Pharmacognosy and Plant Chemistry PDF

PHARMACOGNOSY AND PLANT CHEMISTRY SESSION 14: Resins, Resinous Combinations and Latex SESSION 15: Local Sources and Uses of Resins LEARNING OUTCOMES: 1. Define and know the uses of resins 2. Identify the different classification of resins 3. Know and identify the process...

PHARMACOGNOSY AND PLANT CHEMISTRY SESSION 14: Resins, Resinous Combinations and Latex SESSION 15: Local Sources and Uses of Resins LEARNING OUTCOMES: 1. Define and know the uses of resins 2. Identify the different classification of resins 3. Know and identify the processes in obtaining resins 4. Identify the chemical tests used in Resins 5. Familiarize the drugs containing resins 6. Familiarize different local sources and uses of resins  RESINS PRODUCT OF VOLATILE OXIDATION CRYSTALLINE OR AMORPHOUS SOLIDS PRODUCED IN SCHIZOGENOUS DUCTS/ SCHIZOLYSIGENOUS GLANDS IT IS A 2ND METABOLITE PRODUCED BY PLANTS OBTAINED AS EXUDATES FROM PLANTS AND CONSIDERED AS END PRODUCT OF METABOLISM 1. Rosin or Yellow Dust – Pinus palustris - uses: stiffening agent for plasters and ointments 2. American Mandelate/ Podophyllum – Podophyllum pelatatum - AKA: May Apple/Mandrake - Podophyllin (caustic agent for warts) - Pelatin ( purgative ) 3. Yerba Santa/Eriodyction – Eriodyction californium -uses: stimulant expectorant, flavorant (to disguise the bitterness of quinine) 4. Jalap – root of Exogonium purge - uses: cathartic, hydrogogue 5. Mastic – Pisracia lentiscus - has balsamic odor - uses: dental varnish to seal cavities 6. Kava-Kava – Piper methysticum - uses: Antipyritic, tranquilizer, skeletal muscle relaxant 7. Cannabis/Indian Hemp – Cannabis sativa - AKA: Marijuana, Mary Jane, Pot weed - constituent: 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (psychoactive euphoria) OLEORESIN HOMOGENOUS MIXTURE OF VOLATILE OILS + RESIN 1. Capsicum/Cayenne Pepper/Siling Labuyo – Capsicum frutescens - uses: counterirritant and diaphoretic - constituent: Capsaicin (teratogenic poison) 2. Ginger – Zingiber officinale - constituents: Zingeberol, Bisabolene - uses: stomach aches and sore throat 3. Turpentine – Pinus palustris - uses: counterirritant 4. Balsam of Copaiba – “Not a True Balsam” - uses: antiseptic, diuretic, stimulant - constituent: capaivic acid 5. White Pine/ Weymouth pine – Pinus strobes - uses: Expectorant OLEOGUMRESIN VOLATILE OIL + GUM + RESIN 1. Myrrh/ Gum Myrrh – Commiphora molmol - AKA: Balsam of Mecca - constituent: Commiphoric acid - uses: ingredient in Astring-O-Sol mouthwash and imbalming agent 2. Asafetida – Ferula foetida - AKA: “Devil’s Drug” - constituent: Adumbeliferum - uses: carminative, expectorant BALSAM RESIN + AROMATIC COMPOUNDS ( BENZOIC ACID OR CINNAMIC ACID 1. Storax – Liquidambar orientalis - AKA: Styrax, Liquid Storax - constituent: Storesin -uses: Pharmaceutical aid in making compound Innovativeness Benzoin Tincture ( local protectant) ▪ We believe that nothing in this world is permanent 2. Peruvian Balsa/ Balsam ofexcept Peru – Myroxylum pereirae change. ▪ Education continually encounters new ideas, - constituent: Benzylcinnamate, Peruresnotannol challenges and directions, so that the acadee must be flexible and adapt to the needs of the market and - uses: antiseptic, parasiticide dictates of time. ▪ We accept that change governs life. We see it as track of growth ▪ We harness it as an opportunity to create. ▪ When we encounter hurdles, we breed new ideas. 3. Tolu Balsam – Myrosylum balsamum - constituents: Toluresinetannol, Cinnamate - uses: flavorant, expectorant 4. Benzoin 1. –Improve 2 sourcesBoard : Sumatra – Styrax benzoin ( Performance sumaresinotannol) 2. Improve Retention/Migration : Siam – Anthostyrax sp. (Siaresinotannol) Rates - constituent: Benzoic Acid (synthetic product 3. Reduce obtained cost perofstudent from sublimation Sumatra Benzoin) - uses: Antiseptic, Stimulant expectorant “ Siam “ – has Vanilla Odor GROUP GAME SEPARATE SLIDES