rehabilitation, Self-development and Self- A physical or mental impairment that reliance of Disabled Persons and their substantially limits one or more Integration into the Mainstream of Society psychological, physiological or anatomical functions of an individual or activities of such individual; JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 COMPREHENSIVE SCOPE OF  As a consequence of being displaced, REPUBLIC ACT 7277 civilians often:  Education Struggle to meet their needs  Employment Face particular threats  Accessibility The lack of access to official documents They may experience loss of CONCLUSION property and livelihood and R.A 7277 is a very significant law because it separation from family, raised awareness to the DAP that they also They may also face discrimination, have the same rights and privileges. This law human rights abuses, loss of dignity also is a tool in order to eradicate and hope discrimination among our PWDs. Social and emotional consequences INTERNALLY DISPLACED UNITED NATIONS HIGH PEOPLE (IDPs) COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES Jennider R. Manacpo & Khyle L. Sadagnot (UNHCR) INTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE is a global organization dedicated to saving lives, protecting rights and Referred to as IDPs, have been forced building a better future for people forced to flee their homes by conflict, violence, to flee their homes because of conflict persecution or disasters, however, they and persecution. remain within the borders of their own country. (UNHCR) UNHCR works in 136 countries and provide life-saving assistance, including shelter, food, water and medical care. STATISTICS  Globally, there are 68.3 million EARLY RECOVERY PROGRAM FOR internally displaced people. They CAMP COORDINATION AND CAMP account for the majority of the world's MANAGEMENT (CCCM) AND forcibly displaced population. INTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE  Around 113,000 people were living in Plays a vital role as a humanitarian internal displacement as a result of response transitions to the recovery of IDPs. conflict and violence in the Philippines at the end of 2023. JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 Objectives: KEY PROVISION OF R.A 8042 To provide temporary employment 1. Declaration of Policies: (Section 2) through the conduct of productive Prioritization of Migrant Workers’ activities and provision of livelihood Welfare assistance to IDPs while inside the Protection from Exploitation and evacuation cams in support to their Abuse early recovery. Promotion of Safe Migration 2. Illegal Recruitment: (Section 5 to 10) To provide necessary services to the Stringent Penalties IDPs not limited to basic needs but Anti-Illegal Recruitment Task other essential activities based on the Forces assessment of the CMT; and 3. Rights and Benefits of Migrant To ensure full participation of the Workers: (Section 23) IDPs in all activities inside Fair Wages and Benefits evacuation camps. Freedom from Discrimination Protection from Abuse and The Philippines has no laws relating Exploitation specifically to IDPs. Instead, legal guidelines for the State’s response in cases of displacement are based on REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10022 (JULY 27, the Philippine Disaster Risk 2009) Reduction and Management Act of An Act amending R.A. 8042, further 2010 (PDRRMA). improving the standard of protection and promotion of the welfare of migrant workers, MIGRANT WORKERS their families and overseas Filipinos in Jessabelle B. Mirasol & Jamsheera Sheeham Y. distress, and for other purposes. Sahdun REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8042: MIGRANT The amendments of R.A. 10022 WORKERS AND OVERSEAS FILIPINOS ACT OF 1995 1. Anti- Illegal Recruitment Measures “An Act to institute the policies of  Imposes stricter penalties overseas employment and establish a higher  Philippine Overseas Employment standard of protection and promotion of the Administration (POEA) shall provide welfare of migrant workers, their families comprehensive Pre- Employment and overseas Filipinos in distress, and for Orientation Seminars (PEOS). other purposes” JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 R.A. 8042 R.A. 10022 COMPULSARY INSURANCE (a) Any person found (a) Any person found COVERAGE FOR AGENCY-HIRED guilty of illegal guilty of illegal WORKERS (Section 23) recruitment shall recruitment shall suffer the penalty of suffer the penalty of - Mandates insurance coverage for all imprisonment of not imprisonment of not agency-hired OFWs, provided by less than six (6) years less than twelve (12) recruitment/ manning agencies at no cost and one (1) day but years and one (1) day not more than twenty but not more than to the worker. (12) years and a fine twenty (20) years and Coverage inludes: of not less than two a fine of not less than hundred thousand One million pesos a. Accidental death (P200,000.00) nor (P1,000,000.00) nor b. atriation cost more than five more than Two hundred thousand million pesos c. Subsistence allowance pesos (P500,000.00). (P2,000,000.00) d. Money claims e. CompassiNatural death (b) The penalty of life (b) The penalty of life f. Permanent disability imprisonment and a imprisonment and a g. Reponate visit fine of not less than fine of not less than h. Medical evacuation five hundred thousand Two million pesos (P500,000.00) nor (P2,000,000.00) nor i. Medical repatriation more than one million more than Five pesos million pesos PROGRAMS and SERVICES (P1,000,000.00) shall (P5,000,000.00) shall 1. EXPANDED LEGAL ASSISTANCE: be imposed if illegal be imposed if illegal  The Legal Assistance Fund (LAF) recruitment recruitment (Section 18) constitutes economic constitutes economic sabotage as defined sabotage as defined - a program designed to provide legal support therein therein to OFWs facing legal challenges abroad. This (c) Any person found fund is crucial for protecting the rights and guilty of any of the welfare of OFWs in legal matters abroad. prohibited acts shall 2. EXPANDED REINTEGRATION suffer the penalty of PROGRAMS: imprisonment of not less than six (6) years  National Reintegration Center for and one (1) day but OFWs (NRCO) (Section 11) not more than twelve - an agency under the Department of Labor (12) years and a fine and Employment (DOLE) in the Philippines. of not less than Five It was established to assist Overseas Filipino hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) Workers (OFWs) in their reintegration into nor more than One Philippine society. million pesos (P1,000,000.00). The NRCO offers various programs, including: JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104  Balik-Pinas! Balik-Hanapbuhay! Rest day Program Maternity leave  Livelihood Development Assistance Security of Tenure Program (LDAP)  Tulong Pangkabuhayan sa OFWs PROGRAMS AND SERVICES (TULAY Program), also known as  Social Security System (SSS) the Tulong PUSO Program Is a state-run program that provides social  Psycho-Social Services insurance to Filipino workers. It covers 3. The Congressional Migrant Workers employees in the private sector, self- Scholarship Program employed individuals, and voluntary - Offers financial assistance to the children of members. OFWs to pursue higher education.  Philhealth (National Health Insurance) Is a universal health insurance program in the Philippines. That covers hospitalization LABOR SECTOR expenses for employees.  Home Development Mutual Fund Faina Dela Cruz & Cristine Ann S. Villaceran (HDMF) PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 442 it is popularly known as the Pag-IBIG also known as the Labor Code of the Fund, is a mandatory savings program that Philippines. Is a comprehensive legal code members can withdraw upon retirement, design to provide protection to labor, promote separation from service, or other qualifying full employment, ensure equal work conditions. opportunities regardless of sex, race or religion, and regulate the relations between OTHERS PROGRAMS AND SERVICES: workers and employers.  Philippine Overseas Employment Administration(POEA) WHO ARE COVERED BY THIS LAW: This government agency protects overseas Regular employees Filipino workers (OFWs) from illegal Project employees recruitment and promotes their employment Seasonal employees abroad. Casual employees  Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) Probationary employees these are designed to help employees address However, the code excludes the personal and work-related challenges more government employees. effectively.  Department of Labor and Employment PROVISIONS UNDER THE LABOR (DOLE) CODE: this government agency offers various Minimum wage programs and services for employed Overtime pays individuals including job matching, skills Holiday pay JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 training and emergency employment These communities may have been assistance. displaced or resettled outside their ancestral domains, and are considered indigenous due to their descent from populations inhabited during conquest, INDIGENOUS PEOPLE colonization, or the establishment of state Kyle Clarisse Madrazo & Decy Mae Pareñas boundaries. DEFINITION Republic Act No. 8371 or "The R.A. No. 8371 defines Indigenous Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of Cultural Communities/Indigenous Peoples 1997" (IPRA) was approved on October as groups of people or societies who have 29, 1997. It is an Act to Recognize, lived on communally defined territory, Protect, and Promote the Rights of sharing common cultural traits and language. Indigenous Cultural Communities/Indigenous Peoples,  LU ZO N Creating a National Commission on Estimated Percentage Indigenous Peoples (NCIP). Around 40-50% of the indigenous population in the Philippines. This law applies to all indigenous peoples Key Indigenous Groups of the Philippines. It is a landmark Igorot (e.g., Kankanaey, Ifugao, legislation to correct historical injustices, Ibaloi), Aeta, Agta, Dumagat, Isneg. enforce constitutional mandates, and observe international norms. It is a  V I SAYAS comprehensive law that seeks to Estimated Percentage recognize, protect, and promote the 36 Around 10-15% of the indigenous specific rights with the following 4 population. bundles of rights: Key Indigenous Groups Ati and Tumandok. 1. Right to Ancestral Domains  M I NADANAO 2. Rights to Self-governance and Estimated Percentage Empowerment Around 35-50% of the indigenous 3. Social Justice and Human Rights population. 4. Rights to Cultural Integrity Key Indigenous Groups Lumad (e.g., Manobo, Mandaya, T’boli, B’laan, Subanen), Moro Indigenous Peoples (e.g., Tausug, Maranao, Maguindanao) JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 PUNISHABLE ACTS AND rights and multi-dimensional well- being APPLICABLE PENALTIES are fully recognized, respected, and Anyone who violates the provisions of promoted towards the attainment of the law, such as intruding on ancestral national unity and development lands or committing acts prohibited by the law, will be punished according to the "customary laws" of the specific IP EDUCATION AND ADVOCACY Indigenous Cultural Community (ICC) or SERVICES IP group affected. The penalty can range from The Merit-Based Scholarship Program - "imprisonment of 9 to 12 years" and/or it is a program that aimed of providing a " fine of ₱100,000 to ₱500,000". meaningful scholarship to Additionally, the offender may be qualified/deserving IP students based on required to pay "damages" to the screening criteria and benefits or affected ICC/IP community. privileges set forth in the Guidelines. PERSONS SUBJECT TO PUNISHMENT ANCESTRAL DOMAIN/LAND If the offender is a juridical person, all RECOGNITION THROUGH THE officers such as, but not limited to, its INDIGENOUS PEOPLES RIGHTS ACT president, manager, or head of office (IPRA) responsible for their unlawful act shall be Certificate of Ancestral Domain criminally liable therefor, in addition to Titles(CADTs) are issued to formally the cancellation of certificates of their recognize the rights of possession and registration and/or license. ownership of Indigenous Cultural Provided, that if the offender is a public Communities/Indigenous Peoples official, the penalty shall include (ICCs/IPs) over their ancestral domains perpetual disqualification to hold public as identified and delineated in accordance office. with this law, while Certificate of The NCIP is mandated to protect and Ancestral Land Titles (CALTs) formally promote the interests and well-being of recognize the rights of ICCs/IPs over the Indigenous Cultural Communities their ancestral lands. (ICCs) and Indigenous Peoples (IPs) with due regard for their beliefs, customs, traditions, and institutions, and the INFORMAL SETTLERS recognition of their ancestral domains as Cricel T. Lawan & Sandy Louie N. Muriedas well as their rights thereto pursuant to IPRA. INFORMAL SETTLERS It is also responsible for the formulation is a broad concept that refers to and implementation of policies, plans, individuals and groups who estab- lish their programs, and services for the welfare principal residence in mostly urban areas and and best interests of the ICCs/IPs, whose JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 types of dwellings considered illegal or in Department of Human Settlements and discord with the dominant social norms. Urban Development. The National Housing Authority (NHA) WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF addresses the needs of informal settlers in INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS? the Philippines, particularly in urban Common categories or terms areas. associated with informal housing include: slums, shanty towns, squats, homelessness, REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7279 backyard housing and pavement dwellers. Also known as the Urban Development and Housing Act (UDHA) of 1992 or the Lina PROGRAMS & SERVICES Law, is a Philippine law that provides for a DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN comprehensive urban development and SETTLEMENTS AND URBAN housing program: DEVELOPMENT The law aims to provide housing for the DHSUD is the primary national underprivileged and homeless, including government entity responsible for the those who live in makeshift dwellings. management of housing, human settlement, and urban development in the 4PH country. The agency is spearheading the Pambansang Pabahay Para sa Pilipino National Government’s flagship (4PH) Housing Program by the Department initiative, “Pambansang Pabahay Para Sa of Human Settlements and Urban Pilipino: Zero ISF Program for 2028” Development (DHSUD). The housing which aims to build six million housing program is available for informal settler units in six years. families and low-income workers who don’t have their own homes. The local government REPUBLIC ACT NO. 11201 units (LGUs) in the housing project areas will REPUBLIC ACT NO. 11201 AN identify eligible beneficiaries for the 4PH ACT CREATING THE DEPARTMENT OF program. According to the DHSUD, those HUMAN SETTLEMENTS AND URBAN who are interested in applying should DEVELOPMENT, DEFINING ITS coordinate directly with their respective MANDATE, POWERS AND FUNCTIONS, LGUs for identification and registration. AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS BALIK PROBINSYA PROGRAM The National Housing Authority  The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) continues to (NHA) is a key government agency in the implement the Balik Probinsya, Bagong Philippines, primarily responsible for public Pag-Asa program (BP2) which is open to housing. all eligible Filipinos wanting to start anew Established on July 31, 1975, the NHA in the provinces. operates as a government-owned and controlled corporation under the  The BP2 Program was enacted through Executive Order (EO) No. 114 to provide JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO  Republic of the Philippines Western Mindanao State University College of Social Work and Community Development Zamboanga City SW 104 measures that can support the decongestion of urban communities through the equitable distribution of wealth and resources, and the provision of social services in the rural areas.  Likewise, it aims to give the beneficiaries who decided to settle in their original hometown or in other resettlement areas, a wide array of opportunities, along with employment, industrialization, and improved quality of services, to start a new life. JOHN CARL LIM GATILOGO