Respiratory System Grade 10 PDF

Lesson 2 Respiratory System  Focus Question Why is exercise good for the respiratory system?  New Vocabulary breathing external respiration internal respiration trachea bronchus lung alveolus  Review Vocabulary ATP: biological molecule that provides the body...

Lesson 2 Respiratory System  Focus Question Why is exercise good for the respiratory system?  New Vocabulary breathing external respiration internal respiration trachea bronchus lung alveolus  Review Vocabulary ATP: biological molecule that provides the body’s cells with chemical energy  The Importance of Respiration The respiratory system sustains cellular respiration by supplying oxygen to cells and removing carbon dioxide waste from cells. Breathing is the mechanical movement of air into and out of your lungs. External respiration is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood. Internal respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and the body’s cells.  The Path of Air When air enters your mouth or nose, cilia trap foreign particles from the air and sweep them toward the throat. Filtered air then passes through the pharynx. The epiglottis allows air to pass from the larynx to a long tube in the chest cavity called the trachea. The trachea branches into two large tubes, called bronchi (singular: bronchus) which lead to the lungs. Gas exchange takes place in the lungs, the largest organs of the system.  The Path of Air Each bronchus branches into smaller tubes called bronchioles. Each of these small tubes branches into even smaller passageways, which end in individual air sacs called alveoli (singular: alveolus). The figure on the next slide shows the process. Gas Exchange Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the moist, thin walls of the alveoli. The Path of Air  Breathing Inhalation: The diaphragm contracts, and the chest cavity expands as the diaphragm moves down. Exhalation: The diaphragm relaxes and returns to its normal resting position; the size of the chest cavity decreases as the diaphragm moves up.  Respiratory Disorders Some diseases and disorders irritate, inflame, or infect the respiratory system. These disorders can produce tissue damage that reduces the effectiveness of the bronchi and alveoli, making respiration difficult.  Quiz 1. Which process occurs between the blood and the body’s cells? A filtration B internal respiration CORRECT C breathing D external respiration  Quiz 2. Which gas is needed by all cells? A sulfur C oxygen CORRECT B carbon dioxide D hydrogen  Quiz 3. How many breaths will a person take in one day if he or she takes 12 breaths per minute? A about 1000 B about 17,000 CORRECT C about 10,000 D about 1,000,000  Quiz 4. Which are the tubes that the trachea branch into? A lungs B alveoli C bronchi CORRECT D bronchioles  Quiz 5. Which term describes the mechanical movement of air into and out of your lungs? A external respiration C internal respiration B breathing D contraction CORRECT