RPH Intro Lesson1.pdf

READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY MEANINGS AND SOURCES OF HISTORY MARK ANTHONY E. JAVIER, MSc, CHRA, LPT  Learning Objectives To understand the meaning of history as an academic discipline and to be familiar with the underlying philosophy and methodology of th...

READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY MEANINGS AND SOURCES OF HISTORY MARK ANTHONY E. JAVIER, MSc, CHRA, LPT  Learning Objectives To understand the meaning of history as an academic discipline and to be familiar with the underlying philosophy and methodology of the discipline. To apply the knowledge in historical methodology and philosophy in assessing and analyzing existing historical narratives. To examine and assess critically the value of historical evidences and sources To appreciate the importance of history in the social and national life of the Philippines.  Definition of History Greek word “historia”: knowledge acquired through inquiry or investigation. Also known as study of the past.  Definition of History It informs the present generations of the events that happened in the past. Martial law How do Filipinos gained their independence - People power  Definition of History History developed as a discipline as old as mathematics or sciences (liberal arts) From the types of government: Monarchs, democracy, dictatorship,  Definition of History Question: Is it important to study or to know our past? Why or why not?  Historiography “history of history” Why are we studying history? (Perspective) For whom are we studying history? (Subjectivity) How was history written? (Context)  Historiography The history as written by the ilustrados were more Filipino-centric, compared to the imperialist-oriented versions by American or Spanish historians.  historiography Positivism: required empirical and observational evidence before one can claim a particular knowledge as truth. Postcolonialism: retelling of history from the fringes of colonial history and beyond imperialist notions  the historian It is the job of the historian to give meaning to these facts and organize them into a timeline, establish causes, and write history. Historians, while objective and rigorous, are also subject to their unconscious biases.  historiography Historical methodology-comprises certain techniques and rules that historians follow.  the historian Annales School of History: were concerned with social history and studied longer historical periods. In effect, “marrying” history with fields like geography, anthropology, archaeology, and linguistics.  historical sources Primary sources: produced at the same time as the event studied. (e.g.) first-hand diaries, journals, interviews and oral narratives  historical sources Secondary sources: historical study by an author who used primary sources (e.g.) text/books, scholarly articles  historical sources Are the following primary/secondary sources? Literature? Primary sources, as long as they are of historical significance to a specific era, or they are representative to the time’s culture and customs  historical sources Are the following primary/secondary sources? Commentaries (Opinions/Editorials)? Primary sources, as long as they are of historical significance, or presented a significant argument to their contemporaries  historical sources External criticism: practice of verifying the authenticity of historical evidence by examining its physical characteristics  historical sources Internal criticism: examination of the truthfulness (context, agenda, etc.) of the evidence.  historiography Pantayong pananaw: highlights the importance of facilitating and internal conversation and discourse among Filipinos about our own history (Zeus Salazar) End of lecture Get ¼ sheet of paper  Quiz no. 1 History comes from the 1. ________ word 2. ________ which means knowledge acquired through inquiry or investigation.  Quiz no. 1 3. ________ is a term used to described the educated, upper-and-middle-class creoles and mestizos from the Philippines.  Quiz no. 1 4. Below are the members of illustrados who are educated, upper-and-middle-class creoles and mestizos from the Philippines. a. Jose Rizal b. Marcelo H. Del Pilar c. Joaquin Bordado d. Antonio Luna  Quiz no. 1 5. The job of the __________ to give meaning to these facts and organize them into a timeline, establish causes, and write history.  Definition of History Question: Is it important to study or to know our past? Why or why not?