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Architecture Design 1 AR 131 This presentation's contents were taken from different Internet website sources for classroom purposes only and are not claimed by the presenter. This learning material must not be uploaded to the internet o...
Architecture Design 1 AR 131 This presentation's contents were taken from different Internet website sources for classroom purposes only and are not claimed by the presenter. This learning material must not be uploaded to the internet or posted on any social media platform outside of our Group Chat of Architecture Design 1 Class. MODULE 1.0 AR. HERNANI COLUMBRES, UAP Architecture definition as per curriculum: Architecture is concerned with providing the students with comprehensive knowledge, skill and competence in the architecture and their total growth and development within the framework of democratic ideals and values; and the preservation, conservation, and promotion of the Filipino Architecture heritage within the global context, thus making the architecture curriculum relevant to the present needs and latest international trends. General Definition of Architecture: Architecture is the art and science of designing and constructing buildings, structures, and spaces that serve various purposes for human use and habitation. It involves the planning, designing, and execution of buildings, taking into consideration aesthetic, functional, environmental, cultural, and social aspects. Architects are professionals who are trained and skilled in creating spaces that are not only visually appealing but also meet the needs and requirements of the users. 1. Definition of Architecture Architecture could be basically defined as ‘the art and science of designing and constructing buildings’. As a word, ‘architecture’ can carry several other meanings, such as: 1. The product or result of architectural work: buildings, urban areas and landscapes. 2. A style or method of building characteristic of a people, place or time. 3. The profession of designing buildings and other habitable environments by architects. 4. The conscious act of forming things resulting in a unifying or coherent structure. In its most simple form, architecture is the design and organization of spaces, and in its most common form, it is the design of buildings, their interiors and surrounding spaces. The architect acts a designer, who can work in a wide range of scales, from a scale as large as the planning of a city, up to a scale as small as the design of a chair. The product or results of architectural works buildings collectively A style or methods of building characteristic of a people, place or time The profession of designing buildings and other habitable environments The construction of forming things resulting in a satisfying or coherent structure 2. Etymology of the Word ‘Architecture’ Etymologically (in terms of the root of the word), the word ‘architecture’ comes from the Greek arkhitekton (ἀρχιτέκτων), which is a combination of the word arkhi, meaning “chief ” or “master”, and tekton, meaning “mason” or “builder”. In line with the etymology, architectureused to denote both the process and the product of designing and constructing buildings; and the architect used to be known as the “master mason” or “master builder” in the past. 3. Origin of Architecture Architecture, among the earliest professions, arose from humanity's need for shelter and safety. Initially driven by essential needs like protection and worship, it developed based on available resources and skills. As cultures advanced, construction evolved from craft to a formal practice led by educated experts, termed 'architecture'. 4. Natural form, Man-made form, Architectural artifact As the famous architect Louis Kahn says “architecture is what nature cannot make”. Indeed, human beings are one of the few animals that can build buildings. Structures that some animals build, such as some birds’, bees’, or white ants’ nests, indeed resemble our buildings in terms of their structural economy. Various creatures worldwide showcase remarkable architectural feats. South American Rufous-breasted Spinetail crafts a dual-room nest connected by a tube. White blind ants erect mud structures, while the nautilus mollusk fashions a calcium carbonate shell, adding larger chambers as it grows. These creations encapsulate nature's history, akin to architectural heritage. Architecture serves as humanity's shell, our consciously crafted environment. Unlike animals, humans construct with thought. Building reflects conscious design, diverging from genetic coding seen in animal nests. Our structures meet needs, while also conveying values and sensations, notably cultural, setting human-made creations apart from natural animal habitats. Evolving experience, knowledge, culture, and environment prompt changes in our architectural environment. Preserving the "shell" of the past safeguards identity and cultural heritage. John Ruskin noted nations' autobiographies in deeds, words, and art. Architecture embodies this history and literature, a tangible record reflecting the people, their values, and their journey. Architecture encapsulates societal values: Empire State symbolizes 20th-century capitalism, while the Big Donut portrays car- centric living. Unlike other arts, architecture unavoidably molds behaviors. From awe in Karnak's hall to Suleymaniye's dome, or the allure of Falling Water House, spaces evoke emotions. Even room colors influence us, making architecture an inescapable, influential art form. Architecture balances form and function, prioritizing both appearance and practicality. Unlike art, it melds aesthetics, function, and structure. Architects consider more than beauty, focusing on purposeful design. While art expresses emotions, architecture's fusion of aesthetics and utility limits its freedom, requiring thoughtful consideration of its inhabitants and their needs. 5. Fundamentals of Architecture Vitruvius' "De architectura" established enduring architectural principles: firmness, functionality, and beauty. Structures must endure, serve purpose, and offer aesthetic pleasure. These timeless ideals anchor design across ages, necessitating a blend of arts, science, and humanities. Architects require varied knowledge, including aesthetics, technology, sociology, for creating functional, beautiful, and lasting works. Therefore, the ultimate test of architecture is made with the following questions: 1. Is the building functional? (Could it be used effectively and easily?) 2. Is the building firm? (Is its structure firm enough to carry all the weights it should carry, such as its own weight, its users’ weights, and the forces of the wind and the earthquake? And, Are its materials durable enough to withstand many years of use?) 3. Is the building beautiful? (Does the building give visual delight to the user and the viewer; is it aesthetic and pleasing?) 6. Scope of Architecture Architects, akin to master builders, unite design and construction, excelling in form, function, structure, materials, and environmental aspects. Sites dictate layout, materials, and orientation. Architecture manages light, heating, acoustics, color, and texture for comfort. Symbolism shapes structures like religious or iconic buildings. Architecture blends art and science, crafting purposeful, culturally resonant spaces. 7. Architectural production and creativity Architectural creation starts with a concept, shaped by function, site, and culture. This evolves into form, merging functions with structure and materials. The process addresses acoustics, lighting, and space. Architecture, akin to design, requires innovative problem-solving. Designers draw from diverse sources for inspiration, weaving originality with relevance to craft distinctive and fitting architectural solutions. 8. Course Description and Objectives This course imparts essential architectural knowledge by teaching foundational elements, vocabulary, and composition principles. It explores form, space, and their manipulation in concept development, enabling effective navigation of architectural design. Just as language has letters and grammar, architecture has its elements and principles, vital for design success. Why Architecture is a science? Architecture is considered a science because it involves the systematic study, analysis, and application of knowledge to create functional, aesthetic, and structurally sound built environments. In essence, architecture is a science because it draws upon a broad range of scientific knowledge and methodologies to create functional, aesthetically pleasing, and environmentally responsible built environments. While it's also an art due to the creative and expressive aspects of design, its scientific foundation is essential for producing structures that are safe, efficient, and responsive to the needs of individuals and society. Here are some reasons why architecture is often categorized as a science: 1. Systematic Knowledge 2. Empirical Observations 3. Problem-Solving 4. Research and Innovation 5. Structural Engineering 6. Environmental Considerations 7. Human-Centered Design 8. Codes and Regulations 9. Collaboration with Experts 10. Predictive Models Vitruvius was a Roman Architect and Engineer during the 1st century BC, known for his multi-volume work titled De Architectura. He originated the idea that all buildings should have three attributes: Firmitas, Utilitas, and Venustas. Vitruvian Man (c. 1492) Galleria dell‘ Accademia, Venice. Leonardo da Vinci's illustration of the human body derived from text concerning geometry and human proportions in Vitruvius's book, De Architectura (1486). PHILOSOPHY “A house is a machine for living in” “Space and light and order. Those are the things that men need just as much as they need bread or a place to sleep Le Corbusier (CharlesEduard Jeanneret-Gris) Swiss/French PHILOSOPHY “God is in the details” “Less is more” “Architecture is the will of an epoch translated into space” Ludwig Mies Van de Rohe German/American PHILOSOPHY “A doctor can bury his mistakes but an architect can only advise his clients to plant vines.” “Organic buildings are the strength and lightness of the spiders’ spinning, buildings qualified by light bred Frank Lloyd by native character to Wright environment, married to the ground.” American PHILOSOPHY “Space is the breath of art.” “The architect must be a prophet. A prophet in the true sense of the term. If he can’t see at least ten years ahead don’t call him an Frank Lloyd architect.” Wright American PHILOSOPHY “Form Follows Function” Henry Louis Sullivan American PHILOSOPHY “Bull#!+!! Architecture has always been for the rich and never for the power people.” “My work is not about ‘form follows function,’ but ‘forms follows beauty’ or, even better, ‘form follows feminine.” “Architecture is about Oscar Neimeyer surprise.” Brazilian PHILOSOPHY “Control is the wrong word. The practice is very much about sharing, and in any creative practice, some individuals, whether partners or directors, are much closer to certain projects than I could ever be.” Norman Foster British PHILOSOPHY “Each new situation requires a new architecture.” Jean Nouvel French PHILOSOPHY “Architect is known to be a Man of Integrity” Boggs Columbres Filipino Star Architect of them all!!! Charot!!! Ar. Boggs Columbres Filipino PLATE NO. 1 FAMOUS ARCHITECT PLATE OVERVIEW Plate No. 1 is an exercise that requires the students to further research the lives and works of famous architects and their principles and philosophies and its application. OBJECTIVES To study the famous architects lives and works. To know different architects and design principles. To practice the students in writing constructively and objectively. To be able to apply those principles in their output ASSESSMENT TASKS Research and Essay Plate REQUIREMENTS Materials: Short Size Bond paper Sketchpad/drawing book (9"x12" size) Pen or Pencils for drawing and sketching Coloring Materials (Colored Pencils/ Watercolor) Drawing Materials INSTRUCTIONS Plate No. 1 Title: Famous Architect Title Code: P1 1. Research about famous architects, study their lives and works, and choose one architect that inspires you. 2. On a short size bond paper, write down an essay in not less than 500 words. "Why him/her?" 3. On a separate sketchpad 9”x12”, draw his famous works, design building or unique structure following the theories and principles of your chosen architect. 4. Sky is the limit. Be creative. Enjoy! DEADLINE: NEXT WEEK WHAT??? Sample Plate : Sample Plate : Sample Plate : Sample Plate : Plates Borderline and Title Block: Plates Borderline and Title Block: Grading Rubrics Activity /Projects Example of Famous Architect’s philosophy and Works PHILOSOPHY “Each new situation requires a new architecture.” Jean Nouvel French BUILDINGS Jean Nouvel French Torre Aigües de Barcelona (Agbar), Barcelona BUILDINGS Jean Nouvel French Apartment Building at 100 11 th Avenue (Nouvel), Manhattan BUILDINGS Jean Nouvel French Guthrie Theater (2006), Minneapolis BUILDINGS Jean Nouvel French Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia (2005), Madrid BUILDINGS Jean Nouvel French Dentsu Building (1198), Tokyo BUILDINGS Jean Nouvel French National Museum, Doha, Qatar BUILDINGS Jean Nouvel French National Museum, Doha, Qatar BUILDINGS Jean Nouvel French National Museum, Doha, Qatar BUILDINGS Jean Nouvel French National Museum, Doha, Qatar BUILDINGS Jean Nouvel French National Museum, Doha, Qatar BUILDINGS Jean Nouvel French National Museum, Doha, Qatar Concept (Desert Rose Stone) GOOD LUCK!!!
