Science Revision Questions: Matter, Elements, and Mixtures

The study of matter and energy is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Physical Science A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a possible explanation for a set of observations. Hypothesis The three states of matter are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Solid, Liquid, Gas The measur...

The study of matter and energy is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Physical Science A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a possible explanation for a set of observations. Hypothesis The three states of matter are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Solid, Liquid, Gas The measure of the amount of matter in an object is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Mass The force of gravity acting on an object is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Weight The change from a liquid to a gas is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Evaporation The process in which a solid changes directly into a gas is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Sublimation The amount of space an object occupies is called its \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Volume The ability of a substance to be hammered into sheets is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Malleability A substance made up of only one kind of atom is called an \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Element The law stating that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction is called the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Law of Conservation of Mass The basic unit of an element that retains its properties is called an \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Atom The process by which a gas changes to a liquid is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Condensation A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined. Mixture The process of breaking down a compound into simpler substances using heat or electricity is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Decomposition The ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Solubility A chemical reaction in which energy is released, often as heat, is called an \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ reaction. Exothermic The study of the composition, structure, and properties of substances is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Chemistry The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid is its \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Melting Point The state of matter that has no definite shape and no definite volume is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Gas What is the difference between a chemical change and a physical change? A chemical change results in a new substance being formed, while a physical change alters the form or appearance of a substance without changing its composition. How does increasing temperature affect the motion of gas particles? It increases their energy, causing them to move faster and spread further apart. Why does a can of regular soda sink while a can of diet soda floats in water? Regular soda is denser than water, while diet soda has a lower density due to artificial sweeteners, making it float. What property of a liquid allows insects to walk on water? Surface tension, which creates a film-like layer on the surface of the liquid. How do scientists use controlled experiments to test hypotheses? They change only one variable at a time while keeping all other factors constant to isolate the effects of the variable being tested. What happens to water molecules when they freeze? They slow down and arrange themselves into a fixed, structured pattern, forming ice. Explain why a helium balloon expands when heated. As temperature increases, the helium particles move faster and spread out, increasing the volume of the balloon. How can the mass of an object remain constant, but its weight change? Mass remains constant, but weight depends on gravity, which varies depending on location, such as on Earth vs. the Moon. Why do metals conduct electricity better than nonmetals? Metals have free electrons that move easily, allowing electrical current to flow efficiently. What are two ways mixtures can be separated? Filtration (separating solids from liquids) and evaporation (removing a liquid to leave behind dissolved substances). The process of separating a mixture based on boiling points is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Distillation A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ separates mixtures by the densities of their components. Centrifuge A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ can be used to separate iron from aluminum in a mixture. Magnet A compound is made of elements in a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ratio. Fixed A mixture does not have a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ratio of components. Fixed A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a homogeneous mixture where particles are evenly spread. Solution In a solution, the substance present in the largest amount is called the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Solvent The ability of a substance to dissolve in another is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Solubility A \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a solid solution of metals, like brass or bronze. Alloy The amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Concentration A solution with a small amount of solute is called a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ solution. Dilute A solution with a large amount of solute is called a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ solution. Concentrated