Coronary Artery Calcium Score - ICVT411 PDF

Coronary artery calcium score ICVT411 Invasive Cardiovascular Technology. Collage of Applied Medical Sciences. King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences. Introduction Almost 50% of patients who have MI they are not aware that they are...

Coronary artery calcium score ICVT411 Invasive Cardiovascular Technology. Collage of Applied Medical Sciences. King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences. Introduction Almost 50% of patients who have MI they are not aware that they are at risk Coronary artery calcium score is a good predictor for coronary artery diseases Coronary artery calcium is an indication of atherosclerosis Early treatment with statins can be started Coronary artery calcium (CAC) Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring (CAC) is a technique of measuring the amount of calcium in the coronary arteries using ECG- gated non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan of the heart. Its main clinical application is to predict the risk of a future cardiac event in an asymptomatic individual in the setting of primary prevention. The scan acquisition is relatively quick (less than 10 seconds), has low radiation exposure with no contrast Coronary angio calcification The calcium scale The calcium scale is a linear scale with 4 calcium score categories: 0 none 1–99 mild 100–400 moderate >400 severe Calcium scale CAC=0: very low risk of death (< 1% at 10 years) CAC=1-100: low risk of death (< 10% at 10 years) CAC=101-400: intermediate risk of death (10-20% at 10 years) CAC >400: high risk of death (>20% at 10 years) Total Agatston score The total Agatston score is the sum of all calcifications in the coronary arteries in the scan The Agatston score is a widely used scoring method and largely accepted. However, this scoring method is not always accurate and reproducible. 2010 ACCF/AHA Guidelines for assessment of cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic adults. Five-Year Mortality Rates in Framingham Risk Subsets by Coronary Calcium Score  A large study of 9715 patients in Tennessee, USA with the longest follow-up period of 15 years has recently been published. The all-cause mortality rate at 15 years according to CAC results are as follows: CAC 0: 3%, CAC 1-100: 6-9%, CAC 101-399: 14%, CAC 400-999: 21%, CAC ≥ 1000: 28%. CAC procedure limitation Rapid (>80 bpm) and irregular HR High calcium scores (>800-1000) Stents Small vessels (