Spanish Language Notes PDF

Here is the transcription of the document/image into a structured markdown format: ### Oracion (Prayer) Para ser rezado antes del comienzo de nuestra clase, rogando a nuestro Señor, todopoderoso y piadoso, y por la interccesión de nuestra Madre, la Virgin Santa Maria, que nos libran a todos - espe...

Here is the transcription of the document/image into a structured markdown format: ### Oracion (Prayer) Para ser rezado antes del comienzo de nuestra clase, rogando a nuestro Señor, todopoderoso y piadoso, y por la interccesión de nuestra Madre, la Virgin Santa Maria, que nos libran a todos - especialmente nuestra familia y nuestro pais = de todo peligro y que todos podamos vivir con traquilidad y en paz. (To be prayed before the start of our class, imploring our Lord, all powerful and merciful, and through the intercession of our Mother, Blessed Virgin Mary, to preserve all of us - especially our family and our country from all the danger so that we can live with tranquility and in peace) **Oremos (Let us pray)** | Spanish | English | |---------------------------|-------------------------------| | La señal de la Santa Cruz. | Sign of the Holy Cross | | En el nombre del Padre, y del Hijo, +y del Espiritu santo | In the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit | | Amén | Amen | | El Padre nuestro | Lord's Prayer | | Padre nuestro, que estás en los cielos, Santificado sea tu nombre, venga a nosotros tu reino, hágase tu voluntad asi en la tierra como en el cielo. El pan nuestro de cada dia dánosle hoy, y perdónamos nuestras deudas, asi como nosotros perdonamos a neustros deudores, y no nos dejes caer en la tentación, mas libranos del mal. Amén | Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be your name; your kingdom come; your will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread; and forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors; and lead us not into temptation but deliver us from evil. Amen. | | El Avemariá | Hail Mary | | Dios te salve, Mariá, lena eres de gracia, el Señor es contigo, bendita tú eres entre todas las mujeres, y bandito es el fruto de tu vientre, Jesús. Santa Maria, Madre de Dios, ruega por nosotros, pecadores, ahora y en la hora de nuestra muerte. Amén | Hail, Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with you; blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb. Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. Amen. | | Gloria. | Glory Be | | Gloria al Padre, y al Hijo, y al Espiritu Santo, como era en el principio, ahora y siempre, por los siglos de los siglos. Amén | Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit. As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. | | | Que Dios nos bendiga (May God bless us) | ## ACEBEDARIO: (SPELLING) | | | | | --- | --- | --- | | a | A, a | Alemania | | be | B, b | Buenos Aires | | ce | C, c | conocer, Colombia | | che/ce hache | Ch, ch | Chile | | de | D, d | diccionario | | e | E, e | entender | | efe | F, f | Filipinas | | ge | G, g | Guatemala, Argentina | | hache | H, h | historia | | i | I, i | idea | | jota | J, j | viajar | | ca | K, k | kilómetro | | ele | L, l | Lima | | elle | LI, ll | Mallorca | | eme | M, m | mundo | | ene | N, n | Nicaragua | | eñe | Ñ, ñ | español | | o | O, o | política | | pe | P, p | Panamá | | cu | Q, q | que | | ere | r | Peru | | erre | R, rr | Rusia, Sierra Madre | | ese | S, s | singular | | te | T, t | textos | | u | U, u | Uruguay | | uve | V, v | vivir | | uve doble | W,w | Washington | | equis | X, x | taxi | | I griega | Y, y | Paraguay | | zeta | Z, z | Venezuela | ## LOS NUMERALES | | | | | --- | --- | --- | | 0 cero | | 200 doscientos, -as | | 1 uno | | 300 trescientos, -as | | 2 dos | | 400 cuatrocientos,-as | | 3 tres | | as 500 quinientos, -as | | 4 cuatro | | 600 seiscientos, -as | | 5 cinco | | 700 setecientos, -as | | 6 seis | | 800 ochocientos, -as | | 7 siete | | 900 novecientos, -as | | 8 otso | | 1,000.00 mil | | 9 nueve | | 3,000.00 tres mil | | 10 diez | | 4,000.00 cuatro mil | | 11 once | | 100,000.00 cien mil | | 12 doce | | 1,000,000.00 un million | | 13 trece | | 2,000,000.00 dos miliones | | 14 catorce | | 20,000,000.00 veinte millones | | 15 quince | | | | 16 dieciseis | | primero | | 17 diecisiete | | First | | 18 dieciotcho | | segundo | | 19 diecinueve | | Second | | 20 viente | | tercero | | 30 treinta | | Third | | 40 cuarenta | | Cuarto | | 50 cincuenta | | Fourth | | 60 sesenta | | quinto | | 70 setenta | | Fifth | | 80 ochenta | | Sexto | | | Sexto | | | Séptimo | | | Seventh | | | Octavo | | | Eighth | | | Noveno | | | Ninth | | | Décimo | | | Tenth | ## GREETINGS | POR LA MAÑANA | IN THE MORNING | |---|---| | Buenos | good (masc. pl) | | días | day ("days") | | Buenos días | Good Morning | | señor | Mr. | | García | García | | Buenos días, señor Gracias | Good morning, Mr. Garcia | | cómo | How | | está | are | | usted | you | | ¿cómo está usted? | How are you? (pol.) | | | How do you do? | | cómo | how | | estás | are | | tu | you (fam.) | | ¿cómo estás? | How are you? (fam.) | | muy | very | | bien | well | | Muy bien | Very well | | gracias | Thank you, thanks | | muy bien, gracias. | Very well, thank you | | y | and | | usted | you | | ¿y usted? | And how are you (pol.) | | ¿y tú? | ("And you?") | | bien | fine | | Bien, gracias. | Fine, thank you | ## DAYS AND MONTHS | Spanish | English | |---|---| | Lunes | Monday | | Martes | Tuesday | | Miercoles | Wednesday | | Jueves | Thursday | | Viernes | Friday | | Sabado | Saturday | | Domingo | Sunday | | Enero | January | | Febrero | February | | Marzo | March | | Abril | April | | Mayo | May | | Junio | June | | Julio | July | | Agosto | August | | Setiembre | September | | Octubre | October | | Noviembre | November | | Diciembre | Deceber | ## SEASONS AND DIRECTIONS | Spanish | English | |---|---| | La Primavera | Spring | | El Verano | Summer | | El Otoño | Autumn | | El Envierno | Winter | | Norte | North | | Sur | South | | Este | East | | Oeste | West | ## MORNING, NOON AND NIGHT: TODAY, YESTERDAY, TOMORROW |Spanish|English| |---|---| | Mañana | morning | | Mediodia | noon | | Tarde | afternoon | | Noche | evening, night | | Hoy | today | | Ayer | yesterday | | Mañana | tomorrow | | Hoy Es Viernes | Today is Friday | | Ayer Fue Jueves. | Yesterday was Thursday | | Mañana Es Sabado | Tomorrow is Saturday | ## COLOR |Spanish|English| |---|---| | Rojo | Red | | Azul | Blue | | Verde | Green | | Negro | Black | | Blanco | White | | Amarillo | Yellow | | Café | Brown (Coffee Color) | | Costaño | Brown (Chestnut Color) | | Gris | Gray | ## WHAT’S YOUR NAME? |Spanish|English| |---|---| |¿Como te Ilamos? (familiar)| | |¿Como se llama usted? (formal)|| |What's your name|? |¿Me Llamo Juan Castro?|My name is Juan Castro |El se llama Carlo Perez.|His name is Carlo Perez. |¿Como se Ilama el?|What's his name? |El se llama Jose Rivera y ella Anita Ferrero|His name is Jose Rivera and hers is Anita Ferrero |¿Cual se su nombre?|What's his first name? |Su nombre es Carlos|His first name is Carlos | |¿Cual es su apellido?|what's his last name? |Su apellido es Perez|His last name is Perez.| ## WHERE ARE YOU FROM? |Spanish|English| |---|---| |Se llama Maria Fernandez|Her name is Marie Fernandez | |¿De donde es usted?|Where are you from?| |Soy de Bacolod City.|I'm from Bacold City |¿Donde nacio usted?|Where were you born?| |¿De donde es el?|Where is he from| |Soy de Filipinas.| I’m from the the Philippine. |Es del Manila.|He's from Manila.| |Naci en Iloilo City.|I was born in Iloilo |Ahora estoy viviendo en Bacolod City|I'm now living in Bacolod City| ## How Old Are You? |Spanish|English| |---|---| |¿Cuantos años tiene usted?|How old are you?| |Tengo veinticuatro años|I'm twenty-four.| |Cumplo veinticuatro años en septiembre|I'll be twenty-four in September. |Naci el diecinueve de agosto de mil novecientos noventa y seis.| I was born August 19, 1996.||¿Cuando es su cumpleaños?|When is your birthday?| |Mi cumpleaños es dentro de dos semanas, el veintitres de enero.|My birthday is in two weeks, January 23| |Estudia en la Universidad.|He studies at the University.| |El menor tiene diecisiete años.|The younger one is seventeen.| |Esta en el ultimo año del Instituto|He's in his last year of high school.| |¿Cuantas hermanas tiene usted?|How many sisters do you have?| |Tengo una hermana.|I have one sister.| |Tiene nueve años.|She's nine| |Ella va a una escuela primaria.|She goes to grammar (primary) school.| |¿Cuantos hermanos tiene usted?| How many brothers do you have? |Tengo dos hermanos.|I have two brothers.| |El mayor tiene veintidos años.|The older one is twenty-two| ## SUBJECT PRONOUNS In English there are seven subject pronouns: I; you; he; she ; it ; we they. In Spanish one has the same set of pronouns to choose from; however, the selection is greater due to gender ("we", "they," and the second person, plural form of "you" (there are four words for "you" have masculine & feminine forms) as well as the broader use of the word "you" (there are four words for "you" in Spanish). For the most part, the word "it" is an understand subject and thus there is no specific word for "it "in this context. The subject pronouns are as follows: | Singular| Plural| |---|---| |yo (1)|nosotros (we- masc/masc.& fem.) nosotras (we- fem only)| |tu (you- familiar)|vosotros (you - familiar, masc/masc.& fem.) vosotras (you- familiar, fem)| |el (he) ella(she) usted|ellos (they- masc/masc.& fem) ellas (they- fem only) ustedes (you -formal)| ## Regular -ar Endings | | | |---|---| |yo o| nosotros amos nosotras amos| |tu as|vosotros/vosotras ais| |el/ella/usted a|ellos/ellas/ustedes an| ### TO SPEAK:HABLAR 1. **I speak** | Spanish | English | |---|---| | yo hablo | I speak | | tu hablas | you speak (fam.) | | el habla | he speaks | | ella habla | she speaks | | usted habla | you speak (pol.) | | nosotros hablamos | we speak (masc.) | | nosotras hablamos | we speak (fem.) | | vosotros hablais | you speak (masc.) | | vosotras hablais | you speak (fem.) | | ellos hablan | they speak (masc.) | | ellas hablan | they speak (fem.) | | ustedes hablan | you speak (pol.) | 2. **Study these example** * Hablo español. - I speak Spanish * Juan habla ingles. - Juan speak English * Elena y yo hablamos español. - Elena and I speak Spanish Note: a. These forms, which make up the present tense, translate in English "I speak,” “I am speaking," "I do speak". b. Tu "you" is used to address people you know very well (whom you call by first name in English - relatives, close friends, etc.) and to address children, pets, etc. The plural of tu is vosotros (fem. Vosotras), which is used in Spain. In Latin America the plural form for "you" ustedes is used even with close friends. Tu is called the "familiar" form, usted the "polite" or "formal" 3. Notice that there are six verb endings: **SINGULAR** *-o* indicates the speaker (I) *-as* indicates the person spoken to (you). it is only used to address someone you know well. *-a* indicates someone or something spoken about (he, she, it) or els you (polite). **PLURAL** *-amos* indicates several people(we). *-ais* indicates the persons spoken to (you). It is used in Spain to address only those people you know well. *-an* indicates they (both masculine & feminine) or you (polite in Spain). These are the forms of verb with the infinitive ending-ar. Other common -ar verbs are: Trabajar - to work viajár - to travel Later on you will study the forms of regular verbs with infinitive endings -er &-ir. 4. Notice that the verb form with usted, el, and ella is the same: *habla* 5. The pronouns yu, tu, el, ella, etc. are not ordinarily used, “I speak" is just hablo, *"we speak"* is *hablamos*, the *-o* and *-amos* being sufficient to indicate "I," and "we". The pronouns are used only for emphasis or clarity (i.e., usted habla "you speak" and el habla "he speaks"). 6. Notice that several forms of the pronouns differ depending on whether men or women are speaking. | | | |---|---| |el habla| he is speaking| |ella habla| she is speaking| |nosotros hablamos| we are speaking (men)| |nosotras hablamos| we are speaking (women)| |vosotros hablais| you(fam.) are speaking (men)| |vosotras hablais| you (fam.) are speaking(women)| |ellos hablan| they are speaking (men)| |ellas hablan| they are speaking (women)| 7. Usted (abbreviated Ud.')and ustedes (Uds.) are abbreviations of vuestra merced, "Your Grace" (plural: vuestras mercedes) and therefore take the third person form: Como esta usted? ## THE AND A * The | | | | | | ------------ | ------ | ------------ | ------ | | el chico | the boy| los chicos |the boy | | la chica | the girl| las chicas |the grils | Notice that the word for *"the"* is in some case *el* (*plural: los*), in others case *la* (*plural: las*). Noun that take *el* are called *"masculine"*, noun that take *la* are called *"feminine"*. Nouns referring to males are masculino, nouns referring to females are feminine. In the case of other names you have to the noun is masculine (that is, take *el*) or feminine (that is, take *la*). *Lo "the"* is used before parts of speech other than nouns when they are used as nouns: | | | | ------------- | -------- | |lo importante| important things| |lo necesario | the necessary things| |lo dicho | what is said| * A (An) | | | | --------- | ---------- | |un chico | a boy| |una chica | a girl| |unos chico| boys some (a few boys)| |unas chicas| girls some (a few girls)| *Unos (unas)* is often when we would use *""some""* or *few* in English. *unos dias* - "a few days" ## Negative *NO* before the verb | | | | ------------ | ------------ | |ex. (Yo) |no halo español| |(Tu) | no halo francés.| |(el/ella) | no halo chino. | |(nosotros) | no hablamos tagalong.| |(vosotros) | no hablais ilonogo| |(el/ellas) | no halo cebuano| ## Preguntas | | | | -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ | | ¿habla español? | Do you speak Spanish | | si, hablo español | yes, i speak Spanish | | no,no hablo español | no, I don't speak Spanish | | ¿Maria habla frances? | Maria, does she speak Spanish | | si, ella habla frances | yes, she speaks Spanish. | | no, ella no habla frances | no, she doesn't speak Spanish| | ¿Vosotros hablais tagalog? | Do you (plu.) speak tagalog? | | si, nosotros hablamos tagalog | yes, we speak Spanish.| | no= nosotros no hablamos tagalog | no, we don't speak tagalog