Hygiene Test Questions PDF

Test questions for the exam Hygiene 1 The main sources of air pollution in settlements (cities) are: Electronic industry. Thermal power plant (CHP). Enterprises of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. Chemical plants. Hydroelectric power plants (HPP). Motor transport. 2. What are the reasons f...

Test questions for the exam Hygiene 1 The main sources of air pollution in settlements (cities) are: Electronic industry. Thermal power plant (CHP). Enterprises of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. Chemical plants. Hydroelectric power plants (HPP). Motor transport. 2. What are the reasons for a toxic fog occurrence (the Los-Angeles type smog)? Calm and a fine sunny day. Temperature inversion. Presence of nitrogen oxides and ozone in the air The raised atmospheric pressure. Calm and high humidity. Presence of hydrocarbons in the air (emissions of the oil refining enterprises, exhaust gases of motor transport). 3. acute exposure to atmospheric pollutants: acute poisoning bronchial asthma attack oncogenic effect mutagenic effect 4. What quantity of carbonic acid is exhaled by the adult person within one hour? 22,6 l 3-4%. 22,4 l 10-12 l 16% 5. Principles of operation of ventilation (air exchange) in hospitals (select the correct answer): 1. it is necessary to exclude the overflow of air masses from the "dirty" zones to the "clean" ones; 2. should exclude the flow of air masses from "clean" zones to "dirty" ones 6. Ventilation systems (air exchange) in hospitals perform the following functions: prevention of nosocomial infections working conditions for workers and visitors patient treatment patient comfort 7. River water is characterized a. a small amount of suspended solids; b. high transparency; c. low transparency; d. large microbial insemination. e. a large number of suspended solids; 8. Water disinfection methods: a. microbiological b. chemical c. mechanical d. physical e. biological 9. Physical environmental factors include: indoor microclimate vibration chemical compound of atmospheric air noise microorganisms living conditions and recreation of people atmospheric electricity 10. The health of the population is assessed by indicators: hematological parameters body mass index incidence rates disability demographic indicators 11. hygiene as a science: studies the influence of environmental factors on human health develops new methods of diagnosis and treatment of diseases develops hygiene standards and preventive measures 12. What is the name of the cover of the Earth - the habitat of living organisms? Biosphere Technosphere Noosphere Troposphere 13. If you are overweight, your body mass index (BMI) is: a. >30 b. 35 d. 18,5-25 e. 25-30 14. Basal metabolic rate (BOO) is the energy for a. keeping vital functions to a minimum b. assimilation of food c. basic biochemical reactions d. vital processes e. maintaining ideal body weight 15. Periodic medical examinations: a. timely detection of early stages of diseases; b. identification of diseases, contraindications to work. c. determination of professional suitability; d. prevention of occupational pathology; 16. Dust occupational diseases are: a. asbestosis b. gastroenterocolitis c. anthracosis d. pneumoconiosis e. pyelonephritis 17. The most dangerous way for chemicals to enter the body: a. inhalation b. contact c. through the gastrointestinal tract d. through the skin 18. Long-term (delayed) impacts of harmful factors include: a. allergenic b. allergic c. irritate d. oncogenic e. mutagenic 19. A person perceives sounds with a frequency a. of 300 to 20,000 Hz. b. of 10 to 10,000 Hz. c. of 20 to 20,000 Hz. d. of 16 to 200,000 Hz 20. Personal protective equipment when exposed to local vibration: a. gloves or mittens with cork pad on the palms b. special shoes with thick soles c. special protective clothing d. special anti-vibration driver’s seat cushion 21. long-term effects of industrial poisons: a. mutagenic b. carcinogenic c. hepatoxic d. nephrotoxic e. neurotoxic 22. Hygienic value of green plantings for populated areas: Выберите один или несколько ответов: a. reduce noise. b. to improve the microclimate of territories and premises; c. has a phytoncidal and windproof effect; d. reduce the dustiness of the air and reduce its gaseous state; e. enrich the air with oxygen; 23. What children allocate to the II group of health? a. children with serious chronic diseases, invalids b. hildren, suffering chronic diseases in an active stage c. children, suffering chronic diseases in a stage of a remission d. children with deficiency or with superfluous mass 24. What children allocate to the V group of health? Выберите один ответ: a. children with serious chronic diseases, invalids b. children with deficiency or with superfluous mass c. children, suffering chronic diseases in a stage of a remission d. children, suffering chronic diseases in an active stage 25. During a medical examination of a schoolchild at the age of 14, chronic tonsillitis and caries were revealed. When viewed its growth is average, physical development is harmonious. Define a health group. a. third health group b. first health group c. second health group d. fourth health group e. fifth health group 26. One of the definitions of "climate" is correct. Which one? Climate is a combination of meteorological factors. Climate is the physical state of the atmosphere in a given place for a certain short period of time. Climate is a long-term weather pattern observed in a given area that has a significant impact on plants, animals and humans Climate is the alternation of weather conditions typical for the relief of a given region, depending on its latitude and longitude. 27. Microclimate components: air speed humidity radiant heat temperature illumination 28. Which of the following devices are used to estimate air humidity? Psychrometer Anemometer Hygrometer Weathervane Thermograph 29. The student must evaluate the microclimatic parameters in the classroom. What indicators affect human heat exchange? Air velocity in the room Radiation temperature of surfaces Relative humidity Dusty air Atmosphere pressure 30. What infectious diseases are connected with bad water quality? Struma, fluorosis, caries of dens Diphtheria, meningitis Intestinal infections, zoonoses, virus infections, helminthiases 31. One of the definitions of "weather" is correct. Which one? Weather is periodic changes of physical properties of a ground layer of the atmosphere, characteristic for a given region relief. Weather is a physical condition of the atmosphere in a given place at a certain short time interval Weather is a complex of physiological stimuli, characteristic for a given district. Weather is a combination of meteorological factors. 32. Corpuscular radiation: a. Neutron radiation b. Beta radiation c. Alpha radiation d. gamma radiation e. X-ray 33. deterministic effects (non-stochastic) of ionizing radiation: a. carcinogenic effect b. acute radiation sickness c. cataract d. radiation burns e. mutagenic effect 34. An adult's diet consists of 12% proteins, 40% fats, 47% carbohydrates (by weight). Is this food hygienic? a. Too much protein, not enough fat b. Too much fat, not enough protein c. Food is hygienic. d. too much fat, not enough carbohydrates e. Too many carbohydrates, not enough protein 35. For the characteristic of physical development, the following criteria are used: a. somatoscopic b. somatometric c. physiological; d. physiometric e. functional state of the central nervous system; 36. Principles of radiation protection of medical personnel from external radiation: a. Control of exposure time b. Radiation dose control c. Distance control d. use of antidotes e. Shielding f. use of protective masks 37. Electromagnetic radiation: a. Alpha radiation b. gamma radiation c. X-ray d. Beta radiation 38. The main symptoms of lead poisoning: a. encephalopathy b. pneumoconiosis c. Lead color d. Lead border 39. The group of mycotoxicosis does not include: a. Aflatoxicosis b. Ergotism c. Fusariotoxicosis d. Botulism 40. What food poisoning can be associated with the use of canned food? a. Botulism b. Staphylococcal intoxication c. Fusariotoxicosis d. Alimentary paroxysmal-toxic myoglobinuria 41. What are the main groups of minerals? a. water-soluble minerals b. fat-soluble minerals c. macronutrients d. trace elements e. phosphatides 42. Alimentary illness, which is characterized by symptoms of diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia: a. pellagra b. kwashiorkor c. marasmus d. cretinism e. cachexia 43. What air is called "dwelling (stuffy) air"? It is air polluted by antropotoxines It is air containing more than 1 % of carbon. It is air containing less than 0,1 % of carbon. It is air containing more than 0,1 % of carbon. 44. What are the reasons for a toxic fog occurrence (the Los-Angeles type smog)? The raised atmospheric pressure. Calm and high humidity. Presence of hydrocarbons in the air (emissions of the oil refining enterprises, exhaust gases of motor transport). Presence of nitrogen oxides and ozone in the air Calm and a fine sunny day. Temperature inversion. 45. atmospheric pollutants affect: general sanitary reflex (irritating) resorptive (toxic) organoleptic 46. What quantity of carbonic acid is exhaled by the adult person within one hour? 16% 10-12 l 22,6 l 22,4 l 3-4%. 47. Water quality indicators: a. epidemiological. b. physical; c. radiological; d. chemical; e. organoleptic; 48. The main objects of examination in hygiene: healthy person (social group, population, population of the region) microorganisms, bacteria and viruses environmental objects 49. Hygiene research methods: Sanitary-statistical method. Instrumental and laboratory method. Method of experiment. General clinical method. Method of hygienic examination survey. 50. Types of medical examinations for workers: a. periodic b. the final c. predictability d. frequent e. preliminary 51. Effects of noise on the body: a. violation of carbohydrate metabolism. b. lowering blood pressure; c. damage to the central nervous system; d. hearing loss e. increased blood pressure; 52. Working conditions are divided into classes according to the degree of danger: a. optimal and permissible b. toxic and healthy c. harmful and dangerous d. hazardous and safe 53. Non-specific noise effect: a. damage to the organ of hearing b. increased blood pressure c. lung damage d. damage to the central nervous system 54. Physical factors of the working environment: a. ionizing radiation b. gases c. hot microclimate d. electromagnetic radiation e. aerosols 55. The main symptoms of lead poisoning: a. pneumoconiosis b. Lead color c. encephalopathy d. Lead border 56. The operating room should have ventilation: mechanical supply ventilation natural ventilation (through the window) mechanical exhaust ventilation 57. Identify the main factors that determine the health of the population: Age, sex, individual, hereditary factors Lifestyle, national characteristics, religious factors, social order Food quality, lifestyle, living conditions, professional factors Climatic features, geographical location, degree of urbanization of the territory. Socio-economic, genetic, environmental, health care 58. Normal and optimal nutritional status corresponds to a body mass index: a. 25-30 b. 18,5-25 c. >30 d. >35 e.