Cold War Presentation PDF

Cold war  How the cold war started Ideologies The grand Alliance Attitudes towards each other -The USA was -Britain had fought Nazi Germany since 1939 -the president of USA was Franklin capitalistic(everything is...

Cold war  How the cold war started Ideologies The grand Alliance Attitudes towards each other -The USA was -Britain had fought Nazi Germany since 1939 -the president of USA was Franklin capitalistic(everything is and needed help from other superpowers to Roosevelt in 1941 personally owned and defeat Germany -he was tolerant towards Stalin and class system) while the -In June 1942, Japan attacked pearl harbor in Russia despite their different ideologies USSR was communist Hawaii which caused immense damage and -Joseph Stalin was Russia's leader in -The superpowers tried to finished America’s policy of isolationism in the 1941 and joined the war after 4 million ignore these differences, war at Europe German soldiers invaded Russia in 1941, but it caused problems -As a result, the USSR joined the war as well in in violation of the Molotov-Ribbentrop when they tried to work 1941 pact together. -Despite the countries ideological differences, -Stalin applied policies of collectivization Britain, The USA and the Ussr formed the and industrialization so Russia wasn’t "grand alliance” as they were the most connected to the rest of the world Reasons for end of WW2 powerful countries at that time -the USA and Britain were very critical of -Britain was extremely weak by- the Theend countries attitudes of 1943 and hadtowards each other to cooperate to these policies defeat Nazi Germany. did not change and still were suspicious of each other -Churchill was very suspicious of Stalin and wanted Roosevelt to act against communism and its spread as he suspected the soviet troops will not withdraw after the end of the war -America was very suspicious of Stalin and Roosevelt understood he needed the support to end the war -He hoped a positive relationship between the superpowers will be helpful in the future -The USSR lost 20 million in the war so needed an end but Stalin also wanted to spread communism in Eastern Europe Tehran Conference Tehran conference-aims Tehran conference-agreements Impact on USA -The Grand Alliance first met -the USA an UK would open a second front by and UK in Teheran in Iran during attacking occupied France relationship WW2 in 1943 -The soviet union would help the USA against japan -negative overall -the Aim was to plan a once Germany had been defeated impact on their winning strategy to win the -Poland would gain land from Germany, but lose land relationship second world war to the soviet union -Roosevelt was -The USA wanted the soviet -An international body should be set up after the war sometimes more union to help them in the war to ensure future peace worried that British against japan colonialism was a -The UK wanted to open a Impact on the USA and Russia’s grater threat to second front against Germany relationship world peace then from the Balkans -The conference left a positive the soviet union -The soviet union wanted to impact and communism hold onto land from Poland -both countries agreed to help each -Churchill was and for the USA and UK to other in military goals against disappointed that open a second front from Germany and Japan Roosevelt had west -Roosevelt had supported Stalin in sided with Stalin in attacking Germany from the west opening a second and not from the Balkans and not front from the from the Balkans like Churchill west, rather then wanted the east to ease the pressure on the UK  Yalta conference Aims Agreements Impact on USA and USSR -the grand alliance met in Yalta -after its defeat, relationship at the soviet union during Germany would pay -the conference had a positive impact February 1945 $20 billion in on their relationship -main aim was winning the reparations sand -The soviet union declared war second world war and governing would be split up against Japan in august 1945 post war Europe info 4 zones -The soviet union would be rewarded -The USA wanted the soviet -the Soviet union half of Germanys reparations union to confirm its support in agreed to fight -Roosevelt was pleased that the three the war against Japan and be against Japan main states of the USSR- Russia, apart of the united Nations(UN) -the soviet union Ukraine and Belarus agreed to join -The UK wanted free elections to agreed that free the UN be held in central and eastern elections would be -Roosevelt was pleased free elections Europe after the war held in eastern had been agreed to take place in -The Soviet union wanted to keep Europe Impact Europe eastern on USA and UK the territory it gained between -the soviet union relationship the soviet union and Germany would gain land -the conference had a from Poland and negative impact free elections would -Stalin wanted a pro- be held to decide communist government on its government to be elected in Poland -The UN would be whereas Churchill established, but not supported the non- all 16 members of communist party Potsdam conference Background to Aims Impact on USA and USSR conference -finalise agreements in post war relationship -the grand Europe -the conference had a negative impact alliance met a -the USA wanted to both ensure -Truman had mentioned to Stalin that few months later peace in Europe and prevent the the USA has successfully tested the at Potsdam in spread of communism atomic bomb through trinity test, which Germany July -the UK wanted free elections to be increased tensions and august 1945 held in central and eastern Europe –Stalin wanted harsher reparations -Roosevelt was after the war against Germany while Truman wanted replaced by hart -the soviet union wanted to ensure to protect German economy Truman who was that they remained powerful in -Truman was concerned with the USSR’s tougher to Stalin Agreements eastern Europe control over eastern Europe and the -Churchill was -Germany’s four zones would be spread of communism replaced by controlled by the soviet union, -Stalin wanted to keep his red army in clement Attlee USA, UK, and France Eastern Europe as protection against -Germany -berlin would also be split into 4 future threats serenaded in zones May 1945 -the soviet union would receive The USA 25%of industrial equipment from developed a new the other three zones in Germany atomic bomb -the Nazi party was banned, and -the united war criminals were to be nations had been persecuted established with  Worsening of tension Atomic bombs Stalin’s buffer zone -in august 1945, the USA dropped -to protect the USSR from future invasions he created from the end ww2 a buffer 2 atomic bombs on japan zone in eastern Europe by turning countries they liberated into satellite states with -one in Hiroshima and one in communist governments Nagasaki which both killed -Stalin took over these countries by intimidating voters, rigging elections, ignoring 120,000 civilians election results and removing noncommunist politicians -official reason for it was to reduce -Czechoslovakia was the only democracy in eastern Europe and was a threat to deaths that would happen from an USSR so communists staged a coup in February 1948 and a pro-communist invasion, force japan to surrender, government- was set up and boost morale of American -Hungry had some communists elected in 1945 but then joined powers with other troops parties and took complete control of hungry -the unofficial reason is to send a -Poland was invaded by the USSR in 1944 and put a pro-communist government message to the soviet union then rigged the 1947 elections all politicians against were forced to flee or imprisoned -Bulgaria and Romania both had popular communist partied and the USSR staged Impacts of atomic bomb fee elections that just brought power to communist governments -Stalin became more determined to protect the security of the soviet union -buffer zone -Stalin accelerated his own atomic bomb which was tested in august 1949 -cold war tensions increased dramatically between the two superpowers -both wanted to be leading, spread of communism, future wars -the defeat of japan and Germany meant the end of the grand alliance  Telegrams George Kennan's long Winston Churchill’s iron curtain speech telegram -in March 1946 Churchill visited America -he was an American and gave a speech diplomat in Moscow -because he was no longer perime minister -in February 1946 he sent he was able tp share his opinions onabout an 8000 word telegram to east-west relations the president discussing -he stated that the USSR id a threat to relations between the 2 freedom and world peace countries -he accused§ them of seizing power from -his telegram stated that eastern Europe the USSR saw capitalism -he s as a threat to communism and believed capitalism had to be destroyed -he emphasized that peace wasn’t possible -he called Truman to take a ’tough stand’ to stop communism from spreading