DEN015 General Anatomy 1 Long Exam #2 PDF

DEN015: General Anatomy 1 Long Exam # 2- Intro to Anatomy and Back SET A Name:_______________________________ Date:____________________ Program, Yr.,...

DEN015: General Anatomy 1 Long Exam # 2- Intro to Anatomy and Back SET A Name:_______________________________ Date:____________________ Program, Yr., & Section: ________________ I. Multiple Choice: Choose the correct answer from the choices provided. Shade your final answer in the ZipGrade Answer sheet provided. Only one answer sheet per student and STRICTLY NO CHEATING. is the anatomical term for this movement? 1. A Dentistry student is learning about the a. Protraction anatomical position. Which choice explains why it b. Retraction is important to use standard anatomical terms c. Elevation when describing the position of body parts and d. Depression how this standardization improves clinical 6. A basketball player jumps to shoot a basket. communication: Which term describes the movement of a. It ensures consistency and accuracy in extending the ankle joint as they leave the describing anatomical locations, ground? reducing miscommunication. a. Plantarflexion b. It simplifies the language used in b. Dorsiflexion anatomy, making it easier for patients c. Extension to understand. d. Flexion c. It allows for the use of common slang 7. During a yoga class, participants perform a terms, improving patient-dentist movement where they bring their arms rapport. forward and then back to their sides in a d. It permits flexibility in describing continuous circular motion. What term anatomical variations among different describes this movement? individuals. a. Abduction e. It allows the student to sound like a b. Adduction professional during communication. c. Circumduction 2. The anatomical position is characterized by all d. Rotation of the following EXCEPT: 8. A gymnast performs a split leap, spreading a. The body is standing erect. their legs apart in the air. What term b. The feet are together. describes this movement at the hip joint? a. c. The arms are at the sides with palms Flexion facing backward. b. Extension d. The head is facing forward. c. Abduction 3. During an oral examination, a dentist notes d. Adduction swelling on the right side of the patient's 9. During a soccer match, a player kicks the ball tongue. Discuss how you would describe the by swinging their leg forward from the hip. swelling's position relative to the tongue's Which term describes this movement? a. midline: Flexion a. The swelling is medial to the tongue. b. Extension b. The swelling is lateral to the tongue's c. Abduction midline d. Adduction c. The swelling is proximal to the tongue 10. A basketball player jumps to shoot a basket, d. The swelling is distal to the tongue's he lands on the lateral side of his ankle, midline. turning his foot inward. What term describes 4. A dentist observes that a patient's mandible movement of the ankle joint? moves backward when closing the mouth. a. Inversion Which term describes this backward b. Eversion movement of the mandible? c. Pronation a. Protraction d. Supination b. Retraction c. Elevation d. Depression 5. A dentist instructs a patient to move their jaw 1 forward to check for any misalignment. What  DEN015: General Anatomy 1 Long Exam # 2- Intro to Anatomy and Back SET A movement, while stabilizer muscles 11. A dentistry student is about to enter the maintain posture. classroom. She takes the doorknob and twists d. Synergist muscles oppose the action of it open to enter. What term describes the prime movers, while stabilizer muscles movement of her forearm, ending with her assist in stabilizing adjacent joints palms facing upward? 17. Define the term "prime mover" in relation to a. Inversion muscle function. b. Eversion a. A muscle that stabilizes a joint during c. Pronation movement. d. Supination b. A muscle that opposes the action of 12. A radiologist identifies a tumor located another muscle. behind the heart in a patient's chest X-ray. c. A muscle primarily responsible for What term describes the position of this producing a specific movement. tumor relative to the heart? d. A muscle that provides structural a. Anterior support to bones. b. Posterior 18. When naming a skeletal muscle, which of the c. Superior following aspects is typically considered? a. d. Inferior Its blood supply 13. During a surgical procedure, a doctor b. Its function during movement identifies a nerve located just beneath the c. Its genetic composition skin's surface in the patient's forearm. What d. Its nerve innervation term describes the position of this nerve 19. Which type of joint allows for rotation around relative to the skin? its axis, such as the joint between the first a. Anterior and second vertebrae of the neck? b. Posterior a. Pivot joint c. Superficial b. Synovial joint d. Deep c. Suture joint 14. The ligament that connects adjacent spines is d. Cartilaginous joint the __________; while the ligament that 20. Which of the ff statements are FALSE? a. Veins connects between the tips of adjacent spines are vessels that transport blood back to is the ____________. the heart; many of them possess valves. a. Interspinous ligament; Intertransverse b. Arteries transport blood from the ligament heart and distribute it to the various b. Interspinous ligament; Supraspinous tissues of the body by means of their ligament branches; many of them possess c. Intertransverse ligament; Interspinous valves. ligament c. Capillaries are microscopic vessels in d. Supraspinous ligament; Interspinous the form of a network connecting the ligament arterioles to the venules 15. Explain the role of a "synergist" muscle in d. A portal system is a system of vessels muscle function. interposed between two capillary a. A muscle that assists the prime mover beds. in performing a movement. 21. Which of the ff is NOT a lymphatic organ or b. A muscle that contracts to resist the tissue? movement of a prime mover. a. Spleen c. A muscle that stabilizes a joint to b. Lymph Nodes prevent unwanted movement. c. Thymus d. A muscle that provides cushioning d. Thyroid around a joint. 22. Which type of bone is roughly cuboidal in 16. Explain how the roles of synergist and shape and is composed of cancellous bone? a. stabilizer muscles differ in muscle function. Irregular Bone a. Synergist muscles assist in movement, while b. Sesamoid Bone stabilizer muscles prevent movement. c. Short Bones b. Synergist muscles initiate movement, d. Flat Bones while stabilizer muscles support joints. 2 c. Synergist muscles contract to produce  DEN015: General Anatomy 1 Long Exam # 2- Intro to Anatomy and Back SET A c. Vertebral body 23. Which of the ff statements is FALSE? a. The d. Vertebral foramen tubular shaft of a long bone is called the 31. Which pair of processes on a vertebra serves diaphysis. as attachment points for muscles and ligaments b. The shaft contains a central cavity that support the vertebral column? containing bone marrow. a. Spinous and transverse processes c. The outer part of the shaft is b. Articular and transverse processes composed of cancellous bone that is c. Articular and spinous processes covered by periosteum d. Vertebral body and pedicles d. The epiphysis refers to the ends of the 32. Which of the following characteristics is a long bone. feature of a typical cervical vertebrae? a. The 24. Which division of the nervous system controls body is kidney sized and broad from side to side involuntary activities such as heart rate and b. The vertebral foramen is small and digestion? triangular a. Somatic nervous system c. The spines are small and bifid b. Central nervous system d. Costal facets are present on the sides of c. Autonomic nervous system the bodies for articulation with the d. Peripheral nervous system heads of the ribs 25. Where are the cell bodies of sensory fibers 33. Which of the following characteristics is NOT located in relation to the spinal nerves? a. a feature of a typical thoracic vertebrae? a. Anterior root The body is medium size and heart shaped. b. Posterior root ganglion b. The vertebral foramen is small and c. Gray matter circular. d. Cauda equina c. The spines are long and inclined 26. Which part of the nervous system is downward. responsible for controlling voluntary activities d. The transverse processes are long and such as walking and speaking? slender. a. Autonomic nervous system 34. Which vertebrae have spinous processes that b. Central nervous system are short, flat, project posteriorly, c. Somatic nervous system quadrangular and resemble a hatchet? a. d. Peripheral nervous system Sacral vertebrae 27. Which nerve plexus is primarily responsible b. Coccygeal Vertebrae for innervating the muscles and skin of the c. Thoracic Vertebrae shoulder, arm, and hand? d. Lumbar Vertebrae a. Brachial plexus 35. Which atypical cervical vertebrae contains a b. Sacral plexus peglike process that projects from the c. Cervical plexus superior surface of the body? d. Lumbar plexus a. Vertebra Prominence 28. Which feature of the vertebral column b. Atlas contributes most to its flexibility and c. Axis shock-absorbing capability? d. C1 a. The fusion of the sacral vertebrae 36. Head flexion and extension happens at the b. The presence of intervertebral discs _______ joint; while head rotation happens c. The protection of the spinal nerves at the ________ joint. d. The attachment to the pelvic girdle a. Sternoclavicular; Acromioclavicular 29. Which region of the vertebral column b. Acromioclavicular; Sternoclavicular contains vertebrae that are characterized by c. Atlantoaxial; Atlanto-occipital the presence of costal facets for articulation d. Atlanto-occipital; Atlantoaxial with ribs? 37. The joints between two vertebral arches a. Lumbar vertebrae consist of synovial joints between the b. Thoracic vertebrae superior and inferior articular processes of c. Cervical vertebrae adjacent vertebrae. Which of the ff ligament d. Sacral vertebrae runs between the tips of adjacent spines? 30. Which component of a vertebra provides a. Supraspinous ligament protection and a passageway for the spinal b. Interspinous ligament cord and its coverings? 3 a. Spinous process b. Transverse processes  DEN015: General Anatomy 1 Long Exam # 2- Intro to Anatomy and Back SET A membrane directly attached to the spinal c. Intertransverse ligament cord with thickened areas forming the d. Ligamentum Flavum ligamentum denticulatum. Which membrane 38. Which structure found in between vertebral is this, and what is the function of the bodies extends from C2 to the sacrum? a. ligamentum denticulatum? Membrana Tectoria a. Dura Mater; Provides protection b. Ligamentum Nuchae b. Arachnoid Mater; Barrier for c. Intervertebral Discs cerebrospinal fluid d. Ligamentum Flavum c. Pia Mater; Stabilizes and suspends the 39. Which of the following statements about the spinal cord curves in the vertebral column is FALSE? a. In the d. Epineurium; Encases nerve fibers 45. What fetus, the vertebral column has one continuous anatomical structures allow cerebrospinal fluid to anterior concavity enter the bloodstream? a. Foramina of Monro b. As development proceeds, the b. Choroid plexuses lumbosacral angle appears. c. Arachnoid villi c. After birth, when the child is able to d. Filum terminale raise his or her head and keep it 46. To what level does the spinal part of the poised on the vertebral column by subarachnoid space extend? muscular activity, the cervical part of a. T12 the vertebral column becomes b. L2 concave posteriorly c. S2 d. In the adult standing position, the d. C7 cervical is anteriorly concave; thoracic 47. Where is cerebrospinal fluid primarily is anteriorly convex; lumbar is formed? anteriorly concave; and sacral is a. Subarachnoid space anteriorly convex b. Choroid plexuses in the brain's 40. These muscles make up the erector spinae, ventricles EXCEPT: c. Superior sagittal sinus a. Iliocostalis d. Spinal canal b. Spinalis 48. The vertebral column has __ cervical c. Semispinales vertebrae, __ thoracic vertebrae, __Sacral d. Longissimus vertebrae, and __ coccygeal vertebrae: a. 8, 41. What structure is the terminal end of the 12, 5, 4, 1 spinal cord, which typically occurs at the L1 b. 7, 12,7, 1, 1 vertebral level in the average adult? c. 7, 12, 5, 5, 4 a. Filum Terminale d. 8, 12, 5, 1, 1 b. Spinal Nerve 49. This structure connects the anatomic bridge c. Cauda Equina between the dorsal spinal elements and the d. Conus Medullaris vertebral body. 42. A surgeon performing a spinal surgery a. Vertebral arch encounters the outermost membrane b. Pedicle enclosing the spinal cord and cauda equina. c. Lamina Which membrane is this? d. Spinous process a. Dura Mater 50. Which feature of cervical vertebrae allows the b. Arachnoid Mater passage of the vertebral artery, and why is it c. Pia Mater clinically important? d. Epineurium a. Foramen transversarium; It provides 43. In the same surgery, the surgeon must avoid blood supply to the brain. causing a cerebrospinal fluid leak. Which b. Bifid spinous processes; It increases membrane must the surgeon be cautious of muscle attachment. damaging to prevent this, and what is the c. Large vertebral foramen; It protects the space filled with cerebrospinal fluid that lies spinal cord. between this membrane and the pia mater? d. Small, broad body; It supports weight. a. Dura Mater; Extradural Space b. Arachnoid Mater; Subarachnoid Space c. Pia Mater; Subdural Space d. Epineurium; Epidural Space 44. The Surgeon also observes a vascular 4