Question Bank PDF

Question Bank 1. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that protect against oxidation. 2. Adequate amounts of fibre can help to prevent constipation and reduce the risk of colon cancer. 3. Gastric juice contains HCL, gastric lipase, pepsin and mucin. 4. Diet high in simple sugars can cause dental...

Question Bank 1. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that protect against oxidation. 2. Adequate amounts of fibre can help to prevent constipation and reduce the risk of colon cancer. 3. Gastric juice contains HCL, gastric lipase, pepsin and mucin. 4. Diet high in simple sugars can cause dental problems such as cavities and gum disease. 5. The hypothalamus receives these hormones signals to tell us if we are hungry. 6. Linoleic acid is an essential fatty acid found in vegetable oils. 7. Chylomicron is a lipoprotein produced by cells lining in small intestine. 8. Too much vitamin A will result in birth defects and permanent damage to the liver and eyes. 9. Vitamin B12 deficiency results in low energy, fatigue, shortness of breath, pernicious anaemia. 10. Calcium is the most abundant major mineral in the body. 11. Iron overdose is the most common cause of poisoning deaths in children. 12. Iodine is an integral part of thyroid hormone. 13. Vitamin E protects LDLs, red blood cells and cell lining the lungs. 14. Processed food is usually low in potassium and high in sodium. 15. By eating these vitamin pills, we’ll get all the essential that we need for excellent health. 16. For many types of cancers, survivals have improved much over the past thirty years. 17. Inflammation-based arterial changes are a mechanism of primary importance in atherogenesis. 18. People with diabetes Mellitus benefit from the same healthy diet that is good for everyone else. 19. Produced by liver, bile is stored in the gallbladder and emulsifies fats in the small intestine. 20. Consumption of high levels of folate supplements can mask vitamin B12 deficiencies. 21. Rickets is caused by the deficiency of vitamin D. 22. Adequate calcium consumption is the most critical during the first trimester of pregnancy. 23. A deficiency of iron is the most common deficiency worldwide. 24. Both iodine toxicity and deficiency can result in hypothyroidism and goiter. 25. An apple-shape fat pattern increases a person’s risk for type II diabetes. 26. The amount of energy expended by the body in digesting, absorbing, transporting, metabolizing and storing nutrients is called thermic effects of food. 27. A small amount of EPA and DHA are made by the body from alpha-linoleic acid. 28. Dietary supplement is a product intended to supplement the diet that bears or contains dietary ingredients such as vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids. 29. Consumption of diets high in oat meals oat bran or oat flour might reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. 30. Diets high in saturated fats decreased the removal of LDLs from the blood. 31. Isothiocyanates in broccoli interfere with phase I enzymes, thereby preventing the activation of carcinogens. 32. The storage of glucose in plants is starch. 33. When consumed, a food with high glycemic index can cause a sudden rise in blood glucose level. 34. Diets high in trans fatty acids are associated with increased blood LDL-cholesterol level. 35. The longer a person exercises, glucose is used more for energy. 36. A chemical reaction that causes a protein to lose its shape and function is known as denaturation. 37. A complete protein contains sufficient amount of all nine essential amino acids. 38. The average daily intake level required to meet the needs of 97-98% of people in a particular category is known as Recommended Dietary Allowance. 39. After a meal, insulin is responsible for moving glucose into the body’s cells. 40. Histidine must be obtained from food as it is one of the essential amino acid. 41. A deficiency of vitamin D can cause rickets. 42. Adequate amounts of folate can help reduce the risk of neural tube defects. 43. Inside epithelial cells monoglycerides and free fatty acids are resynthesized to micelles, which aggregate as droplets/ Phospholipids and proteins are added to droplets to form chylomicrons, which enter the central lacteal of the villus and the lymphatic system. 44. HCL is secreted by the chief cells in the stomach to dissolve food particles and kill microbes. 45. Kwashiorkor is a disease resulting from severely inadequate intakes of protein, energy and other nutrients. 46. Vitamin C prevents the disease scurvy and enhances the absorption of iron. 47. Vitamin B12 is only found in animal-based products and its deficiency results in pernicious anaemia. 48. High fibre and caffeine will interfere with calcium absorption. 49. Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in animals. 50. Fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains are good sources of potassium, an increase in its intake can help maintain low blood pressure. 51. Insufficient in lactase production causes an in ability to digest lactose found in dairy. 52. 24-hour recall is the most popular method of obtaining dietary information. 53. Geographical location affects one’s ability to synthesize vitamin D. 54. The energy expended due to basal metabolic rate accounts for the majority of our total energy output each day. 55. A high level of sodium in blood plasma can increase the level of pressure inside the blood vessels and lead to hypertension. 56. Extreme dehydration, vomiting and diarrhoea can result in potassium deficiency. 57. Without adequate vitamin K, our blood cannot clot adequately. 58. Beriberi is the deficiency disease associated with thiamine(VB1). 59. According to the World Health Organization, worldwide an estimated 250000 to 500000 children are vitamin A deficient and develop blindness. 60. Riboflavin(VB2) is destroyed when it is exposed to light. 61. Pellagra, which often causes a scaly skin rash, results from a severe deficiency in niacin(VB3). 62. Food rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon and flaxseed, are part of heart healthy diet. 63. The monounsaturated fatty acids in extra virgin oils are bioactive ingredients that  exert cardio-protective effects. 64. The majority of nutrient absorption takes place in the small intestine. 65. A lack of fibre in the diet can lead to pockets that protrude from the wall of the large intestine in the disease called diverticulosis. 66. Glucagon is released when blood glucose levels fall too low. 67. To facilitate the digestion of dietary fats, the gallbladder stores and releases a substance known as bile. 68. The structures composed of bile and phospholipids that prepare dietary fats for absorption into the small intestinal wall are the micelles. 69. Edema is a disorder in which fluids build up in the tissue spaces of the body, causing fluid imbalance and a swollen appearance. 70. The dietary standard used to predict average energy(kcal) intake needed to maintain energy balance in healthy adults is the EER. 71. Ounce-equivalent is a term used to define a serving size that is 1-ounce, or equivalent to an ounce, for the grains section and the protein food section of MYplate. 72. Female are at a greater risk for iron deficiency than men. 73. For Asian population, BMI>23 is considered overweight. 74. Genetic factors account for 25% of a person’s body fat. 75. Prebiotic is non-digestible food ingredient that beneficially affects the host by selectively stimulating the growth/activity of a limited number of bacteria in the colon. 76. Olive oil is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids. 77. In women, a waist to hip ratio higher than 0.8 indicates an increased risk for chronic(慢性) disease. 78. A deficiency of zinc can result in severe growth retardation. 79. Deep-frying vegetable oil decreases its vitamin E content. 80. Vitamin K is given to babies by injection at birth. 81. Kiwi, broccoli and red peppers are good source of vitamin C. 82. A deficiency in vitamin A is associated with vision disorders. 83. Gluconeogenesis is the synthesis of new glucose from protein. 84. In type I diabetes, the beta cells of the pancreas may be destroyed by an autoimmune disease. 85. Sex hormones, bile and vitamin D are substances derived from sterols. 86. The two essential fatty acids are linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid. 87. Phospholipids are the key structural component of a cell’s membrane. 88. The type of vegetarian who consume dairy products but excludes all other types of animal protein is called a lactovegetarian.