Social Science Study PDF

Social Science -how societies work \- academic group of disciplines dedicated to examine human behavior, particularly, how individuals interact w/ each other, behave, develop as a culture and influence the world. \- is about SOCIETY and CULTURE Findings in Social Science/Studies are used in; -...

Social Science -how societies work \- academic group of disciplines dedicated to examine human behavior, particularly, how individuals interact w/ each other, behave, develop as a culture and influence the world. \- is about SOCIETY and CULTURE Findings in Social Science/Studies are used in; - Urban design - Public policies - Marketing strategies - Education programs 3 Main Classes of Social Science; 1. Pure Social Science 2. Semi Social Science 3. Science with social implications Social Science is scientific as it uses scientific method. Scientific Method- orderly way of solving problems Main goal of social science is to improve CIVIC COMPETENCE, the ability to make sound, informed and well rounded decisions. Science -a systematically organized body of knowledge on a particular subject. -from latin word "scientia" meaning knowledge. "Scire" means **know** Man as an individual- has body, soul, and mind Man in society- each has roles they play in society Social Science Giants/Thinkers - Ibn Khaldun- Father of Social Science - Adam Smith- Father of modern Economics - Auguste Comite- Father of Sociology -developed positivism. He believed society progresses through theological, metaphysical, and positive stages - John Lock- states that knowledge comes from sensory experience. -stated that legitimate government is based on social contract to protect human rights (life, liberly, property) - Thomas Hobbies- stated that life would be chaotic without a strong central authority -believed people would give up some freedom to a sovereign for security and order - Baron de Montesquieu- created "The Spirit of the Law", which argued for the separation of powers into; legislative, executive, and judicial. This is to safeguard political liberty, balance governance, and prevent tyranny. - Giambattista Vico- proposed history as a cyclical process of divine, heroic, and human stages. And that societies evolve through these phases, a reflection of universal pattern. - 3 Principal Architect of sociology and Modern Social Science - David Emile Durkheim- argued that society stays stable when people share common beliefs and values (collective consciousness) and when individuals are connected to social institutions like family, religion, and education. \- Man needs unity and direction, or else suicide in considered. - Karl Marx- focused on class struggle and economic systems. He argued that capitalist (bourgeoisie) exploits workers (prolitarians), leading to revolutions. - Max Weber- analyzed rationalization and bureaucracy. He believed rational legal authority ensures efficient governance. -Studied social classes and social struggles.