Robotics Final Notes PDF

# Introduction to Robotics ## Definition of Robots: - Robots are programmable machines capable of carrying out tasks automatically or under human control. - Some mimic human actions, while others focus on functionality over aesthetics. ## Core Aspects of Robotics: - Integrates sensors (perceptio...

# Introduction to Robotics ## Definition of Robots: - Robots are programmable machines capable of carrying out tasks automatically or under human control. - Some mimic human actions, while others focus on functionality over aesthetics. ## Core Aspects of Robotics: - Integrates sensors (perception), actuators (movement), and control systems (decision-making). - Applications span industries like manufacturing, healthcare, agriculture, and space exploration. ## Classification of Robots - **Autonomous Robots:** Operate independently using AI and sensor inputs (e.g., robotic vacuums). - **Mobile Robots:** Navigate environments but may need programming or control (e.g., drones, robotic cars). - **Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs):** Combine mobility and autonomy for independent navigation and task completion. ## Applications of Robots ### 1) Industrial #### Applications: - **Assembly Lines:** Improve efficiency and output by automating product assembly. - **Welding:** Robotic arms perform precision welding. - **Painting and Coating:** Ensure even application while protecting humans from hazardous materials. - **Material Handling:** Robots move, sort, and store goods efficiently. - **Quality Control:** Automated systems inspect for defects, ensuring consistent standards. - **Packaging:** Speed up packing operations for consistency. - **Palletizing:** Robots stack goods on pallets for shipping. ### 2) Space Exploration #### Applications: - **Rovers like Perseverance** analyze planetary surfaces. - **Robotic arms** assist with satellite maintenance and sample collection. ### 3) Healthcare #### Applications: - **Surgical robots** enable precision in minimally invasive procedures. - **Robotic exoskeletons** support mobility during rehabilitation. - **Telepresence robots** allow remote consultations. - **Robots** automate medication dispensing and hospital logistics. ## Robots in Specialized Sectors ### 1) Agriculture #### Applications: - **Precision farming**, automated harvesting, and soil management. - **Drones** monitor crops and manage livestock. ### 2) Military #### Applications: - **Drones** for surveillance and combat operations. - **Robots** handle bomb disposal and search-and-rescue tasks. ### 3) Households #### Applications: - **Devices like robotic vacuums, mowers, and cooking robots** simplify daily chores. ### 4) Construction #### Applications: - **Robots** 3D print buildings and perform bricklaying with accuracy. ### 5) Education #### Applications: - **Educational robots** teach STEM concepts and coding. ## Key Components of Robots - **Actuators**: Devices that enable motion, using electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic power. - **Sensors**: Gather data for environmental awareness and decision-making. - **Controllers**: Process inputs and direct actuators to execute tasks. - **End Effectors**: Tools at a robot’s arm end, like grippers or welding devices. ## Advantages of Robots - Increased efficiency and productivity. - Enhanced safety by automating hazardous tasks. - Improved quality through precision and consistency.