Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) Chapter 5 PDF

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Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 5 THE RESEARCH METHODS OF BIOPSYCHOLOGY: UNDERSTANDING WHAT BIOPSYCHOLOGISTS DO MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. Vestibular function can be assessed by assessing a patient’s reaction to a. facial nerve stimulation. b. electroencephalography. c. cold water flushed in the ear. d. needles inserted in the face. e. needles inserted in the foot. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 104 W W W. T B S M. W S Topic: Chapter 5 Introduction Type: Applied Rationale: This answer is illustrated in the ironic case of Dr. P. 2. The ironic case of Professor P. makes the point that a. two brains are better than one. b. Alzheimer’s disease can have an early onset. c. many research methods of biopsychology are used in clinical settings. d. brain tumors can be bilateral. e. cortical tumors are usually malignant. Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 104 Topic: Chapter 5 Introduction Type: Applied Rationale: This is an important point for biopsychology students making career plans. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 260 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Which technique is illustrated here? a. computed tomography b. cerebral angiography c. electroencephalography d. magnetic resonance imaging e. positron emission tomography W W W. T B S M. W S Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 105 Topic: Methods of Visualizing or Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Applied 4. Which contrast X-ray technique is designed to locate vascular abnormalities in the brains of human patients? a. cerebral angiography b. X-ray photography c. pneumoencephalography d. CT scans e. PET scans Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 105 Topic: Methods of Visualizing or Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Applied Rationale: Figure 10.4 provides a beautiful illustration of this point. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 261 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Which of the following is a contrast X-ray technique? a. angiography b. magnetoencephalography c. positron emission tomography d. structural magnetic resonance imaging e. functional MRI Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 105 Topic: Methods of Visualizing or Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Applied 6. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the human brain is usually presented as a series of eight or nine a. horizontal sections. W W W. T B S M. W S b. frontal sections. c. coronal sections. d. sagittal sections. e. midsagittal sections. Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 106 Topic: Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Factual 7. Which of the following procedures is NOT an adaptation of X-ray photography? a. computed tomography b. MRI c. CT d. angiography e. both A and C Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 103 Topic: Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 262 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Which of the following provides the most detailed three-dimensional view of the structure of the living human brain? a. CT b. PET c. angiography d. EEG e. MRI Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 106 Topic: Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Factual 9. Positron emission tomography is a valuable research tool because it a. pictures the brain in fine detail. W W W. T B S M. W S b. involves angiography. c. provides an image of brain function. d. provides an image of brain structure. e. involves low levels of radioactivity. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 106 Topic: Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Factual 10. A patient is sometimes injected with radioactive fluorodeoxyglucose before a. a CT scan. b. magnetic resonance imaging. c. a contrast X-ray. d. positron emission tomography. e. a sodium amytal test. Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 106 Topic: Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Applied ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 263 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. The reason why radioactive fluorodeoxyglucose is useful for revealing the level of activity of neurons in different parts of the brain is that fluorodeoxyglucose a. is absorbed by neurons in relation to their level of activity. b. is metabolized by neurons in relation to their level of activity. c. is not metabolized by neurons. d. both A and C e. both A and B Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 106 Topic: Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Factual 12. Functional MRI generates images of increases to areas of the brain of a. oxygenated blood flow. W W W. T B S M. W S b. water flow. c. nitric oxide flow. d. alpha waves. e. fluorodeoxyglucose. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 107 Topic: Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Factual 13. Which technique records the BOLD signal? a. MRI b. CT c. fMRI d. PET e. MEG Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 107 Topic: Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 264 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Functional MRI requires the injection of radioactive a. water. b. glucose. c. fluorodeoxyglucose. d. oxygen. e. none of the above Answer: E Diff: 3 Page Ref: 108 Topic: Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Factual 15. Which method provides structural and functional information about the living human brain on the same image? a. functional MRI W W W. T B S M. W S b. angiography c. PET d. CT e. EEG Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 108 Topic: Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Factual 16. Which of the following is a method used by cognitive neuroscientists to turn off part of the brain while the effects on cognition and behavior are assessed? a. 2-DG b. ERP c. TMS d. PET e. EEG Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 109 Topic: Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 265 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 17. Unlike brain-imaging techniques, TMS permits the study of __________ between human cortical activity and cognition. a. links b. causal relations c. correlations d. neural connections e. communication Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 109 Topic: Methods of Visualizing and Stimulating the Living Human Brain Type: Factual 18. An electroencephalograph is a. a gross measure of the electrical activity of the brain. W W W. T B S M. W S b. a gross measure of the electrical activity of the cortex. c. a gross measure of the electrical activity of neurons. d. a gross measure of the electrical activity of groups of neurons. e. an EEG machine. Answer: E Diff: 3 Page Ref: 109 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 19. In human patients, EEG activity is commonly recorded directly from a. muscle. b. the hippocampus. c. the scalp. d. the neocortex. e. the heart. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 109 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Applied ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 266 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 20. Alpha wave EEG activity is associated with a. high arousal. b. sleep. c. relaxed wakefulness. d. epilepsy. e. evoked potentials. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 109 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 21. Which of the following biopsychologists would be most likely to study cortical ERPs in human volunteers? a. a neuropsychologist W W W. T B S M. W S b. a psychophysiologist c. a physiological psychologist d. a psychopharmacologist e. a comparative psychologist Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 110 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 22. Signal averaging is commonly used in the recording of ERPs because it reduces the magnitude of a. large signals. b. sensory evoked potentials. c. random signals. d. the P300. e. far-field potentials. Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 110 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 267 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 23. The main difference between an average evoked potential (AEP) and a “raw” evoked potential is that a. an AEP is usually unobservable. b. an AEP is an alpha wave. c. a raw evoked potential is often unobservable amidst the random noise of the ongoing EEG signal. d. an AEP is a unit response. e. a raw evoked potential is likely to be larger. Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 110 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 24. The P300 W W W. T B S M. W S a. is an EEG wave that often occurs after the presentation of a momentary stimulus meaningful to the volunteer. b. is a negative EEG wave. c. is a far-field potential occurring 300 mm from the electrode. d. occurs about 300 seconds prior to a response. e. is a component of the potential evoked by a meaningless click. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 110 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 25. The signals in the first few milliseconds of the average auditory evoked potential a. always originate next to the scalp electrode. b. are far-field potentials. c. originate in the sensory nuclei of the brain stem. d. all of the above e. both B and C Answer: E Diff: 3 Page Ref: 110 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 268 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 26. Components of AEPs recorded in the first few milliseconds after a stimulus are a. almost always auditory. b. almost always visual. c. not usually influenced by the meaning of the stimulus. d. of special interest to cognitive psychologists. e. almost always influenced by the meaning of the stimulus. Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 110 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 27. The short-latency low-amplitude signals (indicated by the arrow) in this average auditory evoked potential are termed W W W. T B S M. W S a. the P300. b. the P400. c. the ERP. d. the sensory evoked potential. e. far-field potentials. Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 110 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 269 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 28. Which of the following technique measures changes in magnetic fields on the surface of the brain? a. MRI b. fMRI c. MEG d. EMG e. EEG Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 111 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 29. MEG records a. the time of particular EEG signals. W W W. T B S M. W S b. changes in magnetic fields on the surface of the scalp. c. the frequency of particular EEG signals. d. the latency of far-field potentials. e. the P300. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 111 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 30. Muscle tension is monitored by a. electroencephalography. b. electromyography. c. electrooculography. d. ERPs. e. MEGs. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 111 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 270 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 31. Electrooculography is a. usually performed with one electrode mounted on each cornea. b. a method of estimating eye movement. c. a method of measuring skin conductance. d. an indirect method of measuring pupil constriction. e. both A and B Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 111 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 32. Electrooculography is a technique for monitoring a. penile engorgement. b. cortical activity. W W W. T B S M. W S c. blood pressure. d. eye movement. e. muscle tension. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 111 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 33. In electrooculography, how many electrodes are typically used to monitor the movements of one eye? a. 4 b. 8 c. 3 d. 1 e. 6 Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 111 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 271 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 34. Illustrated here is a. electroencephalography. b. magnetoencephalography. c. electrooculography. d. plethysmography. e. electromyography. W W W. T B S M. W S Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 111 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 35. If you were startled by a loud noise, there would be an increase in your skin’s conductance of electricity. This response is called a. a skin conductance response. b. an EKG. c. a skin conductance level. d. an average evoked potential. e. a P300 wave. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 112 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 272 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 36. Which gland or glands directly influence the SCL and the SCR? a. gonads b. pituitary gland c. sweat glands d. pancreas e. adrenal glands Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 112 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 37. Which of the following is a record of a person’s heart beat? a. electrocardiogram b. ECG W W W. T B S M. W S c. EKG d. all of the above e. both A and B Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 112 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual 38. Hypertension is a. stress. b. caused by excitement. c. chronic high blood pressure. d. chronic low blood pressure. e. a sphygmomanometer. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 112 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Applied Rationale: Many students incorrectly select A. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 273 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 39. The level of 130/70 mmHg is a. indicative of stress. b. the ratio of diastolic to total systolic blood pressure. c. a healthy human blood pressure. d. indicative of hypertension. e. both A and C Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 112 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Applied Rationale: Everybody should know this. 40. Which of the following have traditionally been used by physicians to measure blood pressure? W W W. T B S M. W S a. sphygmomanometers b. plethysmographs c. oscilloscopes d. electrodes e. ERPs Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 112 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Applied 41. Penile erection is a. a muscular response. b. an electromyographic response. c. a plethysmographic response. d. a sphygmomanometric response. e. an aberrant response. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 112 Topic: Recording Human Psychophysiological Activity Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 274 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Stereotaxic surgery in human patients typically requires a. a stereotaxic atlas. b. a stereotaxic instrument. c. a head holder. d. an electrode holder. e. all of the above Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: 112 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Applied 43. The method by which the experimental devices are accurately positioned in subcortical structures of human patients and animal subjects is a. autoradiography. W W W. T B S M. W S b. cryogenesis. c. perfusion. d. stereotaxic surgery. e. aspiration. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 112 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Applied 44. Bregma is a. the point of intersection between two major skull sutures. b. a common reference point for rat stereotaxic brain surgery. c. a naughty word. d. a type of electrode holder. e. both A and B Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 113 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 275 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 45. The reference point for many stereotaxic atlases of the rat brain is a. smegma. b. lambda. c. the intersection between two major tracts. d. bregma. e. both C and D Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 113 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual 46. Unlike subcortical lesions, cortical lesions are often made by a. the electrolytic method. b. aspiration. W W W. T B S M. W S c. radio-frequency current. d. transection. e. stereotaxic surgery. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 113 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual 47. Which of the following brain lesion techniques is least likely to be associated with damage to major blood vessels? a. aspiration lesions b. electrolytic lesions c. radio-frequency lesions d. knife cuts e. lobotomy Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 113 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 276 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 48. The __________ created by the current is the main cause of tissue damage produced by a radio-frequency lesion. a. vibration b. current induction c. heat d. ion deposits e. acid Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 113 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual 49. Reversible brain lesions, if properly done, a. destroy only those neurons that have been cooled. W W W. T B S M. W S b. produce a discrete area of permanent damage. c. destroy neurons by freezing them. d. produce no permanent neural damage. e. eliminate all neural activity in the brain for about 3 hours. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 113 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual 50. Cooling can be used to produce a functional or reversible brain lesion because a. the damage that it produces lasts only a few weeks. b. the damage that it produces lasts only a day or two. c. it can temporarily suppress neural activity in a particular area of the brain without damaging the brain. d. it produces lesions that can be reversed with drugs. e. the subjects usually survive. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 113 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 277 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 51. A temporary or reversible lesion can be produced by a. excision or cutting. b. aspiration or suction. c. cooling the target brain structure or injecting an anesthetic into it. d. radio-frequency current. e. invasive EEG. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 113 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual 52. Reversible lesions can be produced by microinjection directly into the target brain structure of a a. local anesthetic such as lidocaine. W W W. T B S M. W S b. a micro knife blade. c. coolant followed by antifreeze. d. both A and B e. both B and C Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 113 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual Rationale: Note: Coolants or antifreeze are never injected into the brain. 53. Lesions that are commonly referred to as amygdala lesions often a. damage neural structures other than the amygdala. b. do not destroy the entire amygdala. c. damage prefrontal cortex. d. both A and B e. both B and C Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 114 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Conceptual Rationale: This is an important idea that needs emphasis, which is why this is a good question. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 278 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. Lesions restricted to structures on one half of the brain are called a. unilateral lesions. b. bilateral lesions. c. monopolar lesions. d. bipolar lesions. e. unitary lesions. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 114 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual 55. Lesions restricted to structures in one half of the brain usually have effects that are much less severe than do comparable a. unilateral lesions. W W W. T B S M. W S b. bipolar lesions. c. cryogenic lesions. d. aspiration lesions. e. bilateral lesions. Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: 114 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual 56. Intracellular unit recording is not commonly used in biopsychological research because a. it is too difficult for biopsychologists. b. biopsychologists are usually not interested in neurons. c. it is a neurophysiological procedure. d. it is very difficult to keep the tip of a microelectrode inside a single neuron in a moving subject. e. all of the above Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 114 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 279 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 57. Intracellular unit recording is particularly difficult in a. humans. b. monkeys. c. rats. d. freely moving animals. e. higher species. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 114 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual 58. Which method was used to record this signal? W W W. T B S M. W S a. extracellular unit recording b. intracellular unit recording c. electroencephalography d. multiple-unit recording e. plethysmography Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 115 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 280 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 59. Unlike other electrophysiological methods of recording neural activity, intracellular unit recording provides measurements of a. cell firing. b. action potentials. c. the membrane potential. d. reductions in neural firing. e. EEG activity. Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 115 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual 60. Extracellular unit recording provides information about a. the magnitude of the membrane potential. W W W. T B S M. W S b. the wave form of action potentials. c. EPSPs. d. all of the above e. none of the above Answer: E Diff: 3 Page Ref: 115 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 281 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 61. Which method was used to record this signal? a. extracellular unit recording b. intracellular unit recording c. electroencephalography d. integrated multiple unit recording e. plethysmography Answer: B Diff: 2 W W W. T B S M. W S Page Ref: 115 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual 62. Multiple-unit signals are typically a. recorded through microelectrodes. b. recorded through electrodes that are larger than microelectrodes. c. integrated, or added together, to facilitate their interpretation. d. both A and C e. both B and C Answer: E Diff: 3 Page Ref: 115 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 282 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 63. In laboratory animals, cortical EEG signals are commonly recorded through a. stainless steel skull screws. b. electrodes placed around the eyes. c. subcortical electrodes. d. disk electrodes taped to the scalp. e. cortical pipettes. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 115 Topic: Invasive Physiological Research Methods Type: Factual 64. IP, SC, and IM are all a. recording methods. b. drugs. W W W. T B S M. W S c. stimulation methods. d. cranial nerves. e. routes of drug administration. Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 116 Topic: Pharmacological Research Methods Type: Factual 65. Drugs that do not penetrate the blood brain barrier can be administered to particular neural structures a. by SC injection. b. through a stereotaxically positioned cerebral cannula. c. through an intracerebral microelectrode. d. by IV injection. e. by injection into a carotid artery. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 116 Topic: Pharmacological Research Methods Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 283 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 66. Both ibotenic acid and kainic acid a. are neurotoxins. b. destroy neurons whose cell bodies are at the tip of an intracerebral cannula, while leaving axons passing through the region undamaged. c. are selective dopamine agonists. d. are selective dopamine antagonists. e. both A and B Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 116 Topic: Pharmacological Research Methods Type: Factual 67. The neurotoxin, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) selectively destroys a. neurons that release dopamine or norepinephrine. W W W. T B S M. W S b. axons. c. cell bodies. d. multipolar neurons. e. the hypothalamus. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 116 Topic: Pharmacological Research Methods Type: Factual 68. A method of identifying all of the brain areas of a laboratory animal that were particularly active during a behavioral test is a. cerebral dialysis. b. the 2-deoxyglucose technique. c. immunocytochemistry. d. the 6-OHDA technique. e. the kainic acid technique. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 116 Topic: Pharmacological Research Methods Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 284 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 69. The final stage of the 2-deoxyglucose technique involves a. autoradiography. b. injecting fluorodeoxyglucose. c. injecting radioactive fluorodeoxyglucose. d. immunocytochemistry. e. cerebral dialysis. Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 116 Topic: Pharmacological Research Methods Type: Factual 70. A method of measuring changes in the extracellular concentrations of various neurochemicals in particular sites in the brains of active laboratory animals is a. cerebral dialysis. W W W. T B S M. W S b. the 6-OHDA histological technique. c. in situ hybridization. d. immunocytochemistry. e. electroencephalography. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 116 Topic: Pharmacological Research Methods Type: Factual 71. Cerebral dialysis is a method of a. stimulating the brain. b. stimulating the neuroendocrine system. c. measuring changes in the extracellular concentrations of various neurochemicals at particular sites in the brains of active animals. d. 6-OHDA. e. recording AEPs. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 116 Topic: Pharmacological Research Methods Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 285 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 72. Which of the following is a technique for locating particular proteins in the brain? a. immunocytochemistry b. the 6-OHDA technique c. in situ hybridization d. both A and B e. both A and C Answer: E Diff: 3 Page Ref: 117 Topic: Pharmacological Research Methods Type: Factual 73. Which of the following procedures employs labeled antibodies? a. immunocytochemistry b. in situ hybridization W W W. T B S M. W S c. cerebral dialysis d. electroencephalography e. both A and B Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 117 Topic: Pharmacological Research Methods Type: Factual 74. In immunocytochemistry, the labeled ligand is a. an amino acid. b. a microelectrode. c. an antibody. d. a neurotransmitter. e. a receptor. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 117 Topic: Pharmacological Research Methods Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 286 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 75. Immunocytochemistry is to in situ hybridization as a. antibody is to messenger RNA. b. DNA is to antibody. c. neurotransmitter is to cell body. d. antibody is to DNA. e. RNA is to antibody. Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 117 Topic: Pharmacological Research Methods Type: Factual 76. Knockout mice are mice that a. have had a concussion. b. are susceptible to concussion. W W W. T B S M. W S c. have amnesia. d. both A and C e. none of the above Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: 118 Topic: Genetic Engineering Type: Factual Rationale: Knockout out mice are those in whom a particular gene has been deleted or “knocked out.” 77. Which of the following is a weakness of the gene knockout technique as a method of biopsychological research? a. Most behavioral traits are influenced by many interacting genes. b. Elimination of one gene often influences the expression of other genes. c. The effects of some gene knockouts are likely to depend on experience. d. all of the above e. none of the above Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 118 Topic: Genetic Engineering Type: Conceptual Rationale: To get this answer correct, students need to recognize only that more than one of the statements is correct. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 287 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 78. Melanopsin knockout mice have difficulty a. adjusting their circadian rhythms in response to changes in the daily light-dark cycle. b. seeing. c. sleeping on a regular schedule. d. displaying circadian rhythms. e. recognizing circadian signals. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 118 Topic: Genetic Engineering Type: Factual 79. Transgenic mice always possess a. more chromosomes than normal. W W W. T B S M. W S b. genes of the other sex. c. the behavioral characteristics of the other sex. d. fewer chromosomes than normal. e. genes of another species. Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: 118 Topic: Genetic Engineering Type: Factual 80. Green fluorescent protein a. was first isolated from a species of jelly fish. b. fluoresces when exposed to blue light. c. has been used to visualize neurons in a few plants, but not yet in animals. d. all of the above e. both A and B Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 119 Topic: Genetic Engineering Type: Factual Rationale: C is clearly incorrect: Plants do not have neurons. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 288 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 81. The brainbow technique a. is an extension of the green fluorescent protein technique. b. is a technique for labeling neurons in an animal different colors so that each can be traced. c. has not yet been applied to neural tissue in multicellular animals. d. both A and B e. both A and C Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 119 Topic: Genetic Engineering Type: Factual 82. Neuroscientists insert specific opsin genes into particular neurons so that exposure to light influences their activity. This technique is generally referred to as W W W. T B S M. W S a. optogenetics. b. immunochemistry. c. brainbow. d. in situ hybridization. e. autoradiography. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 120 Topic: Genetic Engineering Type: Factual 83. A behavioral paradigm normally includes a method for a. producing the behavioral phenomenon under investigation. b. measuring the behavioral phenomenon under investigation. c. recording brain activity. d. all of the above e. both A and B Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 120–121 Topic: Introduction: Behavioral Research Methods Type: Conceptual Rationale: This important two-part concept is emphasized in the text. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 289 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 84. The main difference between neurologists and neuropsychologists is that a. neurologists deal with brain-damaged people. b. neuropsychologists tend to focus on the assessment of complex behavioral problems. c. neuropsychologists generally refer patients to neurologists, but not vice versa. d. neurologists deal with behavior. e. neurologists are scientists. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 121 Topic: Neuropsychological Testing Type: Applied Rationale: This is an important point for students making career decisions. 85. Neuropsychological assessment is useful because it can W W W. T B S M. W S a. assist diagnosis. b. influence treatment. c. be the basis for effective counseling. d. all of the above e. both A and B Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 121 Topic: Neuropsychological Testing Type: Conceptual Rationale: To get this question correct, the student needs to recognize that more than one of the three statements (all three of which are made in the text) are true. 86. Before the 1950s, neuropsychological testing usually employed the a. standardized-test-battery approach. b. single-test approach. c. customized-test-battery approach. d. neurological approach. e. psychophysical approach. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 121 Topic: Neuropsychological Testing Type: Factual ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 290 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 87. The primary purpose of the single-test and standardized-test-battery approaches to neuropsychological testing was to a. identify brain-damaged patients. b. locate the area of brain damage. c. characterize the nature of the psychological deficits. d. measure brain activity. e. compete with neurologists. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 121 Topic: Neuropsychological Testing Type: Factual 88. The modern customized-test-battery approach to neuropsychological testing typically begins with a W W W. T B S M. W S a. test of memory. b. test of speech. c. test of motor function. d. test of emotion. e. battery of tests. Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 121 Topic: Neuropsychological Testing Type: Applied ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 291 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 89. Tests used in the modern customized-test-battery approach to neuropsychological testing a. are often specifically designed to measure aspects of psychological function that have been spotlighted by modern theories and data. b. often focus on the cognitive strategies employed by the patient, rather than on just how well the patient does. c. often require skilled practitioners for their prescription, administration, and interpretation. d. all of the above e. both A and B Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 121 Topic: Neuropsychological Testing Type: Conceptual Rationale: All three of these points are made in the text; the student needs to recognize only two of them to deduce the correct answer. W W W. T B S M. W S 90. Many current neuropsychological assessments begin with the a. sodium amytal test. b. dichotic listening test. c. WAIS. d. Psychiatric Test Inventory (PTI). e. ERP Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 122 Topic: Neuropsychological Testing Type: Applied ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 292 | P a g e [email protected] Downloaded by: alyshafiguera | [email protected] Want to earn $1.236 Distribution of this document is illegal extra per year?  Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material Test Bank - Biopsychology, 10th Edition (Pinel, 2018) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 91. The digit-span test is a common test of a. short-term memory. b. counting. c. arithmetic. d. intelligence. e. lateralization. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 122 Topic: Neuropsychological Testing Type: Applied Rationale: Unfortunately, it is quite insensitive to brain damage. 92. On the digit-span test, most people score about a. 65%. W W W. T B S M. W S b. 85%. c. 50%. d. 100%. e. none of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 122 Topic: Neuropsychological Testing Type: Applied Rationale: The correct answer is 7; students who understand the test should be able to deduce the answer. 93. Which of the following WAIS subtests are perceptual reasoning subtests? a. Picture Completion b. Digit Symbol c. Block Design d. Object Assembly e. all of the above Answer: E Diff: 3 Page Ref: 122 Topic: Neuropsychological Testing Type: Applied Rationale: Students need only to recognize that more than one of the options is correct to deduce the answer. ______________________________________________________________________________________________