Science Practice Questions PDF

A mixture in which particles are large enough to settle out is called a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Suspension A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a mixture in which particles are too small to settle but scatter light. Colloid The force that resists motion between two touching surfaces is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\...

A mixture in which particles are large enough to settle out is called a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Suspension A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a mixture in which particles are too small to settle but scatter light. Colloid The force that resists motion between two touching surfaces is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Friction A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a push or pull exerted on an object. Force A force that opposes motion through air is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Air resistance The force pulling objects toward Earth is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Gravity The measure of the amount of matter in an object is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Mass A measure of the gravitational force acting on an object is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Weight What is the difference between a mixture and a compound? A mixture is a combination of substances that are not chemically bonded, while a compound consists of elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio. How does a centrifuge separate a mixture? It separates components based on their densities by spinning rapidly, causing denser materials to settle at the bottom. Why is water called the \"universal solvent\"? Because it dissolves more substances than any other liquid. How does increasing temperature affect the solubility of most solids in water? It usually increases solubility, allowing more solute to dissolve. What is the purpose of a control variable in an experiment? To ensure that only the independent variable affects the results. What is the law of universal gravitation? It states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. How does air resistance affect falling objects? It slows them down, with greater resistance acting on objects with larger surface areas. Why does a hot-air balloon rise? Heated air inside the balloon is less dense than the surrounding air, creating an upward buoyant force. What causes friction between two surfaces? Microscopic roughness on the surfaces that interlock and resist motion. How do you calculate concentration? By dividing the mass of solute by the volume of solvent (g/mL). Archimedes' principle states that the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid. Buoyant A fast-moving fluid exerts \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ pressure than a slow-moving fluid. Less \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the forward force that moves an aircraft through the air. Thrust The upward force that opposes gravity on an aircraft is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Lift Pascal's principle states that a fluid in equilibrium exerts \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ pressure in all directions. Equal The force that resists the motion of objects moving through a fluid is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Drag A machine makes work easier by changing the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ or direction of the force applied. Size The mechanical advantage of a machine is the ratio of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ force to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ force. Output, Input A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a simple machine that consists of a wheel and a rope, chain, or belt. Pulley An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder is called a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Screw The energy an object has due to its motion is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ energy. Kinetic The total energy of motion and position of an object is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ energy. Mechanical The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Photosynthesis A closed system is one in which no \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is transferred in or out. Energy The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ or \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, only transformed. Created, Destroyed A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ resource is one that can be replaced as quickly as it is used. Renewable The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a liquid or gas is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Convection The measure of how much energy is required to raise the temperature of a substance is called its \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Specific Heat A substance that reduces the transfer of heat is called a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Thermal Insulator The temperature at which the motion of particles theoretically stops is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Absolute Zero What is Bernoulli's principle? It states that as the speed of a moving fluid increases, its pressure decreases. Why do gliders need larger wings than jet planes? Gliders have no engines and rely on air currents, so they need large wings to generate enough lift. What does Pascal's principle say about pressure in a fluid? Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions.