Introduction to Effective Presentations PDF

Introduction to Effective Presentations Dr Dina Mostafa Lecturer of Family medicine Faculty Of Medicine Menofia university ilos Define presentation skills Why are presentation skills important steps for effective presentation Key Elements of Good Presentatio...

Introduction to Effective Presentations Dr Dina Mostafa Lecturer of Family medicine Faculty Of Medicine Menofia university ilos Define presentation skills Why are presentation skills important steps for effective presentation Key Elements of Good Presentations Define audience analysis Presentation are the abilities and qualities skills necessary for creating and delivering a compelling presentation that effectively communicates information and ideas. They encompass what you say, how you structure it, and the materials you include to support what you say, such as slides, videos, or images.  Although it might be tempting to think that these are skills reserved for people interested in public speaking roles, they're critical in a diverse range of jobs. Why are presentation skills important?  Delivering effective presentations is critical in your professional and personal life. You’ll need to hone your presentation skills in various areas, such as when giving a speech, convincing your partner to make a substantial purchase, and talking to friends and family about an important situation.  Making speeches at a You'll make wedding, conference, or presentations at another event various times in your life. Examples include: Making a toast at a dinner or event Explaining projects to a team Delivering results and findings to management teams Teaching people specific methods or information Proposing a vote at community group meetings Pitching a new idea or business to potential partners or investors Key Elements of Good Presentations  Your ideas and information should be original and Content significant. deals with the substance of Use accepted and relevant your sources in your research, and presentation. reference those sources as needed. Offer a clear analysis that’s comprehensive and concise at the same time.  strive for the right amount of information for your audience’s needs and the allotted presentation time. Make sure that your content is relevant to your audience, so that they understand immediately why they should pay attention to your Organization Good organization requires a clear beginning, middle, and end. Link your ideas logically throughout the presentation to lead to an ending that resolves the problem or summarizes the situation you presented at the start. Delivery Delivery involves a range of factors body language and word choice to vocal variety. A good presenter has a passion for the subject and an ability to convey and perhaps elicit that emotion in the audience. Audience engagement through eye contact, facial expression, gestures, and/or vocal tone contributes to an effective presentation.  Delivery also deals with the confidence and professionalism with which you deliver the presentation. Hesitations, “ums,” and other types of vocal fumbling will distract your audience, while a clear, confident presentation helps to engage them. steps for effective presentation. Four (P )steps for effective ✓ Plan presentation: ✓ Prepare ✓ Practice ✓ Present Planning: According to : Goals of presentations Who’s your audience? What’s your message? Duration of the presentation Prepare Prepare yourself : control Nervousness 80 % of us get terrified, anxious , don’t sleep much the night before but we know that we going to pass through and live after to try again in better way.  Prepare Your Presentation Preparing your slides Use simple fonts, colors and graphs. Use images and clipart. 3 to 7 bullets per slide. (Short points, key words only ) Don’t over crowd your slides, Practice Practice makes a person perfect Practice again and again to manage time. present Greeting clear voice Eye contact, smile Introduce yourself / details Movement: don’t give back to you audience Avoid Hands in pockets Direct read from notes or screen. Turn back to audience Sitting down Audience analysis Audience analysis the process of gathering and interpreting information about your listeners, their needs, expectations, and preferences. By doing audience analysis, you can tailor your presentation content, structure, and delivery to suit your audience and achieve your goals.  how to do audience analysis for presentation in six steps. 1Identify your audience The first step in audience analysis is to identify who your audience is. You need to know the basic demographic characteristics of your listeners, such as their age, gender, education, occupation, culture, and language.  You also need to know the size and composition of your audience, such as how many people will attend your presentation, and whether they are homogeneous or heterogeneous. Knowing your audience will help you choose the appropriate tone, style, and level of formality for your presentation. 2Determine your purpose You need to have a clear and specific goal for your presentation, such as to inform, persuade, entertain, or inspire your audience Your purpose will guide your choice of topic, main points, supporting evidence, and call to action.  consider how your purpose aligns with your audience's needs, interests, and expectations. You want to make sure that your presentation is relevant, useful, and valuable for your listeners. 3Assess your audience's knowledge The third step in audience analysis is to assess your audience's knowledge of your topic. You need to know how much your listeners already know, or don't know, about your subject matter. You also need to know how familiar they are with the terminology, concepts, and jargon that you will use in your presentation.  Assessing your audience's knowledge will help you avoid boring them with information they already know, or confusing them with information they don't understand. You want to provide the right amount and depth of information for your audience. 4Analyze your audience's attitude The fourth step in audience analysis is to analyze your audience's attitude towards your topic, your purpose, and yourself. You need to know how your listeners feel, think, and behave in relation to your presentation. You also need to know how receptive, resistant, or indifferent they are to your message, your goal, and your credibility.  Analyzing your audience's attitude will help you anticipate and address any potential objections, questions, or concerns that they may have. You want to appeal to your audience's emotions, logic, and values. 5Adapt your presentation content You need to select and organize your content based on your audience's knowledge, attitude, and needs. You also need to use appropriate language, examples, stories, and visuals that resonate with your audience. Adapting your presentation content will help you create a clear, coherent, and compelling message that your audience can understand, remember, and act on. excitement excitement excitement 6Adapt your presentation delivery The sixth and final step in audience analysis is to adapt your presentation delivery to your audience. You need to adjust your voice, body language, eye contact, and gestures to suit your audience's expectations, preferences, and feedback. You also need to use appropriate humor, enthusiasm, and rapport to engage your audience and keep their attention.  Adapting your presentation delivery will help you communicate with confidence, credibility, and charisma. PRESENTATION SKILLS Asmaa Abubakr LECTURER OF FAMILY MEDICINE, MFM We are going to cover the following Purposes of Presentations Elements of conducting a presentation Planning for presentation Structure of presentation PRESENTATION SKILLS Well-developed presentation skills enable you to communicate clearly, precisely and effectively. It should be pointed out that they are rated as one of the most important soft skills. The ability of communicating with the audience and giving presentations should be seen as a mandatory prerequisite for both the effective learning process and the successful working life.  WHY DO WE PERFORM PRESENTATION?  6 PURPOSES OF PRESENTATIONS: 1) Providing Information. 2) Teaching a Skill. 3) Reporting Progress 4) Selling a Product or Service 5) Making a Decision 6) Solving a Problem ELEMENTS OF CONDUCTING A PRESENTATION Presenter Audience information PHASES OF CONDUCTING A PRESENTATION PLANNING STRUCTURE Planning fpr presentation  Before Working On a Presentation, We Have To Answer The Following Questions: What is the main aim of the presentation and what message you want to deliver to the audience within the time limit? What is the current knowledge level of the audience and what new knowledge or awareness do you want the audience to have gained from your presentation? What is the most effective way to communicate this knowledge?  STEPS OF PLANNING CAN BE : 1. Brainstorm : What's your topic? What do you know about the topic?... 2. Research: Use research to support your argument, find examples and statistics, or to learn more about your topic. 3. Write an outline. 4. Write a draft. 5. Plan any visual aids such as PowerPoint or any activities you want your audience to participate in Structure of presentation STRUCTURE Simply, to reach your purpose of the presentation, follow the rule of three: 1.Tell them what you are going to tell them. 2.Tell them. 3.Tell them what you have told them.  STRUCTURE Introduction Main body Conclusion Questions Timing and feedback  1-INTRODUCTION It is of key importance to get a good beginning. You should plan carefully about what point of entry will stimulate the audience  1-INTRODUCTION Objectives of introduction 1. Greet the audience and Introduce oneself. 2. Tell the subject of the presentation. 3. Set your ground rules. 4. Outline the main points that you will be covering during your presentation. Ground rules examples Smile No side talks No phone calls Adhere to questions times Try not to interrupt others and share only when someone finishes speaking Respect others’ thoughts and opinions Critique ideas, not people Don’t dominate the conversation, and give everyone a chance to speak 2-Main body This will be influenced by: 1. The general context 2. Aim of your presentation and 3. The expected audience. 4. Three or four main points are normally sufficient for a presentation of up to a half an hour. 5. Time allowed: For a longer presentation, do not exceed seven main points in order to avoid overloading your audience.  less is almost always more.  3-CONCLUSION Do not let the pace and energy of your presentation drop at the end. Always leave your audience with something memorable. Summarise the main points, including their implications It is also good practice to thank the audience for their patience and to invite questions or discussion.  4-Questions and feedback You should be well prepared with very detailed information which you can freely use during the presentation particularly if questions are asked 5-TIMING it is usually better to deliver less content at a reasonable pace, than too much content at a faster pace that may leave the audience feeling overwhelmed and confused. You should fit the topic into the allotted time and plan time for breaks, questions. Remember we had covered the following: Purposes of Presentations Elements of conducting a presentation Planning for presentation Structure of presentation Any questions? Visual aid and slide design By Dr.Nareeman Bebars Lecturer of Family Medicine  Present your work Your ideas need to be presented attractively in front of your audience. So having a software program that serve your work is a necessity. There are many software programs that are available online and offline, free or purchased There are many alternatives for presentation Microsoft powerpoint Libreoffice powerpoint Google slides WPS office free Prezi Canva All these applications have one common feature, It is a Presentation! Feature Layout Font s of ideal Lines Animation slides  Powerpoint layout Headings, subheadings, and logos should show up in the same spot on each frame Margins, fonts, font size, and colors should be consistent with graphics located in the same general position on each frame Lines, boxes, borders, and open space also should be consistent throughout  Importance Good presentation design follows specific design principles that help in maintaining audience engagement and ensuring that your message is delivered effectively  Design principles for effective slide design These are Simplicity. Follow visual hierarchy Alignment, and emphasis. Design contrast for readability. Repetition for cohesion. Proximity for organizational clarity  Simplicity Aim for one main idea per slide to avoid overwhelming viewers. Use short, concise bullet points or keywords. Keep text brief. If more information is necessary, explain it verbally or provide a handout. White space: use white space to give elements room to "breathe" and to make slides look uncluttered.  Visual hierarchy Emphasize key points: use size, bolding, or color to make the main points stand out. Important information should be larger or differently styled than supporting details. Logical flow: organize content so viewers can easily follow along. Use a clear title, followed by supporting information, and end with key take  Fonts and Typography Readable fonts: use sans-serif fonts like arial, helvetica, or calibri for readability. For emphasis, you can use a contrasting serif font in titles. Size matters: titles should be larger (around 36–44 pt), while body text can be around 24–28 pt. Avoid making any text too small; even back-row viewers should see it clearly. Limit font types: stick to 1-2 font families throughout to keep the presentation looking polished.  Fonts type Font Style Should be Readable –Recommended fonts: Arial, Tahoma, Veranda Standardize the Font Throughout –This presentation is in Arial  Font Size The larger, the better. Remember, your slides must be readable, even at the back of the room. This is a good title size Verdana 40 point A good subtitle or bullet point size Verdana 32 point  Font Size Content text should be no smaller than verdana 24 point This font size is not recommended for content. Verdana 12 point.  Fonts Don’t Sacrifice Readability for Style DON’T SACRIFICE READABILITY FOR STYLE Don’t Sacrifice Readability for Style Don’t Sacrifice Readability for Style  Do not use all capital letters –Makes text hard to read Don’tuse multiple backgrounds in your presentation Changing the style is distracting  Colors Reds and oranges are high-energy but can be difficult to stay focused on. Greens, blues, and browns are good, but not as attention grabbing.blue color reflects trust. Reds and Greens can be difficult to see for those who are color blind.  Avoid these combinations Examples: –Green on Blue –Dark Yellow on Green –Purple on Blue –Orange on Green –Red on Green  Colors Dark Slides with Light Colored Text Work Best  The Color Wheel Adjacent colors harmonize with one another (Green and Yellow) Colors directly opposite one another are said to CLASH Clashing colors provide readability – Orange on Blue  Visual aids and slide design Limit the number of elements on each slide. A clean, minimal layout directs focus and reduces cognitive load. Use One Idea per Slide. single slide; this can overwhelm the audience. Instead, break down complex ideas across multiple slides.  Graphs and charts Use Charts and Graphs for Data: Visualize complex data through bar graphs, line charts, or pie charts, which are easier to understand at a glance than tables or text. Graphs and charts Graphs and charts Make sure the audience can read them!  Graphs and chart High-quality images: low-resolution images can make your presentation look unprofessional. Choose clear, high-quality images that add meaning and match the theme. Avoid overcrowding with graphics: keep it simple—images or icons should enhance, not distract.  Graphs and chart Avoid overloading with text: instead of filling a slide with bullet points, use a relevant image with one or two keywords. Icons and illustrations: icons can add visual interest without taking up much space. They’re especially useful for representing concepts quickly.  Graphs and chart Avoid using graphics that are difficult to read. In this example, the bright colors on a white background and the small font make the graph hard to read. It would be very difficult to see, especially in the back of a room. Don’t !  This is a good, readable table. Tables, especially large ones, should be placed on a separate slide. 4/19 Fri 109 NICMOS restarted, Ne-loop control continues 4/22 Mon 112 Change to mounting cup control 4/23 Tue 134 Return to Ne control, Filter wheel test begins 4/24 Wed 155 Increase control temperature to allow for +2 K variations 4/25 Thur 165 Begin darks every 3rd orbit 4/26 Fri 174 DQE test visit 1; Control temp +0.5 K  Limit each slide to one idea Use bullet points to cover components of each idea. Keep each bullet to 1 line, 2 at the most Limit the number of bullets in a screen to 6, 4.  Animation and transitions Use Animations Sparingly: While animations can help to emphasize certain points, excessive animation can be distracting. Stick to simple transitions or animations that help direct focus. Avoid Complex Transitions: Stick to basic transitions (e.g., fade or appear) that feel smooth and don’t detract from the message.  AVOID THE “ALL WORD” SLIDE Another thing to avoid is the use of a large block paragraph to introduce your information. Attendees do not like to have what is on the screen, read to them So, please use short, bulleted statements. Also, it is difficult for some to listen and read a large amount of text at the same time.  Limit animation ! Use the same animation throughout the entire presentation Using more than one can be very distracting – The audience will only see the animation and not the message you’re trying to get across  POINTS TO REMEMBER Limit each slide to 1 idea Limit each bullet point to only a few words to avoid long sentences that go on and on! Limit animation  Points to remember Keep bullet points brief Use the same background for each slide Use dark slides with light colored text in large hall events  ANY QUESTION!!! THANK YOU Public speaking PROF DR HALA MOHAMMED SHAHEE N PROFES SOR FAMILY MEDICINE Learning objectives: ❖Recognize the importance of public speaking ❖Identify the essential items for public speaking ❖Differentiate between talking and public speaking ❖Identify the challenge ❖Practice essential tips for improving public speaking Contents: Background Definition Public speaking versus conversation (talking) Benefit of public speaking Five basic element of public speaking Common challenges How to improve public speaking Focus on overcoming nervousness and building confidence Background : The study of public speaking began about 2,500 years ago in ancient Athens. Aristotle is one of the most famous ancient scholars to study public speaking. In the 21st century, you must communicate effectively to succeed. More and more we are required to speak in public, at conferences, during business meetings, accepting awards, teaching a class, during media events and many other occasions. What is public speaking and why I (we) need it? Definition : Communicating information Infront a large audience. It is an essential life skill in the modern world, full of meetings, conferences and networking events. There are many aspects to public speaking, from picking a topic and writing a speech, to answering questions from the audience. Public speaking is usually a formal, face-to-face speech to either a single person or group of listeners. Public speaking versus talking hm Conversation (talking ) formal, planned, and structured Not formal, planned, and structured one-sided and carried out in Two side and in front few audience front of a larger audience Formal more casual and interactive One side conversation offers opportunities for more than one person to talk. Speak I need to speak with the Talk Let's talk over lunch. Ahmed More formal tone Benefits of Public Speaking Improved Communication Skills: Public speaking enhances the ability to articulate thoughts clearly, express ideas effectively, and engage with others. Increased Confidence: Mastering public speaking can boost self-confidence and self-esteem. Career Advancement: Being an effective communicator can open doors to new opportunities and help stand out among peers. Influence and Persuasion: Public speakers have the power to influence, inspire, and motivate others. By delivering compelling speeches, it can shape opinions, drive change, and make a lasting impact. Expanded Network: exposes to diverse audiences, allowing to connect with like-minded individuals, experts. Enhanced Leadership Abilities: it is a fundamental leadership skill. It equips person with the tools to lead teams effectively, convey visions, and rally support for his/her ideas. Critical Thinking: Preparing speeches requires analyzing information, organizing thoughts logically. These processes enhance critical thinking skills. Personal Development: Overcoming the challenges of public speaking promotes personal growth by pushing him/ her outside comfort zone and encouraging continuous learning. Effective Storytelling: Public speakers often incorporate storytelling techniques to captivate audiences emotionally and deliver memorable messages. Positive Influence on Others: A skilled public speaker can inspire and empower individuals by sharing knowledge, experiences, and valuable insights. Who is saying ? what to whom using ? what medium with what effect? There are five basic elements of public speaking: Who What Whom source message audience Medium Effect actual delivery intent method Common Challenges in Public Speaking Anxiety and fear of speaking in front of a crowd: It is normal to feel nervous before a speech, but excessive anxiety can lead to inferior performance and lack of confidence. Lack of preparation: Inadequate preparation can lead to disorganized thoughts, lack of focus, and difficulty in delivering the intended message. Poor body language: Nonverbal cues (eye contact, posture, and gestures play essential role in public speaking. Poor body language can distract the audience and undermine the speaker’s credibility. Lack of audience engagement: A speech that fails to engage the audience can be dull and uninteresting. It is essential to connect with the audience by using humor, storytelling, or other effective techniques. Going blank or waffling: Losing track of thoughts or forgetting key points can be frustrating and embarrassing for the speaker. Inattention to the audience: Focusing too much on oneself or one’s message can lead to ignoring the audience’s needs and interests. Tips for Improving Public Speaking Skills Establish Trust with Your Audience: Establishing credibility is important. Speak with an authoritative voice, maintain eye contact, and demonstrate that you understand your audience. Work on Confidence: Build confidence by practicing deep breathing and maintaining positive thoughts. Remember that confidence is key when speaking in front of a large audience. Prepare Thoroughly: Prepare your speech by going over your notes multiple times and practicing extensively. Videotape yourself or ask a friend to critique your performance. Structure Presentation: Create a framework for speech by organizing thoughts and ensuring a clear message. Having a well-structured presentation helps deliver message effectively. Pay Attention to Body Language: Nonverbal cues such as eye contact, posture, and gestures play a crucial role in public speaking. Practice good body language to engage the audience and establish credibility. Engage the Audience: Connect with the audience by using humor, storytelling, or other effective techniques. Engaging the audience makes speech more interesting and memorable. Manage public speaking anxiety Select a topic of interest to you Prepare carefully–know material Practice–rehearse talk with a friend Know audience Challenge negative thinking–make 3 x 5 cards of positive thoughts or have friends write out inspirational thoughts for you. Expect positive reactions–expect success! Know the room–if unfamiliar, visit your speaking space before you talk. Employ aerobic exercise strategies–daily aerobic exercise can cut anxiety by 50%. Eat for success- foods containing tryptophan (dairy products) and complex carbohydrates tend to calm the body. Eliminate caffeine, sweets, and empty calories. Sleep for success–know and get the number of hours of sleep you need for optimal performance. The Day of the Presentation ❑Eat several hours before the talk–not immediately before ❑Dress for success–your success! Dress comfortably and appropriately for the situation. Look your best ❑Challenge negative thinking–Continue positive thinking ❑ If you need to, express your fears to a friend ❑Review 3 x 5 cards of inspirational thoughts ❑Practice your talk one last time ❑Go to the room early to ready equipment and your podium. ❑Exercise immediately before the talk to reduce adrenalin levels. ❑Employ anxiety reduction techniques ❑Aerobic exercise -Deep muscle relaxation ❑Deep, rhythmic breathing (4 hold 7) ❑Use the restroom immediately before the talk ❑Take a glass of water to the talk The Presentation: A positive experience stemming from careful preparation ❑Interpret anxiety symptoms as excitement ❑Use the podium to practice grounding strategies. Touch the podium to steady yourself and to remind yourself that you are safely connected to the ground which is firm and steady beneath your feet. ❑Take a security blanket with you i.e. a complete typed version of your talk to only be used as a backup strategy. ❑PowerPoint presentation ❑Video film clips ❑Handouts ❑Look at friendly faces in your audience ❑Use humor as needed ❑Use the room’s physical space to your advantage–walk around as appropriate. ❑Appropriately regulate your voice ❑Speak clearly ❑Open your mouth ❑Slow down if necessary ❑Project your voice–use energy when you speak ❑Use appropriate animation How to speak with confidence in public ❑Preparation and organization ❑Positive mental imagery ❑Managing nerves ❑Pausing ❑Practice ❑Confident body language ❑Speak slowly ❑Connect with audience from the start ❑Friendly faces ❑Identify and challenge your excuses ❑Focus on your message Create a stage persona It can be tempting to imitate favored public speakers but it’s better to work out what your characteristics as a speaker are and then amplify these. To develop a confident stage persona ask yourself: What are my best characteristics as a speaker? E.g. Am I empathetic? Humorous? etc. What are my features as a speaker? E.g. Do I gesticulate a lot? Am I energetic? Do I stick to the script or do I improvise? etc. Humour More experienced and confident public speakers use humour in their presentations. The audience will be incredibly engaged if you make them laugh and it lightens the mood which will make you feel more comfortable. But caution must be exercised when using humour because a joke can be misinterpreted and even offend the audience. Only use jokes if you’re confident with this technique and it’s suitable for the situation. Making fun of yourself is usually a safe way of using humour and it cultivates trust. Be prepared for mistakes Mistakes happen all the time but reacting awkwardly can make the audience feel uncomfortable. It’s better to laugh at yourself so consider preparing one-liners to fall back on if you do make a mistake. Having this back-up can make you feel more secure. Recognize the positives afterwards After delivering a presentation it’s typical of some people to only focus on the negatives of the presentation. By doing this you’re ignoring the positives even though there were probably more of these compared to the amount of negatives. Acknowledge these positives and write them down so you can remind yourself in the future and challenge your negative predictions. It’s important to accept that you’re probably going to be nervous when you present but most people experience this feeling and it doesn’t ruin presentations. Have confidence in what you’re saying and convert your nerves into something helpful. You won’t develop your confidence if you don’t push yourself and if you avoid uncomfortable situations. How to engage audience in presentation PROF DR HALA MOHAMMED SHAHEE N PROFES SOR OF FAMILY MEDICINE Learning objectives : ❖Recognize the importance of audience engagement ❖Identify different types of engagement ❖Identify to assess audience needs. ❖Identify how to improve audience engagement ❖Practice some skills to improve audience engagement Content : ❑Introduction ❑Definition of audience engagement ❑Role of audience during presentation ❑Types of target audiences groups ❑How to determine audience needs ❑How to determine audience engagement in presentation ❑How to improve audience engagement in presentation ❑Skills of asking questions- story telling Introduction There are different types of target audience one can choose. The real success depends on targeting the right audience with personalized strategies. Factors like age, gender, location, income, and psychographics play an important role. ▪The degree of interaction and involvement of individuals in a particular activity or event. ▪It is a dynamic relationship with audience (attention, interest, and emotional connection ). ▪It varies based on the nature of the audience, the platform used, and the goals of the engagement. ▪A high level of audience engagement signifies that your message resonates with your audience. The Role of Audience During Presentation ▪Come to the presentation room on time. Do not arrive in the mid of the presentation ▪use a pen and pad to note down the important points during presentation. ▪If the audience does not agree with the view point of the presenter. In such a situation clarify doubts politely, never be rude towards presenter ▪Make consistent eye contact with the presenter and do not show such expressions that you are feeling irritated or uncomfortable sitting over there. ▪Just like a presenter should follow a professional dressing sense, same rule is applicable to audience also. Types of target audiences ▪Demographics (age, gender, income, education, occupation, marital status) ▪Psychographics: Segmentation by lifestyle, values, beliefs, interests, and attitudes ▪Behavior: Analyzing consumer behaviors such as purchasing patterns, usage frequency, and decision-making processes allows for targeted marketing. ▪Geography: Categorizing audiences based on geographic locations. ▪B2B (Business-to-Business): Targeting businesses involves focusing on specific industries,decision-makers, and job roles. ▪Ethnic/Cultural: Segmenting audiences based on cultural backgrounds, traditions, and languages ▪Health-Conscious: Given the emphasis on health and wellness, targeting individuals interested in fitness, organic products or specific dietary preferences How to determine audience ‘s need Strategies to engage the audience ❑Describe a scene or a character. ❑Tell a story. ❑Share a personal experience. ❑Relate to a recent event. ❑Point out something important about the audience or the current setting ❑Ask Questions: Encourage audience participation by asking questions throughout your presentation. This turns talk into a dialogue ❑Icebreakers: Start presentation with an icebreaker to grab audience’s attention and set a positive tone. This helps build rapport and keeps the audience focused. ❑Interactive Elements: Use polls, quizzes, or other interactive elements to add interest and break up presentation. ❑Q&A Sessions: Allocate time for a question-and-answer session at the end of presentation to address any uncertainties fosters dialogue and clarifies points. ❑Gamify Your Presentation: Add gamification elements such as quizzes, games, or challenges to make your presentation more interactive ❑Humor: Incorporate humor into presentation to lighten the mood and engage audience. This creates a positive atmosphere and makes content more enjoyable. ❑Encourage Physical Interaction: Encourage audience members to interact physically with the presentation or presenter. This fosters engagement and encourages deeper thinking about the topic. ▪ Different types of engagement ❑Physical Engagement: Raise their hands. For longer presentations, consider a stretch break in between. Have people write ideas on flipcharts, post-it notes or just their notepads – the act of writing itself induces engagement. ❑Mental Engagement Fight back against your audience’s tendency to zone out or multitask by encouraging cognitive engagement. There are three simple ways to do this: ask questions throughout presentation; incorporate provocative statements, data, and stats; and introduce smart analogies. Ask a question: people almost automatically start to consider their answer, thereby moving them from passive listening to active participation. Provocative statements or compelling data encourage curiosity and encourage your audience to internally ask their own questions. ❑Emotional engagement Tell stories that invoke the kind of emotion you want. Use emotional visuals – pictures of people expressing the emotion you want to create or scenes that can spark an emotional response. Speak to the audience’s hopes and fears. Use humour where appropriate. Combining Engagement Techniques: You don’t need to rely on only one engagement technique at a time. Instead, combine them to increase and enhance their effect. Tools for Boosting Audience Engagement in Presentations 1-PowerPoint Presentation 2-The Power of Storytelling Storytelling is a potent tool for audience engagement. It stimulates listeners imagination, and fosters an emotional connection 3-Open-ended Questions Open-ended questions stimulate thought and encourage active participation. Unlike closed-ended questions, which limit responses to specific options, open-ended questions invite a wide range of answers, allowing audiences to express their thoughts, feelings, and ideas freely. 4- Group Activities Group activities promote collaboration and stimulate critical thinking. You can facilitate in-depth discussions, problem- solving tasks, or brainstorming sessions by dividing your audience into smaller groups Storytelling technique People may not remember facts and figures. But they remember stories. A good story makes your message relatable, memorable, and emotionally resonant. A well-crafted story can transport your audience into a different world, helping them better understand and remember your message Everyone uses visuals in their presentation. But are you using them right? Stop using images to decorate your slides. Think of them as vital parts of the story – let them add to, enhance or tell part of the story for you. For example, instead of saying your team is efficient, show a picture of a relay team winning a race and ask the audience to link that image to your team. Invoke emotions in your storytelling. Whether it’s joy, sadness, excitement, or empathy, emotions create a deeper connection with your audience Asking question Obtaining information: The main reason to question is to obtain information about a particular topic. Getting clarity: Asking questions can allow you to get clarity on something you don't understand. Testing knowledge: These skills can allow you to test other individuals' knowledge on specific subjects. Expressing interest: You can use these skills to show interest in job opportunities, which may impress recruiters. Encouraging thought: You can use questions to challenge others to think about a specific topic differently. Closed questions: These questions require a short answer such as 'yes' or 'no'. Open questions: These questions require longer and more creative responses. Recall questions: These questions require some thought to recall information. Funneling questions: This type of questioning involves starting with open questions and progressing to close questions or the other way around. Counsellors and detectives can use this style of questioning. Be specific Try to make your questions as specific as possible to ensure you receive accurate responses. 2. Ask questions regularly Asking questions regularly allows you to improve how you phrase your questions. Repeatedly asking questions can also show you the types of questions that get effective responses.3. Encourage answers If you're asking questions to a large audience, such as at a conference or an event, encourage audience participation. 4. Listen to responses keenly  Non-verbal Communication in presentation Presented by Dr Enshad Badawy ILOs 1-define non-verbal communication and its importance in presentation 2-differentiate the different types of non- verbal communication Definition Nonverbal communication refers to the transmission of messages without words, utilizing body language, paralanguage and proxemics. Types of non-verbal communication: I Kinesics (body language) II Para-language III Proxemics (space and time language) I Kinesics (Body Language in Presentations) - Components of kinesis Posture: Open Posture: Standing or sitting with shoulders back and arms relaxed conveys.confidence and approachability Closed Posture: Crossing arms or hunching can signal defensiveness or disinterest Posture Posture Gestures Purposeful Gestures: Hand movements that emphasize points can enhance.understanding and retention. Facial Expressions Smile: A genuine smile fosters a positive atmosphere and engages the audience Eye Contact Connection: Making eye contact with different audience members helps create a.connection and shows confidence Eye contact Movement Purposeful Movement: Walking to different areas of the stage can engage different.sections of the audience and maintain energy Avoiding Excessive Movement: movements without purpose can be distracting II Paralanguage in Presentations Definition: Paralanguage refers to the non-verbal elements of communication that accompany speech. Components of Paralanguage Components of Paralanguage Tone The tone of voice can express emotions such as enthusiasm, sarcasm, or seriousness, influencing how the message is received. Pitch A higher pitch may convey excitement, while a lower pitch can indicate authority. Monotone speech can lead to audience.disengagement Volume Adjusting volume can emphasize key ideas. Speaking loudly can convey confidence, while softer speech can draw attention to more sensitive topics Pace Speaking too quickly can overwhelm the audience, while a slower pace allows for better understanding and reflection on.complex points Pauses Well-timed pauses can emphasize important information and give the audience time to.absorb what’s been said Pauses can also help manage nervousness and give the speaker a moment to collect their thoughts III Proxemics in presentation Definition Proxemics is the study of personal space and how it affects communication. It involves understanding how physical distance between individuals conveys meaning in social interactions Zones of Proxemics Zones of Proxemics 1-Intimate Distance (0-18 inches):45 Used for close relationships, such as family or close friends; allows for.physical touch 2-Personal Distance (18 inches to 4 feet): 45-1.25 Common for conversations among friends; maintains a level of intimacy while allowing for comfort 3-Social Distance (4 to 12 feet):1.25-3.5 Typical for professional interactions or casual conversations; maintains a more.formal tone 4-Public Distance (12 feet and beyond): Used for public speaking or addressing a larger group; minimizes personal interaction Components of Proxemics: Personal Space Refers to the invisible boundary that people maintain around themselves. Audience Comfort: Respecting personal space helps the audience feel comfortable and engaged. Invading personal space can lead to.discomfort or disengagement Distance Management: The appropriate distance varies by context and culture; maintaining a respectful distance helps foster a positive atmosphere Spatial Arrangement. Stage Presence: How a presenter positions themselves on stage can influence audience perception. Moving closer to the audience can create intimacy, while standing further away.may convey authority Use of Space: Utilizing the stage effectively (e.g., moving to different areas) can keep the audience visually engaged and reinforce points Group Dynamics Engaging Smaller Groups: In smaller settings, closer proximity can facilitate interaction and encourage questions,.making the presentation more dynamic Maintaining Eye Contact: Adjusting proximity allows for better eye contact, which enhances connection and communication Impact on Communication Close Proximity: Can signal intimacy, trust, and engagement, but may also feel intrusive if unwanted Increased Distance: Can suggest formality, professionalism, or disinterest  Importance of Nonverbal Communication in Presentations -Enhances Understanding -Builds Connection -Positive body language, like eye contact and open posture, fosters rapport and trust between the presenter and the audience,.enhancing engagement - Conveys Emotion helping to create an emotional connection with the content -Indicates Confidence -Increasing the speaker's credibility -Increases Engagement -Supports Memory Retention -Influences Perception Thank you