Social Studies 20-1 Notes PDF

Social Studies 20-1 Topics ========================== - - French Revolution (July 14, 1789) ================================= 2024-08-29 - Chronology of Europe the "Big Picture" --------------------------------------------------- American Revolution 1776 - - Pre-revolution France -...

Social Studies 20-1 Topics ========================== - - French Revolution (July 14, 1789) ================================= 2024-08-29 - Chronology of Europe the "Big Picture" --------------------------------------------------- American Revolution 1776 - - Pre-revolution France - - French Revolution 1789 - - - - - - Liberalism - - Europe the "Big Picture" (Europe General Timeline) Collapse of the Roman Empire 400 AD - - - - Middle Ages 400-1400 \-- Start of Feudalism period - - - - - Beginning of Islam 600 - - - Black Death 1347-1351 - - - - Feudalism - - - - Renaissance 1300-1600 - - - - Protestant Reformation 1517-1648 - - - - - 30 Year War 1618-1648 - - - - - Peace of Westphalia 1648 - - - - The Enlightenment 1600-1700 \-- End of Feudalism period - - - - - 2024-09-04 ---------- Why is change so gradual? - - - - - - - Religion - - - Why does society change? Pre-modern vs. modern vs. postmodern Pre-modern (religion) - - Modern (reason) - - - - - - - - - - Postmodern (identity) - - - French Revolution - - - Glorious Revolution (England) - - - Feudal Society in France - - - Three Estates - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2024-09-09 ---------- Characteristics of Feudalism - - - - - - - - Feudalism in France - - - - - Inequality in Society - - - - - - - Primogeniture - - - - The Government and the Church - - - The Degradation of Feudalism (Pre-Revolution) - - - - - - - - - - - - - Minor Factors Leading to Revolution - - Necker - - - - - Calonne - - - Brienne - - - - - - Necker - - - - Revolution - - - Copernicus - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2024-09-11 ---------- Quiz - Enlightenment Contributions (Emerging Ideas Handout) Long Term Factors - - - - - - Short Term Factors (more immediate) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Circumstances in Feudal France - - - - - - Monarchy - - Thirteen Parlements carried out monarch's orders by registering and administering laws - - Wars of Monarchs of France Louis XIV (1643-1715) - - - - - Louis XV (1715-1774) - - Louis XVI (1774-1791) - - - - Between 1701-1783, France was at war for 36 years and incurred lots of debt as a result 1\. Key Problem - - - - - 2\. Why can't they find a solution? - - French Revolution starts at the top as the nobility reject the taxation policies Most revolutions are led by educated elites and do not typically start with illiterate downtrodden masses French economy vs. French finances - - - In ancient society, it was very difficult to generate wealth so communities enslaved other communities How do we pay debt if our capacity to generate wealth is affected - 2024-09-16 - Enlightened Philosophes ------------------------------------ Copernicus Galileo (1564-1642) - - - Isaac Newton (1643-1726) - - Hobbes (1588-1679) - - - - - Locke (1632-1704) - - - - Rousseau (1712-1778) - - - 2024-09-18 ---------- Voltaire (1694-1778) - - Adam Smith (1723-1790) - - Montesquieu (1689-1755) - - - - - - - - Diderot (1713-1784) - - - - Wollstonecraft (1759-1797) - - - 2024-09-23 ---------- Louis XIV (1638-1715) - - - Louis XVI (1774-1791) - - The Attack of the Bastille (July 14, 1789) - - - The Meeting of the Estates-General - - - - - - - - 2024-09-26 ---------- National Assembly - - Estates General and the National Assembly - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2024-10-02 ---------- Causes and Effects of Louis XVI's Decisions - - - - - - - - - - - The Declaration of Rights to Man - - Sans-Culotte - - - - Revolution Spreads to Provinces - - - - - - Great Fear leads to many political and economic reforms August Decrees (August 5-11, 1789) - - - - - - Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (August 26, 1789) - - Nationalization of Church Land (November 2, 1789) - - - - - - 2024-10-07 ---------- Consequences of the Great Fear - - - - - 2024-10-09 ---------- Fish Women - - - - - The Reaction of the Monarchy - - - - March of the Fist Women to Versailles - - - - - - - Unification and Democratization of France - - Key Reforms and Accomplishments of the National Assembly - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1. - - - 2. - - - - 2024-10-16 ---------- Ideologues reduce cultures into single stereotypes and generalize - Review Assembly of Notables and Rejection of Tax Reforms by Paris Parlement - Creation of the National Assembly - - Tennis Court Oath - Attack on the Bastille - - Great Fear - - March of Fish Women to Versailles - Post-October Days Events Progression of Governments - - - - - - - - Radicalization of Revolution - - - - - - - - Since many different taxes were abolished, the National Assembly confiscated church land as a new source of revenue to administer their laws and help pay off the national debt France had incurred by selling the confiscated lands through bonds called assignats. The political effects were significant. This alienated the Church and Catholicism, promoting secular ideals and spreading anticlerical sentiment. It also fuelled the conflict between the state and religious authorities. There were also benefits to the assembly, as they gained more support from those who bought the land. 2024-10-17 ---------- Three key events prior to the creation of the Constitution of 1791 (Sept. 3) made the long-term success of the newly created Legislative Assembly less likely. (Look at page above) - - - Austria and Prussia indicated that force would be used in order to restore the powers of the crown. The first meeting of the new Legislative Assembly took place on October 1, 1791. Only ¼ of active citizens participated in elections. Self-denying ordinance meant the most experienced political leaders weren't part of the Legislative Assembly. The key problem was that Louis had demonstrated his unwillingness to rule as a constitutional monarch (flight to Varness). As a result, the call for a republic grew louder. About 50,000 congregated in the Champs de Mars to sign a petition calling for a French republic. The National Guard, led by Lafayette, was called out to subdue the crowd. The National Guard opened fire killing about 50 unarmed people. This represented a clear break within the Third Estate. War with Austria declared in April of 1792. Constitution of 1791 (Created September 3, 1791) - - - Succession of governments, with different sets of rules (constitution), indicates political instability National Symbols Assignment (Cult of the Supreme Being and Cult of Reason) a. - - b. - - - c. - - - - d. - - - - 2024-10-21 ---------- Argumentative Essay - - - The Declaration of the Rights of Women and the Female Citizen - - The Cult of the Supreme Being - The Metric System - The Revolutionary Calendar - - - The Tricolore - - - The Levee en masse - - - La Marseillaise - - - Bastille Day - The Guillotine The Revolutionary Clock - "Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite" - - - Key Characters of the French Revolution Assignment a. - - - - b. - - - - c. - - Parties to research a. - - b. - - - c. - - - d. - - The Feuillants were excluded from the Legislative Assembly due to their break from the Jacobins, as they endorsed a constitutional monarchy instead of a republican framework. Their moderate position and efforts to retain monarchical authority rendered them less influential as revolutionary sentiments became increasingly radicalized. 2024-10-23 ---------- Louis' Attempt to Flee - - - Control of the Revolution Passes from the Bourgeoisie to the Sans-Culottes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The Attack on the Tuileries - - - - - [The French Revolution Channel HD](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5pXxoyk5wOo) Video Jacques Hébert (1757--1794) was a French journalist and radical politician during the French Revolution. Born in Alençon, he initially worked as a clerk and playwright before moving to Paris, where he founded the influential, satirical newspaper Le Père Duchesne, through which he voiced support for the Revolution's most extreme ideas. Hébert became a leading figure in the radical faction known as the Hébertists, who called for aggressive de-Christianization and direct democracy. However, he fell out of favor with the revolutionary government, particularly with Robespierre. In 1794, Hébert was arrested, tried, and executed by guillotine during the Reign of Terror. 2024-10-28 ---------- Polarization occurs at extreme paces - Governments of Revolution - Polarization Legislative Assembly (constitutional monarchy) - - - - - - - - - - National Convention (Republic) - - - - - - Differences Between Parties - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2024-10-30 - Argumentative Essay Writing ---------------------------------------- Argumentative Essay Writing - - - SEXI - - - - Rubric - We have been studying transformation from feudal society to liberal, democratic society Dictatorship is by far the best form of government. Liberal democracy, by encouraging the expression of differing points of view, encourages faction formation and disunity. To what extent do you agree? - - There may be situations where dictatorships are needed - - - - Practice I - - Peters' Examples - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Thesis - - - - 2024-11-04 - Revolutionary Figures ---------------------------------- Jacobin Cap or Cap Rouge - - The Power Struggle for the Convention and the Fate of the Monarchy - - - - - - - - - *Armoire de fer* documents - Marat's suggestion that Louis' fate be determined by *appel nominal* - - - - - - - Centralization of Power in Jacobins - - Key Characters in the French Revolution Maximilien Robespierre - - Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès - - - - Marie Antoinette - - - Jean-Paul Marat - - - - - Marquis de Lafayette - - - - - Jacques Hébert - - - - - - Georges Danton - - - - 2024-11-18 - Revolutionary Figures, cont. ----------------------------------------- Jacques Pierre Brissot - - - - - - Charlotte Corday - - - - - Olympe de Gouges - - - Jacques-Louis David - - - - - How did the Jacobins end up dominating the political landscape? - - - - - - - - - - Foreign War and Increased Domestic Resistance and Repression - - - - - - 2024-11-20 ---------- Defining Genocide (1948) - - - - - - - Reign of Terror - - - - - - - The Reign of Terror (1792-1794) - - The End of the Girondins - - - - - - - - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. *The Death of Marat* by Jacques Louis David 1793 [Jacques Louis David, The Death of Marat Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hw2_hv439Fg) - - - The Origins of the Reign of Terror - - - - - - 2024-11-25 ---------- Characteristics of the National Convention - - - - - - - - - - - Committee of Public Safety's Consolidation of Power - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The End of Robespierre, the End of the Revolutionary Commune, and the End of the Terror - - - - - - 2024-11-27 ---------- Progression of Governments - - - - - - - - - - - 2024-12-02 - Directory ---------------------- The Thermidorian Reaction and the Directory - - - - - - - - The Directory (1795-1799) - - - - - - - Legislative Branch - - - - - - - Executive Branch - - - - - Napoleon Bonaparte ================== 2024-12-04 ---------- Napoleon Bonaparte - - - - What talents should a person develop to become an effective dictator? How would they develop the skill? Why is the skill necessary? - - - 2024-12-09 ---------- Maps comparing Europe in 1789 and Europe at the height of Napoleon's power in 1810 Group Identity - - - - - - - Napoleon - - - - - - - - - - Napoleon Quotes - - - - - - - - - - - - The Rise of Napoleon Broad Background - - - - I. - - - - II. - - III. - - - IV. - - - - V. - - - Napoleon PBS Documentary 1 of 4 2024-12-11 ---------- Napoleon's Rise - - Background - - Circumstances - - - - - Plans for Conquest - - - - - - - - - - - - - Coup of Brumaire - - Coup of Brumaire Immediate Background - - 1. 2. 3. - An Inside Job - - - - - 1. 2. - - - - 2024-12-16 - Chronology of Napoleon's Rule ------------------------------------------ Napoleon's Policies - - - - Timeline of Napoleon - Rise, Consolidation, and Fall of Napoleon - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Napoleon\'s Domestic Policy Assignment What was the purpose? What was implemented? What benefit was there or what future harm prevented? \*\*This system was the beginning of public education (not universal) Napoleon's Education Policy - - - - The government's domestic policy on education will create a stronger and more capable nation. By introducing lycées, more people will have access to education, ensuring that talent is not wasted. These schools focus on creating a skilled bureaucracy and intelligent citizens who benefit our country. An educated society makes better decisions, helping France grow stronger and preventing the harm caused by ignorance and poor management. Louis XVI and previous monarchs have shown incompetence time and time again, ruling by birthright rather than ability. Their inability to govern wisely led to the turmoil in France, and makes it clear that we need to invest in a system where skill and merit, not privilege, guides our nation. Before, only nobles received education, which limited the talent pool and left many capable people overlooked. With this new system, young men can train in specialized fields, including military preparation. Equality in society is of utmost importance, and these education reforms achieve this ideal by offering educational opportunities to so many people, which was denied under the Old Regime. This reform creates a new generation of skilled professionals based on merit rather than birth and attenuates the longstanding inequality we have endured for centuries. At these lycées, boys will specialize in fields such as medicine, teaching, law, military training, engineering, and administration to prepare them for roles that contribute to the wellbeing of the citizens and the nation. Girls will train in cooking, needlework, child-rearing, and other practical skills to equip them for their roles within the home, which is undoubtedly an important aspect in society. These education reforms are holistic and will make future workers well-rounded, so that all sectors of society in France can flourish and contribute to our country\'s future. Through this, we can build a stronger nation. 2024-12-18 ---------- Napoleon's Actions - - 1. - - 2. 3. - - 4. - - 5. - - 6. - - 7. - - - - - - - Understanding The Napoleonic Empire There were three broad categories to the Napoleonic empire: 1. 2. 3. Only Britain and the Ottoman Empire remained outside Napoleon's control. Napoleon's War Strategies - - - Military and Strategic Developments during the Napoleonic Period 1. 2. - 3. - 4. - 5. 6. - 7. - 8. - 2025-01-06 ---------- Napoleon's Reign - - - - Pragmatism vs. Principle - - Background to the Decline - - - - 1. - - 2. - - 3. - - The Moscow Campaign - - - - - - - - The Moscow Campaign Charles Minard's 1869 Chart of Napoleon's Moscow Campaign 600,000 → 20,000 Serfs In his memoirs written at St. Helena, Napoleon recalled the following experience concerning his return from Russia: Napoleon's Tomb - - Napoleon PBS Documentary 4 of 4 Canada (July 1, 1867) ===================== 2025-01-08 - Chronology of the Growth of Canada ----------------------------------------------- Historical foundations of Canada (broad) vs. French Revolution (narrow) Write down any historical knowledge of Canada you can - - A sovereign country can act independently without external interference A state has authority to govern, coerce, and restrict access to and from a given territory (borders) Indigenous History and Anthropology - - - - Chronology - Growth of Canada - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Readings How Raven Stole Crow's Potlatch The Original Affluent Society by Marshall Sahlins The Origins of American Politics by Bernard Bailyn Trade and Empire by T. Barrow The Stamp Act Crisis by E.S. and H.M. Morgan The Boston Tea Party by B.W. Labaree 2025-01-13 ---------- Culture Clash - - - Indigenous of the Americas vs. Indigenous of Europe - - - - - Zheng He - - First Migrations to Americas - - First Nations of Canada - Earliest Contact - French and English Lay Claims - - - - Samuel de Champlain - - - - Idealogues do not care about the circumstances or their environment How Raven Stole Crow's Potlatch - - In the Time When Animals Could Talk - The Raven's Greed 2025-01-15 ---------- Champlain, the "Father of New France" - - - - - - Port Royal - - - - - - - - New France by 1750 - - - The Fate of the Acadians and New France - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -