Properties of Well-Written Text PDF

Properties of well-written Readi ng an Text d Writ Skills ing 11 ORGANIZATION  Written by someone Identify properties of a write a well-writte...

Properties of well-written Readi ng an Text d Writ Skills ing 11 ORGANIZATION  Written by someone Identify properties of a write a well-written text. who was present at well-written the eventtext; evaluate written text based on the identified properties; and WHAT IS TEXT? WHAT IS TEXT? is defined as written material or piece of writing TEXT such as an article, essay, book, magazine, or newspaper. For a paragraph or any composition to be effective, it must always consider the properties of a well- written text ORGANIZATION COHESION AND COHERENCE PROPERTIES OF WELL-WRITTEN TEXT LANGUAGE USE MECHANICS ORGANIZATION STORY IN LET’S PLAY! PIECES!  INSTRUCTIONS Once complet o ed, discuss You will receive Wo rk t og e th er t how the piece a set of s fit shuffled pictur rearrang e th e p ie c es together and e pieces how this that form a sto to r e t h e i m a g e relates to org ry. and res anizing ideas in the c o rr e c t o rd e r. in writing.  This is also known as an arrangement that refers to the 0RGANIZATION structural framework for writing. ORGANIZATION A text is considered organized when ideas are accurately and logically arranged with a focus on the arrangements of: ID E A S INCIDENTS E V ID E N C E S DETAILS  TEXT STRUCTURE Organization can be achieved through SIGNAL WORDS the following techniques: PHYSICAL FORMAT  THREE MAJOR PARTS OF A TEXT BEGINNING END / MIDDLE CONCLUSION  Also called as the lead or the hook. It introduces the readers to the purpose of the writing by introducing characters or setting(for narrative) or BEGINNING the topic, thesis, or argument (for expository writing)  The organization of the middle of a piece of writing dependes on the genre. Researchers have identified five basic organizational structures: sequence, description, cause MIDDLE and effect, compare and contrast, and problem and solution.  It is the restatement of the thesis and majoir points, showing how the writer has proven his/her position. Possible implications of what has been discussed and END/CONCLUSION writer's conclusion may also be included. If text structures serve as the framework, signal words are textual cues that readers use to follow a text. They can “signal” the transition from one point to another , the ordering of events and concepts, or the writer’s chosen text type.  ANOTHER ASPECT OF THE ORGANIZATION THAT IS IMMEDIATELY APPARENT TO THE READER IS THE FORMAT. IT IS OBSERVED IN HOW THE TEXT PHYSICALLY APPEARS LIKE HEADINGS AND SUBHEADINGS, BULLET POINTS, OR FONT EMPHASIS. C O H E S IO N A N D COHERENCE  refers to the overall sense of COHERENCE unity in a text.  is the connection of ideas both at the sentence level COHESION and at the paragraph level.  To achieve coherence and cohesion, one technique is to use signal devices which that hint readers on how the points in your paragraph are a progression. This can be shown in the paragraphs using transitions, repetitions, synonyms, pronouns, and parallel structures. refer to words that connect one idea to another, making the writer’s ideas flow smoothly. TRANSITION include a word, a phrase, or a full sentence repeated to highlight its importance in the REPETITION entire text. The repetition of the main ideas keeps continuity and helps the readers remain focused and headed in the right direction.  are words similar in meaning SYNONYM to important words or phrases. This technique is used if direct repetition is too obvious.  are used to connect sentences by referring to preceding nouns and pronouns. They can also help create paragraphs readable by removing PRONOUN wordiness and unnecessary repetition.  include the use of matching words, phrases, clauses, or sentence structures to express similar ideas. It allows the reader to understand the PARALLEL connections between ideas and to flow smoothly from one idea, STRUCTURES sentence, or paragraph to the next. Organization is about the arrangement of ideas, incidents, details, evidence, and order.  Coherence is the connection of ideas in the concept level.  Cohesion is the connection of KEY POINTS ideas in the sentence level. LANGUAGE USE  It refers to the appropriateness of Language Use word/vocabulary usage.  6 CHARACTERISTICS OF EFFECTIVE LANGUAGE concrete and specific, not vague and abstract concise, not verbose familiar, not obscure EFFECTIVE LANGUAGE precise, not ambiguous constructive, not destructive appropriately formal  Concrete language involves tangible qualities/characteristics and things we know through our senses. Specific language CONCRETE AND designates particular items or SPECIFIC individuals cases.  It involves using the most appropriate terms to get one’s point across. Concise language means using a minimal amount of effective terms to convey one’s argument. To make the CONCISE sentence more succinct, LANGUAGE writers must avoid unnecessary words in their sentences.  It refers to words/ terms that the reader easily recognizes and understands because they use them regularly. The message has a greater effect FAMILIAR when using vocabulary that is LANGUAGE familiar to the reader.  Through the use of precise language, vocabulary of specific nouns ,and vivid verbs, you can construct clear mental images and avoid wordiness. Moreover, the use of concise language, using the fewest possible words without PRECISE sacrificing meaning, makes your writing more understandable. LANGUAGE Precise writing replaces vague terms for accurate nouns and active verbs.  The use of constructive language expresses a potentially negative in a positive way, while destructive language leads CONSTRUCTIVE the reader to blame and criticism, causing LANGUAGE defensiveness.  The formality of the language used should conform to the formality of the situation and the relationship between the FORMALITY writer and the reader. Consider the following LANGUAGE examples.  Depending on the reader, the writer’s relationship with the reader, and the circumstance, the three examples may be suitable. In one case, it might be appropriate to note that the language will be entirely permissible in another. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the objectives of your writing, and use language that is consistent with your objectives. MECHANICS  These are conventions that have to be considered in writing. Spelling, punctuation, and capitalization are MECHANICS some of the examples. To prevent confusion, it is necessary to know and follow these conventions in writing. When you write, always make sure that you are consistently using one standard regarding the spelling of your words. Remember that there are SPELLING slight differences in American English spelling and British English spelling. It is the act of using a system of symbols used to provide structure to and organize a text, such as a comma, period,quotation marks, question marks, etc. The use PUNCTUATION of punctuation directs the reader to interpret the text. Capitalization, like punctuation, helps express details. Any sentence’s first word is capitalized, signaling that a new sentence has started. To signify uniqueness, proper nouns are capitalized. However, using CAPITALIZATION capitalization merely to make a word appear or sound significant is not right.