Psyc3140Q Lecture Outline - Winter 2025 PDF

PSYC3140 Section Q Psychological Health, Distress, & Impairment What will be covered today 1. Introductions: Course director (me!) TAs (Audrey & Emma) 2. Review Course outline 3. Lecture: Chapter 1 How to examine psychological health & psychopathology The...

PSYC3140 Section Q Psychological Health, Distress, & Impairment What will be covered today 1. Introductions: Course director (me!) TAs (Audrey & Emma) 2. Review Course outline 3. Lecture: Chapter 1 How to examine psychological health & psychopathology The Textbook is Available in the Bookstore NOW! Course: Psychological Health, Distress, & Impairment (PSYC3140Q) Instructed by: Dr. Jennifer Lewin Barlow, D.H., Durand, V.M., Hofmann S.G., Lalumiere, M.L. (2024). Psychopathology: An Integrative Approach to Understanding, Assessing, and Treating Psychological Disorders, 7th Canadian Edition. New York: Cengage. Course Outline: Course Key for Mindtap Course Link URL: https://student.cengage.com/course-link/MTPPN P75ZH77 Course Key: MTPP-NP75-ZH77 NOTE: Mindtap is not required for this course! Psyc3140Q: Course Outline Office hours: By appointment Jennifer Lewin only Room 251 BSB [email protected] In person: Mondays & Thursdays Audrey By appointment Room 310 BSB Li-Chay-Chung only [email protected] Emma Puric By appointment Room 150C BSB [email protected] only Course Outline: Evaluation Evaluation Date Worth Test 1 Sunday, February 9, 2025 30% Test 2 Sunday, March 16, 2025 35% Test 3 During winter exam period 35% Course Outline: Test 1, 2, 3 90 to 100 multiple choice questions Based predominantly on textbook readings, some questions based on lectures and video material Approximately 65 to 75 questions = textbook, Approximately 15 to 25 questions = lectures/videos 1 short answer question (worth 10 marks each) You will be given a scenario or case study to apply concepts/knowledge learned in textbook & lecture Course Outline: Tests Tests are non-cumulative Duration: 2.5 hours to complete each test Grades posted on course website Tests are not returned To review tests, you need to book appointment with your Teaching Assistant (TA) Course Outline: Assigned Materials for each Test Test 1: Chapters 1, 2, 3 & part of 4 (pgs. 99 to 109) as well as lecture material (lectures 1, 2, 3, & 4; videos viewed in class or research studies discussed in class are testable too) Test 2: Chapter 5, and part of Chapter 6 (OCD & Related Disorders: pg. 175 to end of chapter), Chapter 7 and 8, plus lecture material (lectures 5, 6, 7, & 8; videos viewed or research studies discussed during lecture are testable as well) Test 3: Part of Chapter 6 (Somatic Disorders: start of chapter to pg. 174), chapters 12, 13, & 14 as well as lecture material from lectures 8 to 9 including videos watched/research discussed in lecture) Important Dates DATE ACTIVITY/EVENT February 9, 2025 Test 1 (2:30pm to 5pm, rm. 109 ACW) March 14, 2025 Last day to drop class w/out grade March 16, 2025 Test 2 (2:30pm to 5pm, rm. 109 ACW) During Winter Exam Test 3 (April 8 to 25, 2025) Period Course Outline: Missed Tests Email course director within 48 hours of missing a test – “psyc3140Q” should be in the subject heading Any missed tests, students MUST complete the following online form, to be received & reviewed in the Psychology undergraduate office. https://psychology.apps01.yorku.ca/machform/view. php?id=16179 Failure to complete the form within 7 calendar days of the original test date will result in a grade of zero for the test Finding the Course Website: eclass.yorku.ca What is Psychological Health? Engel, 1980) Protective Factors: e.g., resiliency Defining Psychopathology 3 cases: ANTE KATE JAKE ANTE KATE JAKE : A definition of psychopathology: The scientific study of psychological disorders (i.e., issues with behaviour, thoughts, and/or feelings) in an effort to describe, predict, explain, and treat impaired patterns of functioning Defining Psychopathology 1. Statistical infrequency Behaviour/thoughts/feelings may be pathological if they occurs infrequently in the population NOT ALWAYS! 1. Statistical infrequency: problem Not ALL infrequent behaviours should be judged as psychopathological e.g. e.g. 1. Statistical infrequency: problem How rare does it have to be, to be a detriment to psychological health? 1. Statistical infrequency: problem How rare does it have to be to be a psychological disorder? Survey: 2013 Statistics Canada re: Mood and Anxiety 12-month prevalence rates ____ (i.e., 3 million) of Canadians 18 years or older reported having had a mood or anxiety disorder ____ affect life “quite a bit” or “extremely” 2. Distress (personal suffering) many (but NOT all) people with psychological disorders report personal distress. e.g., e.g., 3. Dysfunction Breakdown in cognitive, emotional or behavioural functioning What is appropriate functioning? context-specific (unexpectedness) No clear-cut boundaries Dysfunction: continuum rather than categorical 4. Deviance (Violation of Cultural Norms) Thoughts, behaviours, or emotional reactions that run counter to cultural expectations 4. Deviance dynamic definition of psychopathology as cultural norms change over time and vary between places e.g., sexual orientation (gay/lesbian, bisexual) Current norms in flux: 5. Danger To self or others People with mental illness are 2 to 4 times more likely to be a victim of violence (rather than a perpetrator) (CMHA, 2014) Defining Psychopathology 1. Statistically infrequent 2. Distress 3. Dysfunction 4. Deviance 5. Danger DSM-V Definition of Psychopathology Behavioural, psychological, or biological dysfunctions that are unexpected in their cultural context and associated with present distress and impairment in functioning, or increased risk of suffering, death, pain or impairment Moral Therapy & Deinstitutionalization: Toronto Moral therapy = psychosocial model Dorothea Dix: “mental hygiene movement” 1850:“Provincial Lunatic Asylum” opens in Toronto (now CAMH) Good intentions: eventual overcrowding, no treatment Canadian Crusader: Clarence Hincks (1885-1964) 1918: Founded CNCMH “Canadian National Committee for Mental Hygiene” now known as Canadian Mental Health Association (CMHA) Major depressive episode at U of T – recovered! believed mental illness was treatable 1918: Toured institutions in Manitoba – appalling conditions: “cupboard/caged woman” Clarence Hincks: CNCMH 5 Objectives: 1. Psych exams & care for soldiers with “shell shock” 2. Post-war psych screening of immigrants 3. Facilities for diagnosis & treatment of mental disease 4. Adequate care of mentally “deficient” 5. Prevention Canadian Mental Health Association 1950: changed name to CMHA Today: helps more than 100 000 Canadians/year 10 000 volunteers & staff 135 branches throughout Canada Programs offered: employment assistance, housing, early psychosis intervention, stress-reduction programs, peer support… 1850: Provincial Lunatic Asylum Post WWII: 999 Queen Street Asylum life: The case of Alice G. 1893: admitted at 39 years old 1938: died, received no treatment Diagnosis: insanity due to “disappointment in love affairs” “Moral therapy” = scrubbing floors, ironing, laundry for no pay Only yearly recorded info related to tx: Redevelopment of Queen Street Site 1998: Queen Street site changed from a provincially run psychiatric hospital into a public hospital As a result of this tranformation... CAMH was created: merger between Addiction Research Foundation, the Clarke Institute, Queen Street Mental Health Centre, and Donwood Institute CAMH = Centre for Addiction and Mental Health/affliated with U of T Redevelopment of 1001 Queen Street Site: “Urban Village” CAMH Redevelopment (2010) Consumer Survivor Ex-Patient Movement Dr. Reaume: Critical Disabilities York U Prof Published in 2000: “Remembrance of Patients Past: Patient Life at the Toronto Hospital for the Insane, 1870-1940” Dr. Reaume inspired… David Reville David Reville: Psychiatric survivor and part-time instructor at TMU of “History of Madness” Consumer Survivor Ex-Patient Movement: D. Reville Consumer Survivor Initiatives: CSIs - What are they? Organizations operated exclusively by and for people with a history of mental illness In Ontario: Ontario Peer Development Initiative (OPDI) – started in 1991 Potential programs offered: one-to-one peer support; self-help & peer support groups; community-economic development; education/training for public & mental health professionals; advocacy; opportunities for CSs to develop skills; resource development based on CS knowledge; artistic & cultural activities Consumer/Survivor Initiatives Study: Nelson, Ochocka, Janzen, & Trainor (2006) Longitudinal study: baseline, 9mths, 18mths Purpose: to evaluate effects of participation in C/S initiatives on “wellbeing” 7 factors examined: social support, community integration, personal empowerment, subjective quality of life, symptom distress, utilization of hospitals, and employment/education Consumer/Survivor Initiatives Study: Nelson, Ochocka, Janzen, & Trainor (2006) Time of # of participants # of active Interviews participants Baseline (BL) 161 9-month 129 64 18-month 118 61 9-month: “Active” = participating 2 hrs or more in CSIs in 8-month period 18-month: “Active” = participating 4 hrs or more in CSI in 16-month period Consumer/Survivor Initiatives Compared: Active versus non-active members Results: 9 months: 18 months: