SST Module 6C Tenses PDF

Module 6C TENSES OUTLINE ▪ Understanding Types of Tenses ▪ Rules Governing Use of Tenses ▪ Present Indefinite Tense ▪ Present Continuous Tense ▪ Present Perfect & Continuous Tense ▪ Past Indefinite Tense ▪ Past Perfect Tense ▪ Future Tense ▪ Common Errors UNDERSTANDING TYPES OF TENSES ▪ A set of...

Module 6C TENSES OUTLINE ▪ Understanding Types of Tenses ▪ Rules Governing Use of Tenses ▪ Present Indefinite Tense ▪ Present Continuous Tense ▪ Present Perfect & Continuous Tense ▪ Past Indefinite Tense ▪ Past Perfect Tense ▪ Future Tense ▪ Common Errors UNDERSTANDING TYPES OF TENSES ▪ A set of forms taken by a verb to indicate the time (and sometimes also the continuance or completeness) of the action in relation to the time of the utterance ▪ Example: ▪[-ed + play = played] action occurred before the present time UNDERSTANDING TYPES OF TENSES ▪ Two major types of tense forms: ▪ “We play” present ▪ “We played” past ▪ Future time reference: ▪ He will go to school today. ▪ We shall play hockey. RULE GOVERNING USE OF TENSES ▪ Present Indefinite Tense: To indicate the present moment E.g.: I live in Bhopal, the city of lakes. To state the Universal truths E.g.: Planets rotate on their own axis. RULE GOVERNING USE OF TENSES Regular or habitual actions E.g.: He gets up early in the morning and goes for a long walk. Commentary and Demonstrations E.g.: Sachin bowls to Ben Stokes. Ben Stokes hits the ball. Future (fixed events related to timetable, etc.) E.g.: The bus departs at 7.00 am tomorrow. RULE GOVERNING USE OF TENSES ▪ Present Continuous Tense: Continuous action E.g.: The students are playing hockey in the field. Temporary action E.g.: The gentleman is reading Oliver Twist a novel by Charles Dickens. RULE GOVERNING USE OF TENSES ▪ Present Continuous Tense: Action which is set to occur in future E.g.: The Principal is going to speak to the parents tomorrow. Temporary action E.g.: The naughty student is asking me time and again to increase his marks in English. RULE GOVERNING USE OF TENSES ▪ Present Perfect & Continuous Tense: Action which started in the past and is still continuing E.g.: I have been doing my task for the last two hours. Event in past and result in present time E.g.: The train has arrived in time. RULE GOVERNING USE OF TENSES ▪ Present Perfect & Continuous Tense: Completed activities in the immediate past E.g.: She has just worshipped. The state or habit leading up to the present time E.g.: The students have attended the lectures regularly. RULE GOVERNING USE OF TENSES ▪ Past Indefinite Tense: Indicate an action finished in past E.g.: I watched an adventure movie yesterday. Represents the past situations which existed over a period of time E.g.: She nurtured her neighbor's daughter as her own until she grew up. RULE GOVERNING USE OF TENSES ▪ Past Indefinite Tense: In past habits E.g.: My teacher always carried a notebook. Represents the past situations which existed over a period of time E.g.: If they watched this movie, they would enjoy it. RULE GOVERNING USE OF TENSES ▪ Past Perfect Tense: Used before the event which happened earlier E.g.: The train had left before we reached the platform. Used to indicate non-fulfilment of a condition in the past in conditional clauses E.g.: If he had made sincere efforts, he would have passed. RULE GOVERNING USE OF TENSES ▪ Future Tense: Future Indefinite Tense Structure: Subject + will/shall + V1 E.g.: One day, everyone will feel the importance of climate activism. RULE GOVERNING USE OF TENSES ▪ Future Tense: Future Continuous Tense Structure: Subject + will/shall + be + V1 + ing E.g.: The principal will be providing the certificate soon. RULE GOVERNING USE OF TENSES ▪ Future Tense: Future Perfect Tense Structure: Subject + will/shall + have + V3 (past participle form) E.g.: I expect that my teacher will have changed his perception by the next day.  COMMON ERRORS 1) It is thundering for two days. vs It has been thundering for two days. 2) I have seen him today. vs I saw him today. 3) See that you will not do any harm to your friend. vs See that you do not do any harm to your friend. 4) He will work if you will ask him. vs He will work if you ask him. THANK YOU