Oral Communication 2nd Quarter Reviewer PDF

ORAL COMMUNICATION 2ND QUARTER REVIEWER Lesson 1: Speech Acts 1. Definition of Speech Acts: o Speech acts are actions performed via speaking, such as making requests, giving commands, making promises, or expressing gratitude. o Proposed by J.L. Austin and...

ORAL COMMUNICATION 2ND QUARTER REVIEWER Lesson 1: Speech Acts 1. Definition of Speech Acts: o Speech acts are actions performed via speaking, such as making requests, giving commands, making promises, or expressing gratitude. o Proposed by J.L. Austin and further developed by John Searle. 2. Types of Speech Acts: o Locutionary Act: The actual act of saying something (literal meaning of the words). ▪ Example: Saying, "It's raining." o Illocutionary Act: The intended meaning or purpose behind the utterance. ▪ Example: Saying, "It's raining," to suggest staying indoors. o Perlocutionary Act: The effect or response generated by the statement. ▪ Example: Someone hearing "It's raining" decides to get an umbrella. 3. Illocutionary Force (Types of Illocutionary Acts): o Assertive: Asserts a fact, opinion, or belief. (e.g., "The Earth is round.") o Directive: Encourages someone to perform an action. (e.g., "Close the door.") o Commissive: Commits the speaker to a future action. (e.g., "I promise to help.") o Expressive: Expresses emotions or feelings. (e.g., "Thank you!") o Declarative: Changes the reality by stating something. (e.g., "I declare this meeting open.") Lesson 2: Communicative Strategies 1. Definition: o Techniques or methods used to convey a message effectively in a conversation. 2. Types of Communicative Strategies: o Nomination: Starting a topic to initiate conversation. Example: "Have you heard about the latest news?" o Restriction: Limiting the conversation within specific boundaries. Example: A teacher asking students to stick to the assigned topic. o Turn-taking: Recognizing when to speak and when to listen. o Topic Control: Steering the conversation to stay on track. Example: "Let's focus on the main issue." o Topic Shifting: Smoothly transitioning from one topic to another. Example: "Speaking of books, have you read this bestseller?" o Repair: Correcting a misunderstanding or error in the conversation. Example: "Oh, sorry, I meant to say Friday, not Thursday." o Termination: Concluding a conversation politely. Example: "I think that's all for now. Thanks for your time!" Lesson 3: Speech Context 1. Intrapersonal Communication: o Communication within oneself. Example: Reflecting on your goals. 2. Interpersonal Communication: o Dyadic Communication: Between two individuals. Example: A conversation with a friend. o Small Group Communication: Involves a few participants. Example: Team discussions. 3. Public Communication: o One person addresses a large audience. Example: Delivering a speech.  4. Mass Communication: o Communication delivered through media platforms. Example: TV broadcasts. Lesson 4: Speech Styles 1. Definition: o Speech styles are levels of formality in communication. 2. Types of Speech Styles: o Intimate: Used with close relationships. (e.g., pet names, private jokes) o Casual: Informal language, often used with friends. Example: "What's up?" o Consultative: Semi-formal, used in professional settings. Example: Teacher-student discussions. o Formal: Structured language, often used in ceremonies or official events. Example: "Good morning, esteemed guests." o Frozen: Fixed and unchangeable language, such as in prayers or oaths. Example: "I hereby solemnly swear..." Lesson 5: Speech Writing and Delivery 1. Parts of a Speech: o Introduction: Captures the audience's attention, states the purpose, and previews the main ideas. o Body: Discusses the main points with supporting details. o Conclusion: Summarizes key ideas and leaves a lasting impression. 2. Speech Organization Patterns: o Chronological Order: Arranging points in a time sequence. Example: Discussing a topic from past to present. o Spatial/Geographical Order: Based on physical location or direction. o Causal Order: Discussing cause-effect relationships. o Comparison and Contrast: Highlighting similarities and differences. 3. Effective Speech Delivery: o Articulation: Clear pronunciation of words. o Modulation: Varying pitch and tone to convey emotion. o Stage Presence: Confidence, posture, gestures, and movements. o Audience Analysis: Knowing the audience’s needs and expectations. o Clarity: Avoiding jargon or overly complex language. Lesson 6: Communicative Competence 1. Definition: o The ability to use language effectively in different contexts and situations. 2. Components: o Grammatical Competence: Knowledge of grammar and vocabulary. o Sociolinguistic Competence: Using language appropriately based on context. o Discourse Competence: Organizing ideas cohesively. o Strategic Competence: Overcoming communication barriers. 3. Barriers to Communication: o Physical Barriers: Noise, distance. o Psychological Barriers: Stress, emotions. o Semantic Barriers: Misunderstanding words or phrases. o Cultural Barriers: Differences in norms and practices. Lesson 7: Speech Purposes 1. Informative Speech: o Aims to educate the audience. Example: Presenting a lecture. 2. Persuasive Speech: o Seeks to convince the audience to adopt a belief or perform an action. Example: Campaign speeches. 3. Entertaining Speech: o Delivered to amuse or inspire. Example: Storytelling. Study Tips: 1. Familiarize yourself with definitions and examples of each concept. 2. Practice identifying speech acts and communicative strategies in real-life conversations. 3. Discuss with peers to clarify challenging concepts and improve understanding. Good luck with your exam! THAT IN ALL THINGS, GOD MAY BE GLORIFIED! 1. Which of the following statements best describes SPEECH ACT? A. It is a type of literary device used in speeches. B. It is an action performed via speaking, like making requests or giving commands. C. It is a type of public speaking event. D. It is a language rule that dictates correct grammar. 2. Blaise asks her classmates to sit down. Identify the speech act used. A. Locutionary Act B. Illocutionary Act C. Perlocutionary Act D. None of the above 3. Which speech act focuses on the consequent effect of what was said? A. Locutionary Act B. Illocutionary Act C. Perlocutionary Act D. None of the above 4. Which type of speech act involves giving advice or permission? A. Locutionary Act B. Illocutionary Act C. Perlocutionary Act D. Both B and C 5. "Get out!" exemplifies which type of speech act? A. Locutionary Act B. Illocutionary Act C. Perlocutionary Act D. All of the above 6. "I’ll help you clean the house tomorrow." is an example of: A. Illocutionary Act B. Perlocutionary Act C. Locutionary Act D. None of the above 7. What type of speech act involves the actual act of uttering something? A. Illocutionary B. Locutionary C. Perlocutionary D. Directive 8. Which of the following is an example of an indirect speech act? A. "Do the laundry." B. "Pass me the rice, please." C. "Is it possible for you to close the door?" D. "Clean your room." 9. If a person performs an action as a result of hearing a speech act, what type of speech act is that? A. Locutionary B. Illocutionary C. Perlocutionary D. Expressive 10. Which of the following is an example of an expressive speech act? A. "I promise to do better next time."  B. "You are fired." C. "Please lend me your pen." D. "Thank you for helping me out." 11. What type of speech act expresses a speaker’s intention to get someone to do something? A. Assertive B. Expressive C. Declarative D. Directive 12. What is an example of a commissive act? A. "I promise to attend the meeting tomorrow." B. "You are promoted." C. "I suggest we take the bus." D. "I apologize for being late." 13. In what type of speech act does the speaker create a change in the external world by saying something? A. Expressive B. Directive C. Commissive D. Declarative 14. Which of the following best defines an assertive speech act? A. It directs someone to do something B. It asserts the truth of a statement C. It causes a change in the external world D. It expresses the speaker’s emotions 15. Which type of speech act involves stating an opinion, making a prediction, or issuing an order? A. Locutionary Act B. Illocutionary Act C. Perlocutionary Act D. None of the above 16. Which of the following statements best describes COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGY? A. It is a system to memorize vocabulary words B. It is a technique used to enhance language learning C. It is a plan or method to convey a message effectively in a conversation D. It is a way to correct someone’s grammar during conversation 17. Nomination: You’re at a social gathering and want to initiate a new topic. Which approach is effective? A. Start talking about your recent vacation. B. Ask about the latest news and opinions on it. C. Jump into a random, unrelated story. D. Remain silent until someone else initiates a topic. 18. Restriction: While in a classroom discussion, what is important to remember about staying on topic? A. You can freely discuss any related subject. B. Speak spontaneously without considering the topic. C. Follow specific instructions provided by the teacher. D. Change the subject frequently to engage others. 19. Turn-taking: During a group discussion, someone has been talking for an extended period. What should you do? A. Politely interrupt and express your viewpoint. B. Wait until they finish before speaking. C. Speak louder to take over the conversation. D. Leave the conversation. 20. In a formal meeting, you can only speak after being directed by the chairperson. Which communication technique is being demonstrated here? A. Nomination B. Turn-taking C. Topic Control D. Termination 21. While conversing with friends, you suddenly change the topic without giving any transitional cues. What communicative strategy is reflected? A. Topic Shifting B. Turn-taking C. Repair D. Nomination 22. During a classroom discussion, the teacher restricts the topic to peer pressure. Which among the communicative strategies is displayed? A. Turn-taking B. Termination C. Topic Control D. Restriction 23. You smoothly transition from discussing movies to talking about books by saying, "By the way, have you read any good books lately?" Which among the communicative strategies is shown? A. Repair B. Termination C. Topic Shifting D. Nomination 24. In which context is restriction most likely to occur? A. An informal conversation with friends B. A group chat with classmates C. A formal meeting where participants speak only when called upon D. A free-flowing debate 25. What is the best strategy to use when you want to change the conversation’s subject without interrupting others? A. Topic Shifting B. Restriction C. Turn-taking D. Nomination 1. Which of the following statements best describes SPEECH ACT? Answer: B. It is an action performed via speaking, like making requests or giving  commands. Explanation: A speech act is any communicative action performed using language, such as making requests, commands, or offering apologies. It involves the speaker performing an action through speech. 2. Blaise asks her classmates to sit down. Identify the speech act used. Answer: B. Illocutionary Act Explanation: The illocutionary act refers to the intent of the speaker in making a statement or request. In this case, Blaise is requesting her classmates to sit down, which is an illocutionary act. 3. Which speech act focuses on the consequent effect of what was said? Answer: C. Perlocutionary Act Explanation: Perlocutionary acts involve the effect of a statement on the listener or receiver, such as convincing, persuading, or making the listener feel a certain way. 4. Which type of speech act involves giving advice or permission? Answer: B. Illocutionary Act Explanation: Giving advice or permission is part of the illocutionary act, where the speaker intends to get the listener to do something or change their behavior. 5. "Get out!" exemplifies which type of speech act? Answer: B. Illocutionary Act Explanation: "Get out!" is an example of a directive speech act, where the speaker gives a command or request, which falls under the illocutionary category. 6. "I’ll help you clean the house tomorrow." is an example of: Answer: B. Illocutionary Act Explanation: The statement is an expression of intent, which is an illocutionary act, as the speaker is committing to helping clean the house. 7. What type of speech act involves the actual act of uttering something? Answer: C. Locutionary Act Explanation: The locutionary act is the actual act of producing sounds or words, as opposed to the intention behind them or their effect on others. 8. Which of the following is an example of an indirect speech act? Answer: C. "Is it possible for you to close the door?" Explanation: An indirect speech act involves implying a request or command rather than stating it directly. In this case, the speaker asks a question that implies a request. 9. If a person performs an action as a result of hearing a speech act, what type of speech act is that? Answer: D. Perlocutionary Explanation: Perlocutionary acts are concerned with the listener’s response to what is said, such as performing an action based on what was heard. 10. Which of the following is an example of an expressive speech act? Answer: B. "Thank you for helping me out." Explanation: Expressive speech acts involve the speaker expressing emotions, feelings, or attitudes. Saying "thank you" is an expression of gratitude. 11. What type of speech act expresses a speaker’s intention to get someone to do something?  Answer: D. Directive Explanation: Directive speech acts aim to get the listener to do something, such as requests, commands, or advice. 12. What is an example of a commissive act? Answer: B. "I promise to attend the meeting tomorrow." Explanation: Commissive acts involve the speaker committing to a certain action. In this case, the speaker promises to attend the meeting. 13. In what type of speech act does the speaker create a change in the external world by saying something? Answer: D. Declarative Explanation: Declarative acts are those in which the speaker brings about a change in the world merely by stating something, such as declaring someone married or a contract signed. 14. Which of the following best defines an assertive speech act? Answer: D. It asserts the truth of a statement Explanation: Assertive speech acts involve the speaker stating something that they believe to be true, such as making a statement or claim. 15. Which type of speech act involves stating an opinion, making a prediction, or issuing an order? Answer: B. Illocutionary Act Explanation: This is an illocutionary act, as it involves the speaker’s intention in issuing an order or making a statement about their opinion or prediction. 16. Which of the following statements best describes COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGY? Answer: C. It is a plan or method to convey a message effectively in a conversation Explanation: A communicative strategy is a technique used to effectively communicate and ensure that the message is conveyed clearly and understood by the receiver. 17. Nomination: You’re at a social gathering and want to initiate a new topic. Which approach is effective? Answer: B. Ask about the latest news and opinions on it. Explanation: Asking about something topical or current, such as the latest news, is an effective way to initiate a conversation and encourage discussion. 18. Restriction: While in a classroom discussion, what is important to remember about staying on topic? Answer: B. Follow specific instructions provided by the teacher. Explanation: Restriction in communication involves staying focused on the given topic and following any instructions that limit what should be discussed. 19. Turn-taking: During a group discussion, someone has been talking for an extended period. What should you do? Answer: B. Wait until they finish before speaking. Explanation: In a turn-taking scenario, it’s polite to wait for the speaker to finish before contributing, ensuring everyone has a chance to speak. 20. In a formal meeting, you can only speak after being directed by the chairperson. Which communication technique is being demonstrated here? Answer: B. Turn-taking  Explanation: This scenario demonstrates turn-taking, where speakers take turns speaking in a structured way, typically controlled by a moderator or chairperson. 21. While conversing with friends, you suddenly change the topic without giving any transitional cues. What communicative strategy is reflected? Answer: A. Topic Shifting Explanation: Topic shifting occurs when a conversation moves abruptly from one subject to another, without a clear transition or cue. 22. During a classroom discussion, the teacher restricts the topic to peer pressure. Which among the communicative strategies is displayed? Answer: C. Topic Control Explanation: Topic control involves regulating the topic of discussion, as the teacher does in this case by restricting the conversation to peer pressure. 23. You smoothly transition from discussing movies to talking about books by saying, "By the way, have you read any good books lately?" Which among the communicative strategies is shown? Answer: C. Topic Shifting Explanation: Topic shifting is the strategy used to move the conversation from one subject to another in a smooth and natural manner. 24. In which context is restriction most likely to occur? Answer: B. A formal meeting where participants speak only when called upon Explanation: Restriction is most common in formal settings, such as meetings where speech is controlled and participants speak only when permitted. 25. What is the best strategy to use when you want to change the conversation’s subject without interrupting others? Answer: A. Topic Shifting Explanation: Topic shifting allows you to introduce a new subject without cutting someone off or disrupting the flow of conversation.