Apple International School Foundation Stage Science Quiz Guide PDF

Apple International School Foundation Stage Science Quiz Guide Body parts & their function Eyes are like windows to the world! They let you see colors, shapes, and movement. The colored part of your eye is called the iris. Ears help you hear sounds, music, and voices. The outer part catc...

Apple International School Foundation Stage Science Quiz Guide Body parts & their function Eyes are like windows to the world! They let you see colors, shapes, and movement. The colored part of your eye is called the iris. Ears help you hear sounds, music, and voices. The outer part catches sound, and then tiny parts inside help send the sound to your brain. Your mouth helps you eat, talk, and smile. You have 20 baby teeth, which will eventually fall out to make room for 32 adult teeth! You have four types of teeth, each with a special job! Incisors (the front teeth) cut food, canines (the pointy ones) tear food, and molars and premolars crush and grind food. Teeth are very strong—stronger than bone! They’re covered by enamel, which is the hardest substance in the human body. Like fingerprints, everyone has a unique pattern on their teeth, called toothprints, which can be used to identify someone. Hands and fingers help you grab, hold, and feel. Your fingerprints make you unique because no one else has the same ones! Skin covers and protects your entire body. It’s your largest organ, and it helps you feel things like temperature and texture. Skin also heals itself if you get a cut. Your fingernails and toenails are made of a strong material called keratin, like your hair. They help protect your fingers and toes. Eyebrows keep sweat out of your eyes, and eyelashes help protect your eyes from dust and dirt. Your heart is a powerful muscle that pumps blood all over your body. It beats about 100,000 times a day without you even thinking about it! Your heart is about the size of your fist! Even though it's small, it works very hard every day to keep you healthy. The heart has four parts, called chambers. There are two on the top and two on the bottom, working together to keep blood moving. The heart is made of a special muscle called cardiac muscle. This muscle is super strong and never gets tired, even though it works all day and night. Some animals have really big hearts! A blue whale’s heart is the size of a small car, and it beats only a few times per minute. Your lungs help you breathe in oxygen from the air and breathe out carbon dioxide. They look like two spongy bags that fill up when you take a deep breath. Your brain is like the boss of your body. It controls everything you do, like thinking, talking, feeling, and moving. It’s protected by your skull! Eating healthy foods like fruits, vegetables, nuts, and fish can help keep your brain strong and sharp. The brain can store a huge amount of information. Some scientists say the brain can store more than 2.5 million gigabytes of memory—that’s a lot of space for fun memories! Your brain has two sides, called hemispheres. The left side helps with things like math, science, and language, while the right side is more about creativity and imagination. You have 206 bones in your body that make up your skeleton. Bones give your body shape and protect your organs. Did you know? When you were a baby, you had about 300 bones, but some fused as you grew! Muscles help you move. There are over 600 muscles in your body, and they work with your bones to help you run, play, and even smile! Your stomach is where food goes after you eat. It mixes up the food with juices to help break it down so your body can use it for energy. Your kidneys are two bean-shaped organs that clean your blood and help your body get rid of extra water and waste. Senses Sight (Vision) 1. Eyes Are Like Cameras: Your eyes work like cameras, capturing light and sending pictures to your brain so you can see. 2. Colours and Light: We see colours because of light. Without light, everything would look dark. 3. Blinking Protects Your Eyes: We blink to keep our eyes moist and clean. On average, you blink about 15-20 times a minute! 4. Unique Eyes: Your eye colour is unique to you! It depends on the amount of melanin, a pigment that makes eyes blue, green, or brown. 5. Animals See Differently: Some animals, like owls, can see better at night, while others, like eagles, can see very far distances. Hearing (Auditory Sense) 1. Sound Travels in Waves: We hear because sound travels in waves, which are picked up by our ears and sent to our brains. 2. Ears Help with Balance: Besides hearing, our ears help us keep our balance. The inner ear has tiny structures that sense motion. 3.Tiny Ear Bones: The three smallest bones in your body (the hammer, anvil, and stirrup) are in your ear and help you hear. 4.Hearing While Sleeping: Your ears keep working while you sleep, which is why loud sounds can wake you up. 5.Different Frequencies: Humans can’t hear all sounds. Dogs, for example, can hear higher sounds that are too high-pitched for us! Smell (Olfactory Sense) 1.Thousands of Smells: Humans can recognize around 1 trillion different smells! 2.Smell and Memory: The part of the brain that processes smells is close to the part that processes memories, which is why certain smells can bring back memories. 3.Smell and Taste Are Connected: Your sense of smell affects your sense of taste. When you have a stuffy nose, food doesn’t taste as strong! 4.Nose Filters Air: Your nose filters out dust and germs, making the air cleaner when it enters your body. 5.Animals and Smell: Some animals have an incredible sense of smell. Dogs, for example, can smell things that are buried or far away. Taste 1. Taste Buds on Your Tongue: Taste buds are tiny bumps on your tongue that help you taste food. There are around 8,000-10,000 taste buds in your mouth! 2. Five Main Tastes: There are five basic tastes—sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami (savoury). Each one helps us recognize different flavours. 3. Taste Buds Change: As you grow, your taste buds change. That’s why you might like foods now that you didn’t like when you were younger. 4. Taste and Smell Work Together: Taste and smell work closely, which is why food has less flavour when you can’t smell it. 5. Fish Taste with Their Skin: Some animals taste differently! Fish have taste buds on their skin, allowing them to "taste" the water around them. Touch (Tactile Sense) 1.Touch Receptors: Your skin has thousands of tiny sensors called receptors that help you feel things like heat, cold, pressure, and pain. 2.Most Sensitive Areas: The tips of your fingers and lips are some of the most sensitive areas of your body because they have more touch receptors. 3.Pain Is a Warning: Pain helps protect you by letting you know when something might hurt you, like a sharp object or a hot stove. 4.Different Touch Textures: Your skin can sense different textures, like rough, smooth, soft, and bumpy, which helps you understand the things you touch. 5.Animals and Touch: Many animals use touch to communicate, like cats that nuzzle and dogs that lick or nudge. Water  About 71% of Earth’s surface is covered in water, mostly found in oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers. Every living thing needs water to survive. Humans, animals, and plants all rely on water to grow and stay healthy. Water moves through a cycle of evaporation (water turns into vapor), condensation (vapor turns back to water), and precipitation (rain, snow, etc.). This cycle keeps water moving and clean. This is called water cycle  Water can exist as a solid (ice), liquid (water), or gas (steam). It’s one of the few substances on Earth that naturally appears in all three forms. Only about 3% of Earth’s water is freshwater, and less than 1% of that is accessible for drinking. The rest is trapped in glaciers or underground. Humans need to drink about 8 glasses (around 2 liters) of water daily to stay hydrated, although this can vary by age, size, and activity level.  Around 60% of the human body is made up of water. The brain is about 75% water, and even bones contain around 30% water! Pure water has no taste or smell, but it can taste different depending on the minerals it contains, like in spring water. Drinking enough water helps keep your brain working well, gives you energy, and keeps your skin healthy. About 97% of all the water on Earth is salty ocean water, which we can’t drink without desalination (removing salt).  Plants absorb water through their roots, which travels up to their leaves. This helps plants grow, and they release some of this water into the air through tiny openings in their leaves. When water freezes, it expands. That’s why ice floats in water, making frozen lakes safer for underwater life because the ice stays on top. Some jellyfish are made up of 95% water! That’s why they look so clear and jiggly.  The Nile River in Africa and the Amazon River in South America both claim the title of the longest river in the world, depending on how they’re measured! A dripping faucet can waste about 3,000 gallons of water a year! Fixing leaks helps conserve water. Some places recycle water through advanced filtering processes, turning wastewater into clean, drinkable water. Everything we use, from food to clothes, has a "water footprint," meaning it takes water to produce.