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Questions and Answers
What does the Greek word 'historia' signify in the context of history?
Which of the following definitions best encapsulates the importance of studying history?
What is one of the primary concerns of the Annales School of History?
In historiography, which term refers to the retelling of history from colonial fringes and beyond imperialist notions?
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Which of the following best describes primary sources in historical research?
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Which of the following is considered a primary source in historical research?
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What is the role of external criticism in historical research?
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What significance do commentaries hold as primary sources?
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Which term describes the educated upper-and-middle-class Filipino elites during a specific historical period?
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What is primarily the job of a historian?
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Study Notes
Defining History
- History, derived from the Greek word "historia," signifies knowledge obtained through inquiry or investigation.
- It's the study of the past, informing present generations about past events.
- History, as an academic discipline, is as old as mathematics and sciences (liberal arts).
Historiography: The Study of History's Writing
- Historiography examines why, for whom, and how history is written, highlighting perspectives, subjectivity, and context.
- Ilustrado-centric histories contrast with imperialist-oriented versions by Spanish or American historians.
- Positivism emphasizes empirical evidence for historical claims.
- Postcolonialism reinterprets history from marginalized perspectives, challenging colonial narratives.
The Historian's Role
- Historians organize facts into timelines, establish causal relationships, and write history.
- While striving for objectivity, historians are susceptible to unconscious biases.
- The Annales School integrated history with other disciplines like geography, anthropology, and linguistics, focusing on social history and long-term historical periods.
Historical Sources
- Primary Sources: Created at the time of the event (e.g., diaries, journals, interviews). Include historically significant literature and commentaries if relevant to the era and its culture.
- Secondary Sources: Interpretations of the past using primary sources (e.g., textbooks, scholarly articles).
Source Criticism
- External Criticism: Verifying the authenticity of a source by examining its physical characteristics.
- Internal Criticism: Assessing the truthfulness of a source by considering its context, author's agenda, etc.
Pantayong Pananaw
- This Filipino perspective, championed by Zeus Salazar, emphasizes internal conversations and discourse among Filipinos about their own history.
Quiz Questions (Examples)
- History originates from the Greek word "historia."
- Ilustrados were educated, upper-and-middle-class creoles and mestizos from the Philippines (e.g., Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Joaquin Bordado, Antonio Luna).
- The historian's role is to give meaning to historical facts, organize them, and create a narrative.
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Description
This quiz explores the key concepts of historiography, including the various perspectives and contexts that shape historical narratives. It examines the historian's role in organizing facts and the influences of different historical schools on the interpretation of the past.
