STS Reviewer PDF

STS ROLE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN NATION-BUILDING Science and technology contribute significantly to economic growth, disaster preparedness, education, and national development. Government policies and programs play a pivotal role in implementing technological advanc...

STS ROLE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN NATION-BUILDING Science and technology contribute significantly to economic growth, disaster preparedness, education, and national development. Government policies and programs play a pivotal role in implementing technological advancements. SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES Cultural Studies: Examines cultural practices, traditions, and activist politics. Example: Using local languages or dialects. Economics: Explores societal impacts of financial systems. Example: Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program addresses inequality. Geography: Studies Earth’s features and their impact on daily life. Example: Build Build Build (BBB) infrastructure program. Psychology: Focuses on mental health initiatives like the Mental Health Law (RA 11036). Literature and Humanities: Studies cultural expressions through arts, e.g., eLib Program for online access to literary works. GOVERNMENT PROJECTS AND POLICIES National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP): Guided by RA 10121. Science and Technology Act of 1987: Promotes science education and technological advancements. Balik Scientist Act (RA 11035): Encourages experts to return and contribute to national growth. LINGUISTICS AND COMMUNICATION STUDIES National Language Policy (Bilingual Education): Promotes Filipino and English in schools. Science Communication Initiatives: Supported by CHED through grants and scholarships. INTERNATIONAL AND GOVERNANCE POLICIES Foreign Scholarship and Training Programs (FSTP): Develops local expertise through international collaborations. Governance-related policies: Renewable Energy Act of 2008, Philippine Space Act of 2019, and OneLab Programs for technological innovation. ADVANCED DEVICE AND MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY (ADMATEL) Operated by the Department of Science and Technology (DOST). Provides advanced failure analysis and materials characterization. ISO/IEC 17025:2005 accredited for quality and quick results. RENEWABLE ENERGY AND INFRASTRUCTURE Wind Energy: o Total installed capacity: 443 MW (e.g., Burgos Wind Farm in Ilocos Norte – 150 MW). o Benefits: Job creation, reduced dependency on fossil fuels, and greenhouse gas reduction. o Target: 5 GW onshore wind capacity by 2030. Panguil Bay Bridge: o 3.17 km sea-crossing bridge in Mindanao. o Advanced Korean technology used for durability. o Benefits: Improved transportation and economic development. SPACE AND SATELLITE TECHNOLOGY TALA Hybrid Rocket: o First Philippine-developed high-power rocket. o Successfully deployed Can Satellite payload. Diwata-1 Microsatellite: o Launched in 2016, operational until 2020. o Used for Earth observation and environmental monitoring. Maya-1 CubeSat: o Developed under the PHL-Microsat program in collaboration with Japan. DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT GeoRiskPH: o Tools: HazardHunterPH, GeoAnalyticsPH, and GeoMapperPH. o Provides real-time hazard assessments for disaster preparedness. PAGASA: o Provides protection against natural calamities and ensures public safety AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY Laser Land Leveling (LLL): o Promotes precise land leveling for better irrigation and higher crop yields. o Collaborative effort of the Department of Agriculture and IRRI. EDUCATIONAL INNOVATIONS Damath:  o Combines traditional dama and mathematics for engaging learning. mEducation Program: o Phone-based math tutoring program for Grades 3-5 students. o Results: Improved performance through targeted 20-minute sessions. Mathinic: o Online platform developed by Ateneo for interactive math lessons during the "new normal." INDUSTRIAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS DPWH Road Widening Project: o Improved transportation along Southern Leyte’s secondary roads. Philippine Industry Collaboration: o Partnership between DOST and private sectors for infrastructure and energy projects. ADDITIONAL GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS National Renewable Energy Program (NREP): Focuses on renewable energy advancements. Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA): Weather forecasting and disaster mitigation. MEDICAL SCIENCES Government Policies: Republic Act No. 11223 (Universal Health Care Act): Ensures equitable access to quality healthcare. Republic Act No. 7875: Establishes the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth). Programs: National Telehealth Center: o Uses technology to improve healthcare services and information sharing. o Develops tools to enhance healthcare efficiency. Barangay Nutrition Scholar (BNS) Program: o Delivers nutrition-related services. o Focus on malnutrition and community mobilization. o Policies: Presidential Decree No. 1569. Balik Scientist Program (BSP): o Encourages Filipino scientists to contribute locally.  o Strengthened by Republic Act No. 11035. CHEMICAL SCIENCES Government Policies: Republic Act No. 6969: Regulates hazardous substances. Republic Act No. 8749: The Philippine Clean Air Act, promoting air quality. Programs: Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI): o OneLab Project: Network for efficient product testing. o Food Safety Program: Ensures safe and quality food. Philippine Salt Industry Development Act (PSIDA): o Supports salt farmers through a roadmap and funding. o Policies: Republic Act No. 11985. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES Government Policies: Republic Act No. 9502: Cheaper Medicines Act for affordable and quality drugs. Republic Act No. 9711: Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Act of 2009 for medicine regulation. Programs: Philippine Pharma Zone Project: Ensures medicine safety and efficacy. Electronic Drug Price Monitoring System (EDPMS): Tracks and ensures affordable drug prices. Tuklas Lunas Program: o Develops medicines like Lagundi (Vitex Negundo) and Tawa Tawa (Euphorbia Hirta). AGRICULTURAL INNOVATIONS Drones4Rice Project: Uses drones for precision agriculture in rice production. Increases farmer productivity through optimized protocols. Hiraya Intelligent Modular Optimization (HIMO): AI-powered water management for industrial and household use. Recognized internationally for innovation. Project SARAI (Smarter Approaches to Reinvigorate Agriculture as an Industry): Provides mobile apps like SARAI Alerts for real-time agricultural advisories.  Focuses on pest management and weather prediction. Vertical Farming: Sustainable crop production using hydroponics and aquaponics. Popularized during the COVID-19 pandemic. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAMS Carrageenan Plant Growth Promoter (PGP): Extracted from red seaweeds to enhance crop yield by 15-40%. ACTICon Biopesticide: Controls fungal diseases in bananas, reducing mortality rates in plants. Forest and Climate Protection in Panay Project: Conserved 149,118 hectares of forest, reducing deforestation and CO₂ emissions. Promoted agroforestry and increased local incomes by 36%. Bio-N Filtration: Natural nitrogen recycling using bacteria to improve soil and water quality. BIOLOGICAL AND FORESTRY TECHNOLOGIES Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL): Engineered wood used in construction for strength and sustainability. VAM Root Inoculant: Soil enhancer containing fungi to improve crop health and yield. Community-Based Soil Conservation: Advocates sustainable land use to prevent erosion and fertility decline in upland areas.