K.B Chemistry 2024-2025 Solution, Suspension and Colloids PDF

K.B Chemistry 2024-2025 Ms K. Bhagaloo Chemistry Form 3 Solution, Suspension and Colloids Solution A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances; one substance is usually a liquid. A solution is made up of: The solvent, which is the substance that does the dissolving. The solvent...

K.B Chemistry 2024-2025 Ms K. Bhagaloo Chemistry Form 3 Solution, Suspension and Colloids Solution A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances; one substance is usually a liquid. A solution is made up of: The solvent, which is the substance that does the dissolving. The solvent is present in the higher concentration. The solute, which is the substance that dissolves. The solute is present in the lower concentration. A solution may contain more than one solute. Solutions in which the solvent is water are known as aqueous solutions. A saturated solution is a solution in which the solvent cannot dissolve any more solute at a particular temperature, in the presence of undissolved solute. In solutions: The particles are so small that they cannot be seen. They are less than 1 nanometre in diameter. (1 nanometre = 1 millionth of a millimetre.) They are generally transparent. Light can be transmitted through them. The exception is a solution of a solid in another solid. The particles cannot be separated by filtration, and do not separate out by letting the mixture stand for a while. Suspensions A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which minute, visible particles of one substance are dispersed in another substance, which is usually a liquid. 1 K.B Chemistry 2024-2025 Examples: 1. Mud in water and powdered chalk in water. These are suspensions of solid particles in a liquid. 2. Oil shaken in water. This is a suspension of liquid droplets in a liquid. 3. Dust in the air. This is a suspension of solid particles in a gas. In suspensions: The particles are large enough to be just visible. They are more than 1000 nanometres in diameter. They are opaque (not transparent) to light. Light is scattered by them. The particles can be separated by filtration. The particles undergo sedimentation – they eventually settle to the bottom of the container in which they are placed. Colloids A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture in which minute particles of one substance are dispersed in another substance, which is usually a liquid. The dispersed particles are larger than those of a solution, but smaller than those of a suspension. Comparison of Solution, Suspension and Colloid 2 K.B Chemistry 2024-2025 3