Pharmacology Quiz and Midterm PDF

What is ***High Margin of Safety*** ? If the ***Lethal dose*** is \> than ***effective dose*** thi has type of margin of ***High*** margin of safety Cardio Vascular --------------- 2. What is ***pancuronium***? This ***neuromuscular blocker*** competes with ***acetylcholine for receptor sites**...

What is ***High Margin of Safety*** ? If the ***Lethal dose*** is \> than ***effective dose*** thi has type of margin of ***High*** margin of safety Cardio Vascular --------------- 2. What is ***pancuronium***? This ***neuromuscular blocker*** competes with ***acetylcholine for receptor sites*** and requires a reversal agent ***to restore muscle function*** 3. What are ***positive*** dromotropic drugs ? This drug ***Increase conduction*** of myocardial electrical impulse and used to treat ***Heart Block*** 4. What are ***Negative*** dromotropic drug ? This drug ***decrease*** conduction of myocardial electrical impule and used to treat ***Av Block*** 5. What are ***Positive*** chronotropic drugs ? This drug ***Increase*** heart rate and used to treat ***Bradycardia*** 6. What are ***Negative*** inotropic drugs? This class of drug ***decrease*** ***the force of myocardial contraction*** and used to treat ***hypertension*** ***Class IA - Membrane stabilizers*** 7. What is ***Quinidine*** drug ? This Drug used to ***increase*** Conduction time and used to ***treat*** ventricular Arrythmias ***Clas IB - Membrane stabilizers*** 8. What is ***Tocainide*** Drug ? This drug used to ***increase conduction time*** and used to treat ***Ventricular Tachycardia*** 9. What is ***Lidocaine*** drug ? This Drug used to ***increase conduction tim***e and used to treat ***Ventricular Tachycardia*** ***Cat sensitive due to CNS*** 10. What is ***Sotolol*** Vs ***Amiodarone*** vs ***Bretylium*** ? This drug used to ***reduce*** ***Sinus Rate*** used to treat ***Ventricular arrythmias*** 11. What is ***Diltiazem vs Verapamil*** Drug ? This drug used ***to Reduces spontaneous depolarization*** and used to treat ***Ventricular Tachy Cardia*** 12. What is ***Vasodilator*** ? Open ***constricted BV*** making ***it easier for heart to pump blood through them*** ***Anticoagulants*** 13. What is Heparin ? ***stops conversion*** of ***prothrombin*** to thrombin used to - ***Blood test or transfusion*** 14. What is ***Hemostatic Drugs ( Stop Bleeding )*** Stop bleeding by promote clotting ***Drug : Silver Nitrate + Gel foam*** ***Parental : Vitamin K + Protamine Sulfate*** 15. What is ***Blood Enhancing Drug ?*** Make Red Blood Cell that produce in Kidney ***Iron*** (ferrous\.....) - Nutritional supplement ***Erythropoietin*** - Natural protein -- made by protein **Nervous System** 1. *What is the **sympathetic nervous system**?* *This system is responsible for the **\"fight or flight**\" response.* 2. *What is the **parasympathetic nervous system**?* ***Acetylcholine** is the **primary neurotransmitter** in this energy-saving division of the **autonomic nervous system**.* 3. *What er **Sympatholytic** ? ( Adrenergic Blocking )* *These Drug **Inhibit** the effect of the **sympathetic nervous system*** 4. *What are **Parasympathomimetic** ? ( Cholinergic )* *These Drug **mimic** the effect of the **Parasympathetic nervous system*** 5. *What is **Diazepam ?*** *This **GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter*** 6. *What is **pentobarbital ?*** ***This barbiturate** is often used **in euthanasia solutions.*** 7. What is ***Acepromazine*** ? This drug use to ***[sedation]*** and ***anti- emetic*** 8. What is ***Xylazine ?*** This drug use to ***sedation*** and ***anti- emetic Treat GI pain In Horse too*** 9. What is ***Dexmedetomidine*** This drug use to ***sedation and analgesia ( giam dau )*** 10. What is ***Doxapram*** ? 10 What two blood tests may be performed on a patient receiving ***phenobarbital ( Anti Convulsant )*** ? Why would they be performed? drug blood levels ***3-4 weeks post*** start or dose ∆ then \~ q 6 mos ***liver function*** \~ q 6 mos ***Respiratory Drug*** 1. What are ***anticholinergics***? This class of drugs ***competitively blocks acetylcholine*** receptors ***to prevent bronchoconstriction.*** 2. *What is **acetylcysteine?*** This mucolytic drug is also used ***to treat acetaminophen toxicity in cats and dogs.*** 3. Differentiate the role of ***mucolytics*** vs ***expectorants*** in respiratory medicine and\ provide examples of each. ***Mucolytic*** : wet cough when cilia cant remove thick and sticky mucus ***Expectorant*** : Increase liquid secrete increase mucus fluid 4. How does ***phenylephrine*** enhance respiration? Why should it be avoided in\ patients with hypertension or tachycardia? ( ***Decongestant )*** Used to decrease blocking nasal passage Avoid : because it will increase Blood pressure and hear rate