Restorative Dentistry Procedures and Rationale (PDF) 2024-2025

RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY -1 RESTORATIVE PROCEDURES AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL RATIONALE RATIONALE OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY  The Operative Dentistry (conservative dentistry) is defined as the art and science that relates to the diagnosis, treatment and the prognosis of...

RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY -1 RESTORATIVE PROCEDURES AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL RATIONALE RATIONALE OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY  The Operative Dentistry (conservative dentistry) is defined as the art and science that relates to the diagnosis, treatment and the prognosis of those defects of teeth which do not require full coverage for correction to the restoration of the tooth form, functions, esthetics and to the maintenance of physiological integrity of teeth and harmonious relationship to adjacent hard and soft tissues, of the oral cavity and to all latter considerations as they apply to the general health and welfare of the patient. RATIONALE OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY (CONT…)  The operative dentistry is divided into four steps: 1.Diagnosis or determination of the disease condition and treatment planning. 2.Prophylactic procedures. 3.Treatment by mechanical, surgical, medical or preventive measures. 4.Maintenance of health, function, esthetics of the mouth in general and teeth specifically THE AIM AND GOALS OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY To maintain and preserve dental health. OBJECTIVES OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY 1.Prevention of dental caries and other causes of loss of portions of teeth. 2.Inhibition of exact pathological processes. 3.Preservation of the health of the hard and soft tissues. 4.Restoration of carious or mutilated teeth to a state of good health, anatomical form and for esthetics. CAUSES OF TEETH DESTRUCTION Dental caries Trauma: Fracture Abrasion Attrition Erosion Malformations Staining: extrinsic or intrinsic INDICATIONS FOR OPERATIVE TREATMENT Caries Malformed, discolored or fracture teeth Replacement needs. PREVENTION Nutritional counseling Public dental health education Exposure to fluorides, or similar caries preventing agents. Early detection and treatment of carious lesions Encouraging oral hygiene of the teeth and supporting tissues RESTORATIVE PROCEDURES AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL RATIONALE (CONT…) Prevention in Dentistry is for the treatment or mechanisms employed to stop dental or systemic diseases and conditions that tend to destroy oral or other structures and their functions. OPERATIVE DENTISTRY Principles of operative dentistry are: Removal of all caries as main objective Form of cavity preparation which is governed by: Amount of caries Structure of tooth substance Physical and chemical properties of materials chosen to fill it. OPERATIVE DENTISTRY (CONT…) Despite of operative Dentistry, there are other means by which pathological teeth can be treated, for example, extractions. But these other procedures are not conservative; they may result into edentulous jaws, and esthetic problems. Therefore operative dentistry is a conservative approach (procedure), because it retains the affected tooth substance as possible, it tries to retain integrity of the dental arch OPERATIVE DENTISTRY (CONT…) They are other potential aspects of prevention involved in the cited restoration that include:- 1. Elimination of infection 2. Proper mastication of food and the effects of the entire digestive as well as nutritional process OPERATIVE DENTISTRY (CONT…) Determination / diagnosis of the disease condition and treatment plan. Diagnosis is the art of determining a disease state. It should not rely on a single diagnostic measure but a combination of measures e.g. from the history, examination and radiographs. To come up with a correct examination procedure, diagnosis and treatment planning, the operator should be experienced. OPERATIVE DENTISTRY (CONT…) There are quite a number of diagnostic aids used in dentistry, some of them include the following:- Inspection: - careful visual examination of teeth and supporting tissues, this is attempted after history. Examine for any signs of inflammations, dry and isolate area and an explorer may determine the presence of cavities. Loss of translucency in a tooth or discoloration may suggest pulp death. OPERATIVE DENTISTRY (CONT…) Percussion:- this is the tapping of a tooth to determine presence of tenderness. It produces pain when there is periodontitis i.e. due to infection, trauma or chemicals in root canals.  Note:- Teeth underlying the maxillary sinuses may present tenderness to percussion when patient is suffering from maxillary sinusitis OPERATIVE DENTISTRY (CONT…) Palpation:- gentle application of fingers to areas of mouth to detect: Presence of pain Presence of softness Softness/ hardness of subjacent tissues. Mobility test; abnormal mobility is indicative of temporary or permanent loss of alveolar supporting bone. OPERATIVE DENTISTRY (CONT…)  Radiographs: - most important. This is important since it reveals the number, shape, size of root canals, external and internal resorption of dentine, fracture of bone and tooth roots, unerupted and impacted teeth, caries depth, extent of periapical and periodontal bone loss to a degree and condition of sinuses. OPERATIVE DENTISTRY There are factors which are necessary to the success of operative dentistry. These are: good patient-operator understanding ability and training of the operator complete examination and diagnosis and treatment planning and selection of restorative materials. ASSIGNMENT 1.List THREE indications for operative procedures 2.What are factors that ensures success of operative dentistry? 3.What are principles of operative dentistry? 4.What are objectives of operative dentistry? 5.List common causes of tooth destruction 6.Briefly describe the four steps of operative dentistry. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION