Liver Function Questions PDF

Questions 1. **Which of the following is NOT a function of hepatocytes?** - A\) Synthesis of plasma proteins - B\) Filtration of blood - C\) Storage of Vitamin B12 - D\) Secretion of bile **Answer:** B) Filtration of blood 2. **What is the major end-product of hemogl...

Questions 1. **Which of the following is NOT a function of hepatocytes?** - A\) Synthesis of plasma proteins - B\) Filtration of blood - C\) Storage of Vitamin B12 - D\) Secretion of bile **Answer:** B) Filtration of blood 2. **What is the major end-product of hemoglobin degradation that is excreted by the liver?** - A\) Ammonia - B\) Bilirubin - C\) Albumin - D\) Urea **Answer:** B) Bilirubin 3. **A prolonged PT (prothrombin time) is indicative of dysfunction in which aspect of the liver?** - A\) Excretory function - B\) Protein synthesis - C\) Drug metabolism - D\) Carbohydrate metabolism **Answer:** B) Protein synthesis 11. **What structure divides the left and right lobes of the liver?** - A\) Portal vein - B\) Hepatic artery - C\) Glisson\'s capsule - D\) Falciform ligament **Answer:** D) Falciform ligament 12. **Which component of the liver is responsible for storing Vitamin A?** - A\) Kupffer cells - B\) Hepatocytes - C\) Hepatic stellate cells - D\) Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells **Answer:** C) Hepatic stellate cells 13. **Which of the following is NOT part of the liver's synthetic function?** - A\) Synthesis of gamma globulin - B\) Formation of urea - C\) Production of plasma proteins like albumin - D\) Synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X **Answer:** A) Synthesis of gamma globulin 14. **The hepatic artery buffer response (HABR) compensates for decreased portal vein blood flow through which mediator?** - A\) Norepinephrine - B\) Glucagon - C\) Adenosine - D\) Histamine **Answer:** C) Adenosine 15. **Which of the following lab tests is used to evaluate the excretory function of the liver?** - A\) Serum albumin - B\) ALT - C\) PT (Prothrombin Time) - D\) Direct (conjugated) bilirubin **Answer:** D) Direct (conjugated) bilirubin 16. **What is the primary cause of portal hypertension in cirrhosis?** - A\) Decreased systemic vascular resistance - B\) Increased resistance to blood flow due to fibrosis - C\) Increased hepatic artery flow - D\) High portal vein oxygenation **Answer:** B) Increased resistance to blood flow due to fibrosis 17. **In the context of anesthetic implications for liver disease, which approach is recommended to reduce the risk of CNS depression?** - A\) Avoiding fentanyl - B\) Using larger doses of drugs cleared by the liver - C\) Reducing doses of CNS depressants and lengthening intervals between doses - D\) Increasing the rate of volatile anesthetics **Answer:** C) Reducing doses of CNS depressants and lengthening intervals between doses  **Which of the following is a characteristic of hepatopulmonary syndrome?** - A\) Triad of liver dysfunction, unexplained hypoxemia, and pulmonary hypertension - B\) Only seen in acute liver disease - C\) Caused by increased renal perfusion - D\) Elevated blood ammonia levels with jaundice **Answer:** A) Triad of liver dysfunction, unexplained hypoxemia, and pulmonary hypertension  **The presence of spider angiomas in a patient with liver disease is often associated with which complication?** - A\) Portal hypertension and varices - B\) Hepatic encephalopathy - C\) Hemolysis - D\) Hypercoagulability **Answer:** A) Portal hypertension and varices  **Which type of hepatitis is most likely to develop into a chronic infection?** - A\) Type A - B\) Type B - C\) Type C - D\) Type E **Answer:** C) Type C  **What condition is indicated by an elevated prothrombin time and prolonged INR in a liver disease patient?** - A\) Elevated serum albumin levels - B\) Decreased excretory function - C\) Poor protein synthesis and clotting factor production - D\) Enhanced bile production **Answer:** C) Poor protein synthesis and clotting factor production  **How does the liver handle ammonia produced as a byproduct of protein metabolism?** - A\) It converts ammonia to urea for excretion. - B\) It directly excretes ammonia via bile. - C\) It converts ammonia to glucose. - D\) It stores ammonia in hepatocytes. **Answer:** A) It converts ammonia to urea for excretion.  **What role does albumin play in maintaining blood chemistry and volume?** - A\) Detoxification of drugs - B\) Synthesis of clotting factors - C\) Maintaining intravascular fluid volume and binding to various medications - D\) Regulating blood glucose **Answer:** C) Maintaining intravascular fluid volume and binding to various medications 1. **Which vessel supplies the majority of blood flow to the liver?** - A\) Hepatic artery - B\) Hepatic vein - C\) Portal vein - D\) Inferior vena cava **Answer:** C) Portal vein 2. **Which vessel carries nutrient-rich blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver?** - A\) Hepatic artery - B\) Hepatic vein - C\) Portal vein - D\) Superior mesenteric artery **Answer:** C) Portal vein 3. **Which vessel drains blood from the liver and delivers it to the inferior vena cava?** - A\) Hepatic artery - B\) Portal vein - C\) Hepatic vein - D\) Splenic vein **Answer:** C) Hepatic vein 4. **Which vessel has the lowest pressure among the following options?** - A\) Hepatic artery - B\) Portal vein - C\) Hepatic vein - D\) Inferior vena cava **Answer:** C) Hepatic vein 5. **The portal vein is unique in that it supplies blood to the liver that is:** - A\) Oxygen-rich but nutrient-poor - B\) Both oxygen-rich and nutrient-rich - C\) Nutrient-rich but less oxygenated - D\) Low in nutrients and low in oxygen **Answer:** C) Nutrient-rich but less oxygenated 6. **Hepatic blood flow is the combination of blood flow from which two sources?** - A\) Hepatic artery and hepatic vein - B\) Portal vein and hepatic vein - C\) Portal vein and hepatic artery - D\) Hepatic artery and celiac trunk **Answer:** C) Portal vein and hepatic artery 7. **What is the approximate average pressure in the hepatic artery?** - A\) 4 mmHg - B\) 8-10 mmHg - C\) 50 mmHg - D\) 90 mmHg **Answer:** D) 90 mmHg 8. **The hepatic artery arises from which major vessel?** - A\) Superior mesenteric artery - B\) Inferior vena cava - C\) Aorta via the celiac artery - D\) Portal vein **Answer:** C) Aorta via the celiac artery 9. **What percentage of the liver\'s oxygen supply is provided by the hepatic artery?** - A\) 20% - B\) 25% - C\) 50% - D\) 75% **Answer:** C) 50%