Study Guide General Anatomy PDF

Vertebral Column cervical region sacrum thoracic region coccyx lumbar region intervertebral foramen Parts of Typical Vertebra body lamina transverse process inferior articular process inferior articular facet vertebral foramen spinous process superior articular process superior artic...

Vertebral Column cervical region sacrum thoracic region coccyx lumbar region intervertebral foramen Parts of Typical Vertebra body lamina transverse process inferior articular process inferior articular facet vertebral foramen spinous process superior articular process superior articular facet Pedicle Unique Cervical Vertebrae and Characteristics bifid spinous process atlas dens transverse foramen axis Thoracic Cage sternum sternal body manubrium xiphoid process UPPER EXTREMITY Clavicle acromial end of clavicle sternal end of clavicle Scapula glenoid cavity coracoid process supraspinous fossa subscapular fossa acromion process spine of scapula infraspinous fossa Humerus head lesser tubercle coronoid fossa lateral epicondyle neck trochlea radial fossa olecranon fossa greater tubercle capitulum medial epicondyle Ulna head trochlear notch radial notch olecranon process coronoid process styloid process Radius head radial tuberosity neck styloid process Hand and Wrist Carpals (8) scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate phalanges middle phalanges metacarpals proximal phalanges distal phalanges MUSCLES Muscles of the Upper Extremity Muscle Action Deltoid - stabilization of the glenohumeral joint principal abductor of the arm. Triceps brachii - Extension of elbow. Biceps brachii - Flexion of elbow, Forearm supination. Brachialis Major - Flexor of elbow. Brachioradialis - Flexor of elbow. Pronator Teres - Pronation of forearm. Extensor Digitorum - Extension of Fingers. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris - Flexion of wrist, Adduction of wrist (Ulnar Deviation). Flexor Carpi Radialis - Flexion of wrist, Abduction of wrist (Radial Deviation). Flexor Digitorum Superficialis - Flexion of the digits 2-5 at the proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints Muscles of the Back and Chest Muscle Action Muscle Action Deltoid - stabilization of the glenohumeral joint principal abductor of the arm. Triceps - brachii Extension of elbow. Biceps - brachii Flexion of elbow Forearm supination. Brachialis - Major Flexor of elbow. Brachioradialis - Flexor of elbow. Pronator Teres - Pronation of forearm. Extensor Digitorum - Extension of Fingers. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris - Flexion of wrist, Adduction of wrist (Ulnar Deviation). Flexor Carpi Radialis - Flexion of wrist, Abduction of wrist (Radial Deviation). Flexor Digitorum Superficialis - Flexion of the digits 2-5 at the proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints. Muscles of the Back and Chest Muscle Action Trapezius - Elevate and depresses the shoulders. Pectoralis Major - Strong adductor and internal rotator of the humerus at the shoulder joint. Pectoralis Minor - Scapulothoracic joint: draws scapula anteroinferiorly, stabilizes scapula on thoracic wall. Serratus Anterior - Anterolateral movement of the scapula