2nd Sem Midterm: Paradigm Shifts & Scientific Revolution PDF

2ND SEM MIDTERM PARADIGM SHIFTS & SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION EXAMPLE 3 OLD BELIEF: “Creationism” PARADIGM Set of standa...

2ND SEM MIDTERM PARADIGM SHIFTS & SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION EXAMPLE 3 OLD BELIEF: “Creationism” PARADIGM Set of standards, directions, perspectives or concepts. God, an omniscient and omnipotent designer, created living things in their current form. A paradigm shift that significantly changes the way the Humans are designed in God’s own image and likeness natural world is perceived results to a SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION NEW BELIEF: “Darwinian Theory” EXAMPLE 1 Organisms evolved to thrive in the environment, in a process called Natural Selection. Characteristics are inherited from parents. OLD BELIEF: “Ptolemaic Theory” Humans evolved from a common ancestor shared with primates. GEOCENTRIC THEORY This stated that a static Earth is at the center of the This led to Darwinian Revolution. Universe. Supported ANTHROPOCENTRISM KHUNIAN The Thomasites, first puCYCLE Accepted by CATHOLICISM NEW BELIEF: “Copernican Theory” HELIOCENTRIC THEORY The Sun is the center of the Solar System. It challenged the biblical scriptures. Strengthened by the invention of the telescope. Led to the Copernican Revolution EXAMPLE 2 OLD BELIEF: “Aristotelian Physics” Objects will naturally come to rest. Heavenly bodies move in perfect circles. Objects need to be pushed or pulled to continue moving. NORMAL SCIENCE: Working on an established dominant theory. Example: “Blending Inheritance” MODEL DRIFT: Something doesn’t fit, but “not really NEW BELIEF: “Newtonian Physics a problem” Example: Child gets his mother’s hair MODEL CRISIS: Unexplainable results build-up Objects have inertia. Example: Mendel’s Experiment Laws of Motion and Universal Law of Gravity apply MODEL REVOLUTION: Proposal of New Theory whether on Earth or in space. This led to Newtonian Example: Mendel’s Law of Dominance Revolution PARADIGM CHANGE: Acceptance and paradigm shift Example: Mendelian Genetics RETURN TO NORMAL SCIENCE: Refining the new framework Example: Polygenic traits TRANSES BY: Maxine Cabungcal  OTHER EXAMPLES writing system IN THE that used symbols CURRENT established by the TIME: PROCESS OLD PARADIGM NEW PARADIGM Retail Traditional Stores E-commerce Television Cable TV Streaming Sites Payment Cash & Checks E-wallet & Mobile Banking Media Print Media Digital Media Energy Fossil Fuels E-vehicles Work setup Onsite WFH or Flexible Transportation Personal Car Ridesharing apps Fitness Gym and Personal Wearable Health Trainer trackers CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING TRUE OR FALSE 1. “All paradigm shifts result to scientific revolutions.” FALSE 2. “Presentation of scientific evidences leading to significant contradictions to the dominant theory defines a MODEL CRISIS.” TRUE 3. “During a MODEL DRIFT, several inconsistencies can be ignored as exceptions.” TRUE 4. “A currently embraced paradigm can always be replaced by a new one.” TRUE 5. “Ketogenic diets, the consumption of more fats and lesser carbohydrates, is an example of an old paradigm.” FALSE TRANSES BY: Maxine Cabungcal