Standards for the dispensing of medicine [Autosaved].pptx

Dispensing procedure Lecture 4 Suitability of dispensary The dispensary, its fittings and equipment must be adequate and suitable for the purpose of dispensing. The dispensary surface area must be sufficient for the volume of prescriptions dispensed. A clear working surface area o...

Dispensing procedure Lecture 4 Suitability of dispensary The dispensary, its fittings and equipment must be adequate and suitable for the purpose of dispensing. The dispensary surface area must be sufficient for the volume of prescriptions dispensed. A clear working surface area of at least 90 cm by 1 m must be provided for each person registered with Council who works in the dispensary. The temperature in the dispensing area must be maintained below 25° C and there must be an air- conditioner installed in the dispensary which is in good working order. Dispensing equipment A suitable means of counting tablets and capsules. An accurate dispensing balance A range of graduated, stamped glass or plastic measures. A refrigerator equipped with a suitable thermometer and capable of storing products at temperatures between 2° C and 8° C. A suitable range of dispensing containers for medicinal products. Dispensing equipment cont… Dispensing labels and warning labels An ointment tile and spatula, stirring rods, pestles, mortars and other appropriate equipment (if compounding is performed in the pharmacy). Where sterile or aseptic dispensing is to be carried out in accordance Suitable means for sterilisation of medicinal products if products that require sterilisation are prepared in the pharmacy. Suitable refuse receptacles. Types of areas for the furnishing of information and advice and the counselling of patients semi-private area at each point where dispensing of medicine to the patient or the patient's agent/caregiver occurs; a private area; a consultation area for the provision of screening and monitoring services Semi-private or not ? Storage areas in a dispensary or medicine room sufficient shelving constructed from smooth, washable and impermeable material, which is easy to maintain in a hygienic condition. No medicines may be stored on the floor. Storage areas for medicines must be self-contained and secure. Storage areas must be large enough to allow orderly arrangement of stock and proper stock rotation. Condition of the medicine room The walls, floors, windows, ceiling, woodwork and all other parts of the medicine room must: (i) be kept clean; and (ii) be kept in such good order, repair and condition Countertops, shelves and walls must be finished in a smooth, washable and impermeable material which is easy to maintain in a hygienic condition. The temperature in the medicine room must be below 25° C. The medicine room must have the following fixtures/fittings: (i) an air-conditioner in good working order; (ii) a refrigerator in good working order Dispensing procedure Phase 1: Interpretation and evaluation of the prescription. Phase 2: Preparation and labelling of the prescribed medicine. Phase 3: Provision of information and instructions to the patient to ensure the safe and effective use of medicine. Dispensing cont… Phase 1-Receipt identifying the patient, the prescriber and (the entity responsible for payment (as applicable)) ensuring the legality/authenticity of the prescription; a permanent copy of a faxed, e-mailed, telephonic or other electronically transmitted prescription or order made for record purposes. A faxed, e-mailed, telephonic or other electronically transmitted prescription or order must be followed by the original prescription or order within seven working days; helping the patient to resolve the problem when the prescription cannot be dispensed; interpreting the type of treatment and the prescriber's intentions; identifying the medicine, and checking the pharmaceutical form, strength, appropriate dosage, presentation, method of administration and duration of treatment; informing the patient of the benefits and implications of the substitution for a branded medicine of an interchangeable multi-source medicine. Phase 1- Assessment the safety of the medicine possible contra-indications drug/drug interactions drug/disease interactions treatment duplications appropriateness for the individual and the indication for which the medication is prescribed; Phase 2: Selecting or preparation of product Patient-ready packs/pre-packed medicines are correctly selected. Preparation of extemporaneous preparations. Counting must be done on a clean counting tray and the final dosage form placed in a suitable container. The container clearly labelled with the correct directions. Cautionary/advisory labels and instructions must always be used. must be carefully checked for accuracy and completeness. Signing the prescription. Labels Labelling of dispensed products must be clear, legible and indelible. Lettering must as far as possible be mechanically printed. The following information must be indicated: the proprietary name, approved name, or the name of each active ingredient of the medicine, where applicable, or constituent medicine; the name of the person for whose treatment such medicine is sold; the directions in regard to the manner in which such medicine should be used; the name and business address of the person authorised to sell such a medicine; date of dispensing; and reference number Prescription book (applicable for schedule 2-6) the name of the medicine or scheduled substance; the date on which the prescription was dispensed; the dosage form and quantity of the medicine or scheduled substance; the name and address of the patient, or, in the case of a prescription issued by a veterinarian, the name and address of the person to whom the medicine or scheduled substance was sold; where applicable, the name of the medical practitioner, dentist, veterinarian or any other authorised person who issued the prescription; and prescription reference number. Phase 3-Supply to the patient Advising a patient or the patient's agent/caregiver (physical presence is preferred) must be carried out by an authorised person. A patient information leaflet Information must be structured to meet the needs of individual patients ensure that any information is up-to-date and in accordance with the relevant local and national guidelines. Information provided to patients regarding their medicine use must always be done with professional judgement and the prescriber should be contacted when necessary. Phase 3-Monitoring patient outcomes must assess the patient for signs of compliance, effectiveness and safety of the therapy. should identify areas for modification, implementation of modifications (taking into account legal requirements), revise the patient record and record the action taken  Peripheral Compartment (V2) Input (oral administered drug) Q KTR KTR KTR Absorption Ka Central KTR T0 T1 T2 T3 Compartmen Compartment t (V1) Ke CL