Regional and Functional Anatomy of the Upper Limb I PDF

Video camera with solid fill Image credit: Getty Images (2022) SESSION LEARNING OBJECTIVES WEEKLY LO SS01: Describe the anatomy of the glenohumeral and elbow joints, including the factors that contribute to movement and stability (e.g. Thoraco-appendicular, rotator cuff and...

Video camera with solid fill Image credit: Getty Images (2022) SESSION LEARNING OBJECTIVES WEEKLY LO SS01: Describe the anatomy of the glenohumeral and elbow joints, including the factors that contribute to movement and stability (e.g. Thoraco-appendicular, rotator cuff and brachium muscles) Describe the regional anatomy of the shoulder, in particular the structure of the 1 glenohumeral joint, supportive structures and rotator cuff muscles Summarize and identify the muscles that stabilise the shoulder and contribute 2 toward scapulothoracic movements Describe prime movements of each compartment and the individual muscles of 3 the brachium, on the shoulder and elbow (including common attachments) Understand the anatomical involvement and functional consequences of 4 common pathologies, including rotator cuff tears, SLAP lesions, shoulder dislocation and bicep tendon rupture A white letter in a circle Description automatically generated SYMBOL GUIDE: Hyperlinks to Dr. Nikki’s GENIALLY clinical infographic are indicated by this symbol throughout 1. AXIO-APPENDICULAR MUSCLES MUSCLES THAT MOVE/STABLISE THE SHOULDER GIRDLE  MUSCLES ATTACHMENTS AND ACTION (BOXES) Pectoralis Major Medial clavicle and sternum to intertubercular sulcus of humerus PECTORALIS Pectoralis Minor Ribs 3-5 to Coracoid process of scapula MINOR Serratus Anterior Ribs 1-8 to medial border of scapula PECTORALIS MAJOR PRIME ACTIONS Scapula protraction, depression & downward PRIME ACTIONS rotation ADDuction (+horizontal & diagonal); Medial Rotation of humerus; Flexion to 60 degrees ANTERIOR SERRATUS SERRATUS ANTERIOR PRIME ACTIONS Protracts scapula; stabilises and upward rotation of scapula REGIONAL MUSCLE GROUPS ANTERIOR AXIO-APPENDICULAR Image credit: Drake et al.(2020) Gray’s Anatomy for Students DEEP POST. AXIO-APPENDICULAR (INTERMEDIATE EXTRINSIC BACK) Levator Attachments: Supero-medial border of scapula to Prime action: Elevates scapula Scapulae transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae & downward rotation Rhomboid C7-T5 spinous processes of vertebrae to medial border Retracts scapula & downward (major & minor) of scapula rotation SUPERFICIAL POST. AXIO-APPENDICULAR (SUPERFICIAL EXTRINSIC BACK) Trapezius Origin: Nuchal line, external occipital protuberance and C7-T12 Elevates & depress spinous processes to Insertion: spine of scapula + lateral third of scapula; retracts; clavicle + acromion upward rotation of scap Latissimus T7 to L5 spinous processes + iliac crest to intertubercular groove of Extends, ADDucts & Dorsi humerus medially rotates arm SCAPULOTHORACIC ATTACHMENTS (EXTRINSIC SHOULDER) POSTERIOR AXIO-APPENDICULAR SUPERFICIAL DEEP Image credit: Drake et al.(2020) Gray’s Anatomy for Students SCAPULOTHORACIC SUMMARY MOVEMENTS OF SCAPULA ELEVATION DEPRESSION RETRACTION PROTRACTION DOWNWARD UPWARD ROTATION ROTATION Trapezius; Levator Trapezius; Pect- Trapezius; Serratus anterior (stick out chest); Rhomboids; Trapezius; Scapulae; Rhomboid oralis Minor Rhomboid major Levator scap; Serratus major and minor and minor Pectoralis minor Pectoralis anterior minor Image credit: Floyd (2024) Manual of Structural Kinesiology  Image: Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: General anatomy and Musculoskeletal System (2014) YEAR 1 KNOWLEDGE CHECK List TWO (2) ligaments that play a key role in stabilising the anterior and superior part of the joint capsule? ROTATOR CUFF (4) + MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE ARM (2) 2. SCAPULOHUMERAL MUSCLES POSTERIOR **HINT: tendons of FOUR muscles SITS on the head of the humerus. FUNCTION: role in the stability and mobility of the shoulder (GH) joint during ABDUCTION and rotation A ANTERIOR ACTION: Initiates abduction (