Rivers & Tributaries PDF

 Indian Rivers Brahmaputra River System Godavari River Indus River System Krishna River Ganga River System Kaveri River Narmada & Tapti River Maha...

 Indian Rivers Brahmaputra River System Godavari River Indus River System Krishna River Ganga River System Kaveri River Narmada & Tapti River Mahanadi River  Brahmaputra River System Origin - Chemayungdung Glacier near Mansarovar lake (Kailash Range, Tibet) Discharge – Bay of Bengal Turns southward near Namcha – Barwa ( U Turn ) Flows Through Tibet ( China) , India, Bangladesh, and Total length - 2880 km, and 1625 km of it lies in the Tibet region, and It flows for 916 kilometres in India. Region Name Tibet Tsangpo (meaning ‘The Purifier’) Yarlung Zangbo Jiangin China Dihang or Siang Arunanchal Pradesh Jamuna River Bangladesh Padma River: Combined Waters of Ganga and Bangladesh Brahmaputra Bangladesh Meghana: From the confluence of Padma and Meghna Brahmaputra River tributaries S.No Left Bank Tributaries Right Bank Tributaries 1 Siang river Subansiri river 2 Dibang river Kameng river 3 Lohit river Manas river 4 Burhi Dihing river Sankosh river 5 Dhansiri river Raidak river 6 Kopili river Jaldhaka river 7 ---- Teesta river Assam’s Majuli as the largest river island in the world. It has become first island district of India.  Indus River System It originates from Bokharchu Glacier in the Tibetan region in the Kailash Mountain range near the Mansarovar Lake (Tibet) Enters In India through Ladakh Flows through Pakistan , then finally Discharges in Arabian Sea Flows approx. ( 709 / 2880 ) Km in India Left and Right bank tributaries Right-bank tributaries Shyok River, Gilgit river, Hunza river, Swat river, Kunnar river, Kurram river, Gomal River, and Kabul river Left-bank tributaries Zaskar river, Suru river, Soan river, Jhelum River, Chenab River, Ravi River, Beas river, Satluj river, Panjnad river Just above Mithankot, the Indus receives from Panjnad (Panchnad), the accumulated waters of the five eastern tributaries—the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas, and the Satluj.  Important tributaries Origin - Bara Lacha Pass (Himachal) Known as chandra-bhaga in Himachal Chenab Largest tributary of Indus Famous Projects - Duhasti, Baglihar & Salal hydroelectric project  Origin → Verinag Spring (Kashmir) Tributary of Chenab Jhelum Tulbul project  Origin → Kullu hills near Rohtang Pass (Himachal) Ravi Tributary of Chenab Smallest of 5 rivers  Origin → Beas kund near Rohtang Pass, Himachal Tributary of Satluj Beas Only river flowing entirely in India Meet Satluj near Harike (Punjab) Famous Project - Pong Dam  Origin - Rakas lake, Tibet, near Mansarovar Enter Himachal at Shipki La Pass Collects water from Ravi, Chenab, Sutluj Jhelum & Beas to join Indus near Mithalkot (Pak) Famous Projects - Naptha Jhakri Project & Bhakra Nagal Dam with Govind Sagar Reservoir Indus Waters Treaty 1960 1) India got control over the three eastern rivers, which are: Ravi Beas Sutlej 2) Pakistan got control over the three western rivers, which are: Indus Chenab Jhelum The treaty gives India 20% of the water from the Indus River System and the rest 80% to Pakistan. The IWT was signed by the then Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and the then Pakistani President Ayub Khan ( World Bank )  Ganga River System The Ganga originates as Bhagirathi from the Gangotri glacier near Gaumukh in Uttar Kashi District of Uttarakhand at an elevation of 7,010 m. Alaknanda River joins Bhagirathi at Devaprayag ( U.K ) From Devapryag the river is called as Ganga. Length – 2525 KM  Panch Prayag North to South 1) Vishnuprayag = Alaknanda + Dhauli Ganga 2) Nandprayag = Alaknanda + Nandakini 3) Karnaprayag = Alaknanda + Pindar River 4) Rudraprayag = Alaknanda + Mandakini 5) Devprayag = Alaknanda + Bhagirathi It flows through India and Bangladesh and then reaches Bay Of Bengal ( Near Sagar Island) The Ganga river mainly passes through the states of Uttarakhand ,Uttar Pradesh ,Bihar , Jharkhand, and West Bengal. Then it goes across the Indian border into Bangladesh where it merges with the Brahmaputra & Forms largest delta of the world - Ganga–Brahmaputra Delta.  Major Tributaries of the Ganga River Left Tributaries 1. Ramganga – Flows through Corbett National Park. Bareilly city 2.Gomti - Lucknow, Lakhimpur Kheri , Jaunpur 3.Ghaghara Ayodhya, a city in Uttar Pradesh is situated on the banks of the River Sarayu. It is a tributary of River Ghaghara 4. Gandak 5. Kosi - ‘Sorrow of Bihar’. 6. Mahananda  Right Tributaries 1.Yamuna ( Largest Tributary Of Ganga ) - Chambal , Sind , Betwa , Ken , Tons ( Largest Tributary Of Yamuna) Origin - Yamunotri glacier in the Himalayas Merges with River Ganga at at Triveni Sangam, Prayagraj (U.P) Delhi, Agra, Mathura, Allahabad are important cities on its banks. 2. Son  Farakka Barrage is the Easternmost Point Of Ganga in India ( W.B) At Farraka, it bifurcates into 1) Bhagirathi-Hugli ( Distributary) in West Bengal - Flow Into Bay Of Bengal Note - Damodar river joins the Hugli River. Damodar River Known As Sorrow Of Bengal. Damador Valley is Known as “The Ruhr of India”. 2) Ganga in Bangladesh = Padma. Then Further Joins Brahmaputra Padma + Brahmaputra = Known as Meghna  Major Cities located on the river Ganga 1. Haridwar 2. Kanpur 3. Prayagraj 4. Varanasi - Also called Banaras or Kashi. 5. Patna 6. Rishikesh  Godavari River Originates from - Trimbakeshwar, near Nasik in Maharashtra. Drains into – Bay of Bengal Length – 1465 KM Godavari river is known as the Ganga of South India or ' Dakshin Ganga' Passes Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh Left Bank Tributaries: Dharna, Penganga, Wainganga, Wardha, Pranahita , Pench, Kanhan, Sabari, Indravati etc. Right Bank Tributaries: Pravara, Mula, Manjra, Peddavagu, Maner etc. Kumbh Mela also takes place on the banks of the Godavari river in Nashik. Other locations for Kumbh are Ujjain, Haridwar, and Prayagraj.  Important Projects Under Godavari River Polavaram Irrigation Project (Andhra Pradesh) Sriram Sagar Project ( Telangana) Nizam Sagar (Hyderabad - Telangana) Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Project ( Telangana) Note - Hyderabad is located on the Musi River (Tributory Of Krishna)  Krishna River Originates from - Mahabaleshwar in Maharashtra Length Around 1300km Andhra Pradesh Telangana Flows through Maharashtra Karnataka Drains into Bay of Bengal (Andhra Pradesh)  Tributaries Left Bank Right Bank The Bhima The Ghataprabha The Musi The Malaprabha The Munneru The Tungabhadra The Paleru The Koyna Longest tributary - The Bhima (861 KM)  Dams on Krishna 1) Nagarjunasagar Dam ( AP & Telangana ) 2) Srisailam Dam ( AP & Telangana ) 3) Almatti Dam (Karnataka ) 4) Tungabhadra Dam (Karnataka )  Important Cities on Krishna 1) Vijayawada (Largest city on Krishna), 2) Amaravati 3) Hampi, Kurnool is situated on the banks of the Tungabhadra River. Tiger Reserves Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve (AP & Telangana)  Kaveri River Talakaveri located in the Western Ghats Origin Talakaveri is located in Bramahagiri Hills near Madikeri in Kodagu district of Karnataka Kaveri, also referred as Ponni Talakaveri Length 765 kilometre (East Flowing River) Karnataka Tamilnadu Flows through Kerala Pondicherry Drains into Bay of Bengal  Tributaries of the Cauvery River Left Bank Right Bank The Harangi The Lakshmantirtha The Hemavati The Kabini The Shimsha The Suvarnavati, The Bhavani The Arkavati The Amaravati and The Noyil  Dams on kaveri Krishna Raja Sagara Dam ( Kaveri ) - Karnataka Harangi Dam -Karnataka Kallanai (Kaveri ) /Grand Anicut – T.N Kabini Dam - Karnataka Mettur Dam - Kaveri – T.N Amaravati Dam –T.N  Falls on Kaveri 1)Sivasamudram Waterfalls (also Known as Shivanasamudra Falls) - Karnataka  National parks on Kaveri The Cauvery Wildlife Sanctuary - Karnataka Mudumalai National Park – T.N  Narmada River Originates - Amarkantak Hill in Madhya Pradesh state. Drains – Arabian Sea in the Bharuch district of Gujarat. The tributaries of Narmada River are Kolar River, Shakkar River, Dudhi River, Tawa River, and Hiran River. Only the Narmada, the Tapti, and the Mahi rivers run from east to west. Flows through the states of MP, Gujarat, and Maharashtra. Major Hydro Power Project - Maheshwar Dam, Sardar Sarovar Dam, and Indira Gandhi Sagar Dam.  Tapti River Originates – Satpura Range of southern Madhya Pradesh. Discharge – Gulf of Cambay of the Arabian Sea. Tributaries – Waghur River, Aner River, Girna River, Purna River, Panzara River and Bori River.  Mahanadi River Originate - Highlands of the state of Chhattisgarh. River flows through the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha. River Ends in Bay of Bengal (900 km) The tributaries of the Mahanadi River are Mand, Seonath, Ib, Hasdeo, Jonk, Tel, and Ong. Hirakud Dam  Important City Lies on Mahanadi River 1) Raipur 2) Cuttack 3) Sambalpur Note - Paradeep Port (located on the delta of Mahanadi river) Top 10 longest rivers in India Length in Sr. No. River Total Length India (km) (km) 1. Ganga 2525 2525 2. Godavari 1464 1465 3. Krishna 1400 1400 4. Yamuna 1376 1376 5. Narmada 1312 1312 6. Indus 1114 3180 7. Brahmaputra 916 2900 8. Mahanadi 890 890 9. Kaveri 800 800 10. Tapti 724 724