Science 9 Quarter 3 CLAS 4 Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines PDF

NAME: Erika Zenriah M. Quillip GRADE/SECTION: Grade – 9 Narra 9 SCIENCE Quarter III – Week 4 Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY Science – Grade 9...

NAME: Erika Zenriah M. Quillip GRADE/SECTION: Grade – 9 Narra 9 SCIENCE Quarter III – Week 4 Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY Science – Grade 9 Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets (CLAS) Quarter III - Week 4: Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines First Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the exploitation of such work for a profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this CLAS are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Schools Division of Puerto Princesa City Development Team of the Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets Writer: Maria Theresa C. Castro Content Editors: Honeychrise T. Concepcion, Daniel C. Tabinga Jr. Language Editors: Honeychrise T. Concepcion, Minnie Maisie S. Salanga Proofreader: Minnie Maisie S. Salanga Reviewer: Rolando A. Taha EdD, EPS-Science Illustrator: Daniel C. Tabinga, Jr. Layout Artist: Maria Anlen S. Tapaya Management Team: Servillano A. Arzaga, CESO V, SDS Loida P. Adornado PhD, ASDS Cyril C. Serador PhD, CID Chief Ronald S. Brillantes, EPS-LRMS Manager Rolando A. Taha EdD, EPS-Science Eva Joyce C. Presto, PDO II Rhea Ann A. Navilla, Librarian II Division Quality Assurance Team: Ronald S. Brillantes, Mary Jane J. Parcon, Liezl O. Arosio, Carissa M. Calalin, and Carmencita B. Daculap Division of Puerto Princesa City-Learning Resource Management Section (LRMS) Sta. Monica Heights, Bgy. Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City Telephone No.: (048) 434 9438 Email Address: [email protected]  Lesson 1 Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines MELC: Illustrate how energy from volcanoes may be tapped for human use. (S9ES-IIIc -d-29) Objectives: 1. Identify the different geothermal power plants in the Philippines. 2. Locate the geothermal power plants in the Philippines. 3. Cite the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal power plants. Let’s Try Directions: Read each item carefully and circle the letter of the correct answer. 1. What does geothermal power plants generate after using hot water and steam from the Earth’s interior? A. air conditioning B. electricity C. greenhouse gases D. hydropower 2. In which area/s can geothermal power plants best situated? A. Anywhere in the Philippines B. In areas where deposits of water are heated inside the Earth. C. In areas where the ground stays warm throughout the year. D. Both (A) and (C) 3. How does geothermal power plants harness energy? A. Circulating fluid underground. B. Holding water behind a dam. C. Pumping heated water or steam from rock formations. D. Using methane from decomposition. 4. What is the main disadvantage in building geothermal energy plants? A. Cost B. Global warming C. Nuclear Fallout D. Pollution 5. What potential environmental issue can occur when building a geothermal power plant? A. Depletion of the ozone layer. B. The burning of fossil fuels. C. Toxic gases can be released when drilling. D. Water pollution from the chemicals. 6. Which of the following could potentially cause surface instability and may trigger earthquakes? A. Building of solar power station B. Construction of geothermal power plants C. Erection of hydrothermal power plant D. Fabrication of wind power station 1  7. What is the by-product of utilizing heat trapped inside the Earth’s surface? A. Hydrothermal energy C. Solar Energy B. Geothermal energy D. Tidal energy 8. Which statement about geothermal energy is TRUE? A. Geothermal energy does not produce any pollution, and does not contribute to the greenhouse effect. B. Harnessing Geothermal energy is close to volcanic activity so it may cause small aftershock earthquakes. C. There are limited places to build a geothermal power station. D. There is a high initial cost in building geothermal power plant. 9. Which geothermal power plant can be found in Luzon? A. Bacon-Manito (Bac-Man) Geothermal Power Plant B. Palinpinon Geothermal Power Plant C. Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant D. Tongonan Geothermal Power Plant 10. What geothermal power plant is located at Kidapawan, North Cotabato? A. Maibarara Geothermal Power Plant B. Makiling-Banawi (Mak-Ban) Geothermal Power Plant C. Mindanao Geothermal Production Field/Mt. Apo Geothemal Power Plant D. Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant Let’s Explore and Discover Earth Facts… Do you know that Earth is the third planet from the sun? It is the only planet known to have an atmosphere containing free oxygen, oceans of water and of course life. The Earth’s interior is divided into three main layers. The inner core is solid, the outer core is liquid, and the mantle is solid/plastic. This is due to the relative melting points of the different layers (nickel– iron core, silicate crust and mantle) and the increase in temperature and pressure as depth increases. The tectonic setting of the Philippines is complex as it belongs to the Pacific Ring of Fire. The oceanic Philippine plate along with the micro-plates subduct along the Philippine Trench. Figure 1. Internal and External part of the Earth. 2  In your previous lesson, you have learned about geothermal energy. It has been used for many years in some countries for cooking and heating. It is the energy derived from the Earth’s internal heat. This thermal energy is contained in the rocks and fluids beneath the Earth’s crust. It can be found from shallow grounds to several miles below the surface, and even farther down to the extremely hot molten rock called magma. These underground reservoirs of steam and hot water can be tapped to generate electricity or to heat and cool buildings directly. Are you aware that the heat of the Earth can also produce electricity which can be a power source? Do you know that our electricity in Puerto Princesa is being supplied by Palawan Electric Cooperative which is powered by petroleum fueled-generators? But aside from PALECO, we also have solar power plant at Bgy. Cabayugan, Puerto Princesa City. In the Philippines, we have lots of power sources like hydrothermal power plants, wind power stations and geothermal power plants. Solar Power Plant Hydrothermal Power Wind Power Station Geothermal Power Plant Plant Figure 2. Different power sources in the Philippines. Geothermal power plants are used in order to generate electricity using the Earth's internal thermal energy. Geothermal power is considered to be sustainable because the heat extraction is small compared with the Earth’s heat content. The emission intensity of existing geothermal electric plants is on average 122 kilograms of CO 2 per kilowatt-hour (kW-h) of electricity, it is about one-eighth of a conventional coal-fired plant. Unlike solar and wind energy, geothermal energy is always available ─ 365 days a year. It is also relatively inexpensive, in fact savings from direct use can be as much as 80% over fossil fuels. The Philippines is located within the Pacific Ring of Fire. This implies that it is prone to intense volcanic activity and earthquakes. Thus, there are at least 53 active volcanoes in the Philippines. Since our country is a home to more than a hundred volcanoes, energy has been tapped from them. Actually, the Philippines ranks second in the world’s production of geothermal energy. According to the Department of Energy, 14.4 % of the country’s total power generation is produced by geothermal energy. The production of electricity from geothermal energy is cheaper than the electricity production using natural gas, coal, and hydropower. In the Philippines, geothermal power plants are used to generate electricity in Tiwi (Albay), Kidapawan (North Cotabato), Calaca (Laguna), Tongonan (Leyte), Bago City (Negros Occidental), Valencia (Negros Oriental), and Bacon (Sorsogon). (Source: Liza A. Alvarez et al., Science 9: Learner’s Materials. Pasig City: Department of Education: Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR), 2017, 176-177) 3 Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines Geothermal Power Plant Location Volcano Luzon Makiling-Banawi (Mak-Ban) Bitin, Laguna Laguna Caldera Geothermal Power Plant Calaca, Laguna Mount Makiling Maibarara Geothermal Power Plant Santo Tomas, Batangas Taal Volcano Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant Tiwi, Albay Mount Malinao Bacon-Manito (Bac-Man) Bacon,Sorsogon Pocdol Geothermal Power Plant Mountains/Bacon- Manito Volcanic Group Visayas Palinpinon Geothermal Power Valencia, Negros Mount Talinis/Cuernos Plant Oriental de Negros Volcano Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant Negros Oriental Mount Talinis /Cuernos de Negros Volcano Northern Negros Geothermal Bago City, Negros Mount Kanlaon Power Plant Occidental Tongonan Geothermal Power Tongonan, Leyte Mahagnao Volcano Plant Malitbog Geothermal Power Plant Kananga, Leyte Mount Pacdahauan Mindanao Mindanao Geothermal Production Kidapawan City, North Mount Apo Field/Mt. Apo Geothemal Power Cotabato Plant Figure 2. List of Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines. Figure 3. Distribution of Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines. (Source: Department of Energy, List of Existing Power Plants, Accessed Feb.13, 2021, https://www.doe.gov.ph/list-existing-power-plants) 4 Advantages and Disadvantages of using Geothermal Power Plants Advantages of using Geothermal Power Plant Disadvantages of using Geothermal Power Plant Geothermal energy is environment There are limited places to build a friendly because the carbon footprint geothermal power station. is minimal compared to other Construction of geothermal power conventional fossil fuel resources. plants has the potential to cause Geothermal energy is free and surface instability and may trigger renewable as long as the Earth exists. earthquakes. Geothermal energy is a naturally Geothermal energy has high initial occurring resource thus there is no cost. fuel required. Geothermal sites may experience a Geothermal power plant is not weather dry spell or run out of steam even dependent like solar or wind power after years of activity. because geothermal heat pump works The harnessing of the power in a all year-round. geothermal power plant can Once Geothermal power station is potentially lead to the migration of built, the energy is almost free. the underneath greenhouse gases to the surface and may pollute the air. Figure 4. Summary of advantages and disadvantages of using Geothermal Power Plant. (Source: Energy Education, Geothermal Power Plants, Accessed February 15, 2021, https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Geothermal_power_plants) Let’s Practice Activity 1 Directions: Below are the different locations of Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines as marked by the symbol star (★). Locate each Geothermal Power Plant by writing the corresponding number in the box being provided. 1. Makiling-Banawi (Mak-Ban) Geothermal Power Plant 4 2. Maibarara Geothermal Power Plant 3. Mindanao Geothermal Production Field/Mt. Apo 5 1 Geothermal Power Plant 2 6 4. Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant 8 5. Bacon-Manito (Bac-Man) Geothermal Power Plant 6. Tongonan Geothermal Power Plant 7 7. Palinpinon Geothermal Power Plant 3 8. Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant 5  Activity 2 Directions: Using the information below, identify the location and volcanic source of the following Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines. Geothermal Power Plant Location Volcano Luzon Makiling-Banawi (Mak-Ban) Bitin, Laguna Laguna Caldera Geothermal Power Plant Calaca, Laguna Mount Makiling Maibarara Geothermal Power Plant Santo Tomas, Batangas Taal Volcano Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant Tiwi, Albay Mount Malinao Bacon-Manito (Bac-Man) Bacon,Sorsogon PocdolMountains/Bacon- Geothermal Power Plant Manito Volcanic Group Visayas Palinpinon Geothermal Power PlantValencia, Negros Oriental Mount Talinis/Cuernos de Negros Volcano Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant Negros Oriental Mount Talinis /Cuernos de Negros Volcano Northern Negros Geothermal Power Bago City, Negros Mount Kanlaon Plant Occidental Tongonan Geothermal Power Plant Tongonan, Leyte Mahagnao Volcano Malitbog Geothermal Power Plant Kananga, Leyte Mount Pacdahauan Mindanao Mindanao Geothermal Production Kidapawan City, North Mount Apo Field/Mt. Apo Geothemal Power Cotabato Plant Guide Questions: 1. What are the geothermal power plants that can be found in Luzon? 1. Maikling-Banawi (Mak-Ban) Geothermal Power Plant 2. Maibabara Geothermal Power Plant 3. Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant 4. Bacon-Manito (Bac-Man) Geothermal Power Plant 2. Where can we find the following geothermal power plants? 1. Malitbog Geothermal Power Plant- Kananga, Leyte 2. Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant- Negros Oriental 3. Northern Negros Geothermal Power Plant- Bago City, Negros Occidental 4. Palinpinon Geothermal Power Plant- Valencia, Negros Oriental 5. Tongonan Geothermal Power Plant- Tongonan, Leyte 3. Name the volcanoes that can be found in Makiling-Banawi( Mak-Ban) Geothermal Power Plant. 1. Laguna Caldera 2. Mount Makiling 6  Let’s Do More Activity 1 Directions: Read and analyze the following statements. Classify them into advantages and disadvantages of using Geothermal Power Plants. Write it on the space provided below. Geothermal energy has a high initial cost. Geothermal sites may experience a dry spell or run out of steam even after years of activity. The harnessing of the power in a geothermal power plant can potentially lead to the migration of the underneath greenhouse gases to the surface and may pollute the air. Geothermal energy is environment friendly because the carbon footprint is minimal compared to conventional fossil fuel resources. Geothermal energy is free and renewable as long as the Earth exists. Geothermal energy is a naturally occurring resource thus there is no fuel required. There are limited places to build a geothermal power station. Construction of geothermal power plants has the potential to cause surface instability and may trigger earthquakes. Geothermal Power Plant is not weather dependent like solar or wind power because geothermal heat pump works all year-round. Once Geothermal power station is built, the energy is almost free. 1. Give at least 5 advantages of using geothermal power plants. a. Geothermal energy is environment friendly because the carbon _________________________________________________________________ footprint is minimal compared to conventional fossil fuel resources. _________________________________________________________________. b. Geothermal energy is free and renewable as long as the Earth exists. _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________. c. Geothermal energy is a naturally occurring resource thus there is no fuel _________________________________________________________________ required. _________________________________________________________________. d. Geothermal Power Plant is not weather dependent like solar or wind power _________________________________________________________________ because geothermal heat pump works all year-round. _________________________________________________________________. e. Once Geothermal power station is built, the energy is almost free. _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________. 2. Give at least 5 disadvantages of using geothermal power plants? 1. There are limited places to build a geothermal power station.. 2. Construction of geothermal power plants has the potential to cause surface instability and may trigger earthquakes.. 3. Geothermal energy has a high initial cost. Geothermal sites may experience a dry spell or run out of steam even. 4. after years of activity. The harnessing of the power in a geothermal power plant can potentially. 5. lead to the migration of the underneath greenhouse gases to the surface and may pollute the air.. 7  Activity 2 Directions: Using the given clue pictures on the right column, guess the missing word/s to complete the following statements on the left column. Write your answer on the blank. Descriptions Clue Pictures 1. Our country is a home to a more than a hundred of volcanoes. 2. The Philippines is the World’s second largest producer of geothermal energy for power generation. 3. Geothermal power plants are used in order to generate electricity by the use of geothermal energy. 4. According to the ___Department of Energy__, 14.4 % of the country’s total _power generation is produced by geothermal energy. 5. The Philippines is located within the Pacific Ring of Fire. This implies that, it is prone to intense volcanic activity and earthquakes. Let’s Sum It Up Directions: Determine whether the statement is True or False. Blacken the square True if the statement supports the idea and False if the statement does not support the idea. 1. Geothermal Energy is the by-product of utilizing heat trapped inside the Earth’s surface. True. Geothermal energy is the heat energy derived within the earth. False. Geothermal energy is the energy coming from the sun. 2. The Philippines is located within the Pacific Ring of Fire. This implies that it is prone to intense volcanic activity and earthquakes. True. According to PHIVOLCS, there are at least 53 active volcanoes in the Philippines. False. According to PHIVOLCS, there are no volcanoes in the Philippines. 3. The harnessing of energy in a geothermal power plant can potentially lead to the migration of the underneath greenhouse gases to the surface and may pollute the air. True. The migration of the underneath gases contribute to the greenhouse effect. False. The migration of the underneath gases does not contribute to the greenhouse effect. 4. There are limited places to build a geothermal power station. True. Geothermal reservoirs are only found in specific locations, usually near tectonic plate boundaries or hot spots. False. Geothermal power plants can be built anywhere in the world. 5. Geothermal Energy is a non- renewable source of energy. True. Geothermal is a non-renewable energy that comes from sources that will run out or will not be replenished in our lifetime. False. Geothermal energy is a renewable source of energy because heat is continuously produced inside the earth. 8  Let’s Assess Directions: Read each item carefully and circle the letter of the correct answer. 1. What is the by-product of utilizing heat trapped inside the Earth’s surface? A. Hydrothermal energy B. Geothermal Energy C. Solar energy D. Tidal energy 2. Which statement about geothermal energy is TRUE? A. Geothermal energy does not produce any pollution, and does not contribute to the greenhouse effect. B. Harnessing Geothermal energy is close to volcanic activity so it may cause small aftershock earthquakes. C. There are limited places to build a geothermal power station. D. There is a high initial cost in building geothermal power plant. 3. What is the main disadvantage in building geothermal energy plants? A. Cost B. Global warming C. Nuclear Fallout D. Pollution 4. What potential environmental issue can occur when building a geothermal power plant? A. Depletion of the ozone layer. C. Toxic gases can be released when drilling. B. The burning of fossil fuels. D. Water pollution from the chemicals. 5. Which of the following could potentially cause surface instability and may trigger earthquakes? A. Building of solar power station. B. Construction of geothermal power plants. C. Erection of hydrothermal power plant. D. Fabrication of wind power station. 6. Which geothermal power plant can be found in Luzon? A. Bacon-Manito (Bac-Man) Geothermal Power Plant B. Palinpinon Geothermal Power Plant C. Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant D. Tongonan Geothermal Power Plant 7. What geothermal power plant is located at Kidapawan, North Cotabato? A. Maibarara Geothermal Power Plant B. Makiling-Banawi (Mak-Ban) Geothermal Power Plant C. Mindanao Geothermal Production Field/Mt. Apo Geothermal Power Plant D. Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant 8. What does geothermal power plants generate after using hot water and steam from the Earth’s interior? A. air conditioning B. electricity C. greenhouse gases D. hydropower 9. In which area/s can geothermal power plants best situated? A. Anywhere in the Philippines B. In areas where deposits of water are heated inside the Earth. C. In areas where the ground stays warm throughout the year. D. Both (A) and (C) 10. How does geothermal power plants harness energy? A. Circulating fluid underground. B. Holding water behind a dam. C. Pumping heated water or steam from rock formations. D. Using methane from decomposition. 9  Answer Key Let’s Try Let’s Practice : Activity 1 1. B Advantages Disadvantages 2. D >Geothermal energy is environmentally > There are limited places to build a 3. C friendly because the carbon footprint is geothermal power station. 4. A minimal compared to other conventional >Construction of geothermal power plants 5. C fossil fuel resources. has the potential to cause surface instability 6. A >Geothermal energy is free and renewable as and may trigger earthquakes. 7. B long as the Earth exists. > Geothermal energy has a high initial cost. 8. B > Geothermal energy is a naturally occurring > Geothermal sites may experience a dry 9. C resource thus there is no fuel required. spell or run out of steam even after years of 10. C > Geothermal power plant is not weather activity. dependent like solar or wind power because >The harnessing of the power in a Let’s geothermal heat pump works all year-round. geothermal power plant can potentially lead Assess > Once Geothermal power station is built, the to the migration of the underneath 1. B energy is almost free. greenhouse gases to the surface and may 2. A pollute the air. 3. A Activity 2: Guide Questions 4. C 1.a. Makiling-Banawi (Mak-Ban) Geothermal Power Plant 5. B b. Maibarara Geothermal Power Plant 6. C c. Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant 7. C d. Bacon-Manito (Bac-Man) Geothermal Power Plant 8. B 2. a. Kananga, Leyte d. Valencia, Negros Oriental 9. D b. Negros Oriental e. Tongonan Leyte 10. C c. Bago City, Negros Occidental 3. a. Laguna Caldera b. Mount Makiling Let’s Do More Let’s Do More Let’s Sum It Up Activity 1 Activity 2 1. □ True. Geothermal energy is the is the 1. volcanoes heat energy derived within the earth. 2. Philippines, 2. □ True. According to PHIVOLCS, there are at geothermal least 53 active volcanoes in the Philippines. 3. electricity 3. □ True. The migration of the underneath gases 4. Department of contribute to the greenhouse effect. Energy 4. □ True. Geothermal reservoirs are only found in 5. Pacific Ring of specific locations, usually near tectonic plate Fire, earthquake boundaries or hot spots. 5. □False. Geothermal energy is a renewable source of energy because heat is continuously produced inside the earth. References Book Alvarez, Liza A., Dave G. Angeles, Hernan L. Apurada, Ma. Pilar P. Carmona, Oliver A. Lahorra, Judith F. Marcaida, Ma. Regaele A. Olarte, Estrella C. Osorio, Digna C. Paningbatan, Marivic S. Rosales, and Ma. Teresa B. Delos Santos, Science 9: Learner’s Materials. Pasig City: Department of Education: Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR), 2017,176-177 Websites/Electronic Sources Geothermal Energy Pros and Cons, Comfort Pro Inc. Accessed Feb. 8, 2021, https://www.comfortpro.com/2015/06/geothermal-energy-pros-and-cons/ Geothermal Power Plants, Energy Education, Accessed February 15, 2021, https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Geothermal_power_plants Volcanoes of the Philippines, Volcano Discovery, Accessed February 4, 2021 https://www.volcanodiscovery.com/philippines.html List of Existing Power Plants, Department of Energy, Accessed Feb.13, 2021, https://www.doe.gov.ph/list-existing-power-plants 10 FEEDBACK SLIP A. FOR THE LEARNER Thank you very much for using this CLAS. 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