Lifespan Development Study Guide PDF

development e.g. early childhood, 2^nd^ to 6^th^ birthday; middle childhood 6-12 years old etc., there will not be any statistical questions. **[Chapter 1- Introduction to Lifespan Development]** - Define human development? **Human development explores:** **How we change and grow from...

development e.g. early childhood, 2^nd^ to 6^th^ birthday; middle childhood 6-12 years old etc., there will not be any statistical questions. **[Chapter 1- Introduction to Lifespan Development]** - Define human development? **Human development explores:** **How we change and grow from conception to death** **How we change over period of time, and how we remain the same** **How we as people are similar and at the same time unique** - What are the domains of human development? **Physical, cognitive, socioemotional** - Lifespan development perspective views **Lifelong - (no age period dominates development)** **Multidimensional (physical, cognitive development, and** **psychosocial)** **Highly Plastic -- (plasticity highlights the capacity for change/intersects with age)** **Involves Growth - (maintenance and regulation of loss)** **Contextual - (context influences our development, and consequently behaviour (families, peer groups, neighborhoods, schools, etc)** **Multidisciplinary -(psychology, medicine, sociology, anthropology, social work, etc)** Nature of change- continuous vs discontinuous, continuity vs discontinuity, stability vs change - Why/what is the study human development Goals - Life span development perspective involves: **Growth, maintenance and regulation of loss: three main goals of human development** **Growth refers not only to physical changes, but also to other aspects of growth: economic, sociological and in every aspect of life** **Maintenance refers to when you grew up enough and you are not growing any further however, you want to maintain what you already have, or what you already have learned throughout your life** **Regulation of loss is related to maintenance if you are not growing any further, so you need to work to regulate your losses or in other terms maintain what you have without losing it all** - Biology vs sociocultural vs individual - Understanding theories and key figures of lifespan development Periods of human development? **Prenatal period -- from conception to birth** **Infancy -- from birth to 18/24 months Childhood -- up to around 11 years** **Early childhood -- up to age 5/6 years** **Middle and Late Childhood -- (5/6 -- 10/12 years)** **Adolescents -- from 10/12 to 18/22 years** **Early adulthood -- early 20ties to early 30ties** **Middle adulthood -- 40-60 years** **Late adulthood -- 60 years to death** Resilience Four types of age: **Chronological - (years since birth).** **Biological -- biological health. They younger the person's biological age, the** **longer the person is expected to live, regardless of chronological age.** **Psychological -- individual adaptive capacities. Older adults who are flexible motivated, think clearly tend to be younger psychologically** **Social age -- refers to the connectedness with others. People with stronger social relations are happier and tend to live longer than individuals who are lonely** - 3 patterns of aging - Successful, pathological, normal Research methods and ethical considerations in lifespan development **[Module 2/Chapter 2- Genetics and Prenatal Development]** - Watch 7 stages of Life First Nations Anishinaabe on YouTube Good life, fast life, elder, planting/planning, wondering, truth, doing, giving back life What is genetics? - Roles of genetics in prenatal development - What are genes and their importance in genetic inheritance? - Genotypes vs Phenotypes - Determining the sex of a child - Prenatal testing: Prenatal screening vs prenatal diagnosis - What is the value of prenatal testing and screening? - Environmental risks and teratogens - Factors influencing prenatal risks (Exposure, time, genetics, being male/female) - Complications of pregnancy and delivery **[Chapter 3-Birth and Postpartum]** - Approaches to childbirth - Pros/cons of medical childbirth - The 3 process or stages of delivery- dilation, birth, afterbirth - Possible pain management techniques- breathing, epidural, hynotherapy, massage - The role of birthing partner in labour and delivery - Parenting support systems - Critical thinking-What are the role of social workers to a postpartum mother? - Common newborn health issues and possible post-partum health issues or concerns for mother. **Jaundice, colic, emotional issues, PPD** - Balancing life, work, and parenthood-importance of sleep, nutrition, and self-care - Fathers, pregnancy, and perinatal period **[Chapter 4-Infancy and toddlerhood]** - General physical changes infants - Motor, sensory, and perceptual development - Cognitive development theories - Attachment and bonding - Importance of play and early childhood education and care - Developmental disorders and delays - Parenting styles, role of parents and caregivers. And importance of routine **[Chapter 5: Early Childhood]** - Gender differences in development - **Sensorimotor stage: Birth to 2 years: world experienced through senses and actions.** - **Preoperational stage: Ages 2 to 7: use words and images to represent things but lack logical reasoning** - **Concrete operational stage: Ages 7 to 11: understand concrete events and logical analogies; performs arithmetical operations** - **Formal operational stage: Ages 12 and up: Utilize abstract reasoning and hypothetical thinking** - Theory of mind - Concept of self - Childhood stress & development, and possible coping skills - Trauma and Childhood - Influence of technology, parental involvement, and guidance - Impact of Socioeconomic status (SES) **[Chapter 6: Middle Childhood]** - Moral development - Influences of family dynamics - The role of school and extracurricular activities - Middle childhood challenges - Middle childhood and independence