Practice Questions 2 PDF

Practice Questions 2 07 After an EMS call, some crew members begin discussing a recent case with some non-EMS personnel. This is unacceptable behavior because it is: A breach of the patient\'s right to know A breach of the patient\'s privacy and is unethical Against the New York State Good Samar...

Practice Questions 2 07 After an EMS call, some crew members begin discussing a recent case with some non-EMS personnel. This is unacceptable behavior because it is: A breach of the patient\'s right to know A breach of the patient\'s privacy and is unethical Against the New York State Good Samaritan Law Against the principles of patient consent Which form of consent allows you to treat an unconscious patient? Actual consent Implied consent Informed consent Legislated consent Another name for the left lateral position is: Semi-Fowler\'s Trendelenburg Recovery position dorsal recumbent In anatomic terms, an injury midway down the left forearm would be considered: Distal to the left elbow Proximal to the left elbow Superior to the left elbow Lateral to the left elbow If a life-threatening problem is discovered during the Initial Assessment, you should: Finish the Initial Assessment and then go back to correct the problem Complete both the Initial Assessment and the Detailed Physical Examination Transport the patient to the hospital immediately Correct the problem before continuing with the Initial Assessment Which of the following is the BEST definition of the term \"auscultation\"? The reaction of a normal pupil to light Evaluating the blood pressure in the sitting and supine positions Listening Testing of reflexes The \"A\" in the mnemonic AVPU as it relates to patient assessment, stands for: Allergy Airway Alert Auscultate An unconscious trauma victim responds to painful stimuli in both extremities. The EMS Provider should presume that: There is no spinal injury Circulation to the extremities is defective There is proper circulation to the extremities There may still be a spinal injury The purpose of the first set of vital signs is to: Establish a baseline for additional evaluations Determine all that is necessary for the prehospital care report (PCR) Accurately measure the patient\'s status Fully assess the patient\'s condition The alveoli of the lungs are in close contact with the: Diaphragm main-stem bronchus Pulmonary capillaries Pulmonary arteries The tubelike anatomical structure that carries air from the throat to the lungs is the: Pharynx Larynx Trachea Esophagus An unconscious patient with suspected spinal trauma has an obstruction caused by his tongue. Which of the following procedures is an accepted method for correcting this type of obstruction? Slightly lifting the patient\'s neck Slightly tilting the patient\'s head back Tilting the patient\'s head forward Thrusting the patient\'s jaw forward The patient who makes a crowing noise (strider) while attempting to inhale has a: Severe airway obstruction with poor air exchange Mild airway obstruction with good air exchange Mild airway obstruction with poor air exchange Severe airway obstruction with no air exchange When performing abdominal thrusts on a conscious adult patient with a severe airway obstruction, the EMS Provider should place the thumb side of his/her hand against the patient\'s abdomen: Between the midportion of the sternum and the xiphoid process Directly on the umbilicus Directly on the xiphoid process Between the navel and the xiphoid process in the midline You are attempting to ventilate a patient through a stoma and you notice that the patient's chest does not rise completely. You feel an escaping from the patient\'s mouth and nose. Your next step should be to: Perform abdominal thrusts Reposition the head and attempt to reventilate manually seal the patient\'s mouth and nose Blow more forcefully A correct statement concerning airway management of a patient who has a suspected spinal cord injury is that: The cord injury takes precedence over the airway; the patient can be ventilated only if this can be done without moving the cord The airway always takes precedence over the cord injury; the airway must be opened regardless of the damage it might do to the cord There is no difference in management; in the presence of cord injury, the airway is still opened in the usual way Special techniques must be employed to open the airway without moving the cord When ventilating an infant with inadequate breathing, rescue breaths should be given at a rate of 1 breath every: 2 seconds 4 seconds 6 seconds 8 seconds Which of the following organs is MOST SUSCEPTIBLE to damage if you place your hands on the xiphoid process during chest compression? Kidney Liver Spleen Appendix You are called to the scene of a drowning. The patient is still in the water and is pulseless and apneic. When should you begin CPR? Immediately upon reaching the patient in the water After removing the patient from the water When a second rescuer reaches the patient in the water While in the water and supporting the patient\'s thorax During two-rescuer CPR, at what point is it appropriate to change compressors? After each cycle After 2 minutes After 2 cycles After 5 minutes All of the following are criteria for effective chest compressions in an adult EXCEPT: Compress the chest hard and fast minimize interruptions during compressions Allow for full chest recoil Pause chest compressions to check the pulse each minute When it is necessary to perform CPR, while transporting a patient on a stretcher, the EMS Provider should: Move the stretcher as rapidly as possible to get the victim to a hospital promptly Move the stretcher slowly so that effective CPR can continue Keep the stretcher in a high position, especially when going down stairs Keep the patient\'s head raised in order to make ventilation easier When you are palpating pulse in an infant, the American Heart Association standards recommend that you palpate a/an: Radial pulse apical pulse brachial pulse carotid pulse When performing CPR on an infant, the MINIMUM rate of chest compressions is: 80 per minute 100 per minute 130 per minute 150 per minute When using- a non-rebreather mask with an oxygen reservoir, the EMS Provider should adjust the liter flow to: 4 liters/min 8 liters/min 15 liters/min 25 liters/min Which of the following statements regarding nasopharyngeal airways is TRUE? Nasopharyngeal airways should be used only in the left nostril Nasopharyngeal airways should be coated with a water-soluble lubricant prior to insertion Nasopharyngeal airways are more likely to stimulate a gag reflex than would an oropharyngeal airway lf an obstruction is encountered as a nasopharyngeal airway is first introduced, you should immediately switch to an oropharyngeal airway In mouth-to-mask ventilation, the stomach is likely to be distended if too great a force is used to inflate the lungs. Lung ventilation may become more difficult because stomach inflation: Causes a spasm of the larynx Pushes up on the diaphragm and increases the likelihood of vomiting Produces a back pressure that pushes the epiglottis forward Causes a displacement of the lungs, resulting in deviation of the trachea You have inserted an oropharyngeal airway into the mouth of an unconscious victim who reacts by having a gag reflex. You should: Remove the airway remove the airway, then reinsert it Pull the airway out slightly Use a smaller-sized airway The proper technique for suctioning a patient\'s mouth is to suction: As you are withdrawing the catheter As you are inserting the catheter While you insert and withdraw the catheter While ventilating with high-concentration oxygen An unconscious, breathing 18-year-old patient has been rescued from a car that had the engine running. The patient\'s skin is red; vital signs are: BP = 110/70; P = 110; R = 18. Oxygen should, be administered with which of the following devices? Nasal cannula Simple face mask Venturi mask Non-rebreathing mask You have attempted to insert a nasopharyngeal airway into the right nostril of a patient, but have encountered resistance, You should: Insert an oropharyngeal airway instead Insert the nasopharyngeal airway despite the resistance Remove the tube and try a larger size Relubricate the tube and try the other nostril. Approximately how many liters of blood does an adult male weighing 150 lb. have in his body? 3 liters 4 liters 6 liters 7 liters How would you describe bleeding from a vein? Bright red; flowing steadily Bright red; spurting Dark red; flowing steadily Dark red; spurting The PRINCIPAL cause of hypoperfusion (shock) in a victim with massive body burns is loss of: Fatty tissues Epidermis Plasma Dermis The type of hypoperfusion (shock) that results from a considerable loss of blood or fluid is: Hypovolemic Anaphylactic Cardiogenic Psychogenic Sudden dilation of the blood vessels causing the blood pressure to fall is called: Hypovolemic shock Metabolic shock Distributive shock Cardiogenic shock Which of the following is a LATE sign of hypoperfusion (shock)? Thready pulse Loss of body fluid Trembling Falling blood pressure Which of the following are the signs of an allergic reaction? Pain in the chest, rapid strong pulse, pallor, sweating Decreased blood pressure, rapid strong pulse, heavy breathing Decreased blood pressure, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing Rapid strong pulse, increased blood pressure, pallor, sweating Treatment for the patient in hypovolemic shock includes: Keeping the patient in a sitting position with the head bent back Giving the patient a liquid stimulant immediately Bathing the patient with towels wrung in cold water Keeping the patient warm and on his/her back with the legs elevated What is the recommended procedure for the transportation of a severed limb to the hospital? Wrap the limb in sterile gauze, seal in a plastic bag, and keep the limb cool Place the limb in sterile gauze, seal in a plastic bag, and keep the limb warm Place the limb on ice, wrap in sterile gauze, then seal both in a plastic bag Wrap the limb in sterile gauze, place on ice, then seal both in a plastic bag An automobile collision patient has a piece of glass that penetrated through his cheek and is bleeding severely from the injury. The EMS Provider should: Remove the glass from the cheek and apply a dressing on both sides of the wound Leave the glass in the cheek and apply a dressing over the wound Leave the glass in the cheek and apply a dressing on both sides of the wound Remove the glass and dress the wound only if the glass interferes with breathing To assess the circulatory status of a patient\'s limbs distal to an injury site, you should check: Pulses, skin temperature, and AVPU Temperature, crepitus, and grating Pulses, skin color, and temperature Skin color, AVPU, and crepitus A closed bone or joint injury is BEST defined as an injury: With associated muscle spasms or swelling around a joint In which there is no break in the continuity of the skin Of a long bone with skin discoloration over the affected area With associated ligament involvement After immobilizing a painful, swollen, deformed collarbone, your NEXT priority would be to: Check to see that the bone ends are approximated Ask the patient if the splint is comfortable Check the radial Pulse Check the airway The MOST SERIOUS problem associated with an injury to a joint is that this type of injury: Is frequently accompanied by nerve and vascular damage Often produces grotesque deformity Is very difficult to assess Is extremely painful The recommended treatment for a painful, swollen deformity of the forearm is to immobilize the: Elbow Elbow and wrist Wrist Wrist and hand A machine shop operator injured his hand while using a drill press. If the injured hand is to be splinted, the EMS Provider should splint it: In the position in which it is found In the position of function With the hand open With a pressure dressing In the presence of good circulation, the EMS Provider should NOT straighten a dislocated joint before splinting because: It may break the bones of the joint It will cause significant pain There is danger of impairing nerve function and blood supply It is only a medical controlled option in the field The treatment for a trauma victim who has sustained a hip joint injury is to: Apply a traction splint to the injured leg Apply an air splint Apply padded board splints and a long spine board Attempt to replace the hip to its socket A ten-year-old boy on a bicycle was hit by a car. During your Initial Assessment, you determine that there are no immediate life threats. Your Rapid Trauma Assessment reveals possible fractures of the right lower arm and right femur. Your treatment should be to: Tie the extremities to the body and transport the victim on a long spine board Check distal pulses and sensation, and splint the involved extremities before moving Check proximal pulses and straighten the extremities to prevent neurological damage Use a scoop stretcher to transport the victim immediately A soft pillow splint can be used to splint an injury to the: Elbow Shoulder Knee Ankle You are called to a gym where a 25-year-old woman has fallen. She is complaining of severe pain in her right elbow, which is swollen and deformed. You should: Straighten the elbow to relieve pain Splint the elbow in the position found Administer oxygen at 6 liters/minute via nasal cannula check the proximal pulse A patient was struck in the head with a pipe during a fight. The patient is unresponsive and bleeding from within the ear. You should: Transport immediately and do nothing with the ear Apply direct pressure to the ear Place your finger in the bleeding ear to prevent fluid loss Apply a loose sterile dressing to the ear To control a nosebleed in a patient WITHOUT suspected spinal trauma, the EMS Provider should: Have the patient sit upright with the head tilted backward Apply tepid compresses to the patient\'s face and nose Have the patient, positioned forward with the head between the legs Pinch the patient's nostrils together and sit the patient leaning forward to allow drainage The central nervous system consists of the: Brain and peripheral nerves Brain and spinal cord Spinal cord and autonomic functions Spinal cord and peripheral nerves A patient with a severe head injury and increasing pressure within the skull will often present with: Decreased blood pressure and rapid pulse Normal blood pressure and rapid pulse Normal blood pressure and normal pulse Elevated blood pressure and slow pulse When treating a patient with a brain injury, it is important to record changes in the patient\'s: Mental status Pupil reaction Respiratory rate Blood pressure All of the following are signs and/or symptoms of a head injury EXCEPT: Sensation and motion in the arms but not in the legs Discoloration of soft tissue under the eyes (raccoon eyes) A momentary blackout after the injury Slight bleeding from the nose, mouth, and/or ear. Which of the following is a sign of a skull fracture? Hypoperfusion (shock) Cerebrospinal fluid leaking from the ears Decreasing blood pressure Neurogenic shock Which areas of the spinal are comprised of five vertebrae each? Lumbar and sacrum Sacrum and cervical Cervical and coccyx Thoracic and lumber At which of the following levels does injury to the spinal cord result in loss of arm and leg function? Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Loss of voice, severe airway obstruction, and air leakage into the soft tissue of the neck can result from an injury to the: Epiglottis Nasopharynx Esophagus Trachea You have arrived at the scene of an automobile accident. One of the victims has a bleeding, depressed scalp wound. What should you do? Loosely cover the wound with a sterile dressing Apply a pressure dressing Collect the fluid in a sterile container for later analysis Pack the wound with sterile dressings In rescuing a diving accident victim from a swimming pool, the EMS Provider's FIRST action is to: Lay the victim on a flat surface immediately Immobilize the victim\'s entire spine before removing him/her from the water Immobilize the victim's entire spine as soon as he/she is removed from the water Be sure that the victim\'s neck is hyperextended. A woman has slipped on the ice-covered sidewalk on her property. She has an injured jaw and is bleeding from a laceration of the tongue. You should. do all of the following EXCEPT: Clear the upper respiratory passage in the first phase of patient care Have suction available for use Bend the patient\'s head forward to move the tongue away from the airway Prevent blood from getting into the pharynx because it may cause coughing and retching A 65 year-old male was involved in a two-car motor vehicle crash. Upon examination, he complains of chest pain upon breathing and tenderness of the sternum. Your INITIAL care would be to: Stabilize the sternum Position the patient on his side Administer high-concentration oxygen administer the patient\'s prescribed nitroglycerin A chest injury may interfere mechanically with the functioning of the: Xiphoid process Sternum Lungs Brain You are treating a male patient who has a penetrating chest wound and frothy bright-red blood at the mouth. About 10 minutes after sealing the chest wall, you notice that the patient\'s breathing becomes much worse. At this point, you should: Immediately place the patient on his uninjured side Lift one corner of the dressing Administer positive-pressure ventilation immediately Administer pure oxygen to aid respiration Signs and symptoms of multiple broken ribs include: Unequal chest expansion, inadequate breathing, deformity, and pain Rapid breathing, chest pain, rapid weak pulse, and cyanosis Equal chest expansion, slow weak pulse, cyanosis, and chest pain Slow breathing, cyanosis, chest pain, and rapid weak pulse You are called to treat a patient with a chest injury. There is no suspected spinal injury. How should this patient be transported? Prone with the head turned to the side Supine with feet elevated In a position of comfort On the uninjured side A high school football player has received a hard direct blow to the abdomen. Which of the following may indicate internal bleeding? Profuse bleeding from the bowels, deep slow breathing, slow pulse Weak rapid pulse, tenderness, guarding, or pain in the abdomen Deep slow breathing, normal pulse, warm dry skin Warm dry skin, rapid pulse, nausea, deep regular breathing Upon arriving at the scene of an accident, you find a victim who has bowel loops protruding through an abdominal laceration. You should cover the loops: And apply direct pressure As you would an impaled object With a dry sterile absorbent dressing With a moist sterile dressing A patient m severe pain due to an abdominal injury should be placed in which of the following positions? One leg up, the other one straight In a position of comfort Both legs stretched out straight In a prone position A patient with a history of diabetes has an altered mental status due to a diabetic emergency. The EMS Provider should: Administer a sugar concentrate, if there is no danger that the patient will aspirate Encourage the patient to take an insulin solution orally, if there is no danger that the patient will aspirate Administer a sugar concentrate by mouth to an unconscious patient only Defer all treatment and transport the patient to the hospital You are treating a patient who is complaining of chest pain and difficulty breathing. You should have the patient lie: Flat and take slow deep breaths In whatever position feels most comfortable On his/her back with head elevated and take fast shallow breaths In a coma position According to one theory, the way in which nitroglycerin relieves chest pain is by: Dilating coronary arteries Deadening the sense of pain Increasing cardiac output dissolving tiny blood clots A sign or symptom of decreased oxygen to the heart muscle is: Warm red skin Unconsciousness Chest pain Extremity paralysis A patient suffering from a diabetic emergency (hypoglycemia) will exhibit which of the following signs and/or symptoms? Slow pulse and warm dry skin Rapid pulse and warm dry skin Rapid pulse and cool clammy skin Slow pulse and cool clammy skin A woman in her late 40s had been complaining of headaches and vision difficulties. On your arrival, you find that -she is responsive to pain, and has a droopy eyelid, unequal pupils and slow shallow respirations. Your FIRST action should be to: Immobilize the patient on a long backboard Administer glucose Administer high-concentration oxygen Assist the patient in administering her EpiPen On arriving at a home, you find an alert three-year-old child who has ingested an unknown quantity of drain cleaner. Which of the following would you do FIRST? Reassure the mother that the child will be all right Consult with Medical Control Induce vomiting with ipecac and retain the vomitus Administer ipecac and activated charcoal Which of the following oxygen delivery devices should be used for treatment of a conscious patient who has inhaled a poisonous gas? Partial-rebreathing mask Simple face mask Non-rebreathing mask Venturi mask An EMS Provider can assist a conscious patient in taking his/her prescribed nitroglycerin pill by seeing to it that the patient: Chews it thoroughly Swallows it with a glass of water Places it under his/her tongue Sucks on it until it dissolves Ln most cases, patients with Cardiac-related chest pain complain of: Sharp pain that varies with breathing Pressure or heaviness that does not vary with breathing Pressure or pain referred to the abdomen Sharp pain referred to the arms The MOST OBVIOUS indication of a paralyzed limb in a nontraumatic brain injury patient is that the limb will: Move if its extremity is lightly jabbed with a pin Be pulseless and feel cold to the touch Be cyanotic and pulseless Appear loose and will lack muscle tone when it is moved by the EMS Provider Proper care for a victim of a respiratory emergency is: Placing the patient in a prone position assisting the patient with his/her inhaler Placing the patient in a supine position Suctioning of lung fluids to relieve edema Which of the following are respiratory effects of an allergic reaction? Itching, hives, headache Coughing, hoarseness, labored breathing Swelling of the face, neck, hands, and feet Increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure In which position should, the mother be placed for delivery? Lying on a firm surface, with her knees drawn up and spread apart Sitting upright, with her legs fully extended and spread apart Sitting on a firm surface, with a pillow under her buttocks Lying on a firm surface, With her legs extended and raised above the level of the heart Which of the following is an important function of the amniotic sac? Providing nourishment for the fetus Keeping the fetus in a cool environment Protecting the fetus from injury Ensuring a cephalic presentation at birth If difficulties arise during delivery of the baby\'s upper shoulder, the EMS Provider should assist by gently: Pulling at the baby\'s shoulders Guiding the baby\'s bead downward Guiding the baby\'s head upward Pushing a glove hand into the vagina During a delivery, if the umbilical cord is wrapped around the infant\'s neck and you CANNOT slip it free, you should: Transport immediately and not cut the cord Ask the mother to push Clamp the cord immediately and cut between the clamps Cut the cord without clamps A man has received on his chest, abdomen and his entire left arm during a house fire. What percentage of the body surface will the EMS Provider estimate to determine the severity of the burn? 9% 18% 27% 36% The FIRST objective in the care of any burn is to: Stop the burning process Exclude air from the area of the burn Relieve pain Prevent infection From which direction should you approach an airborne contamination incident? Downwind from the incident Upwind from the incident perpendicular to the wind The direction of easiest access In a hazardous materials incident involving injuries, the FIRST thing you should do is to: Extricate the injured from the immediate area Immediately begin a patient assessment procedure Evaluate the potential hazard to you, the rescuer Immediately initiate life-support procedures You are caring for a patient suffering from a heat emergency. The patient bas hot dry skin. Which of the following should. NOT he done? Transport the patient immediately Administer a high concentration of oxygen Obtain and record the vital signs Maintain body temperature The treatment for an unconscious patient with generalized hypothermia would be to: Prevent further heat loss and transport gently Rapidly rewarm the victim, using external heat sources Exercise the patient\'s extremities to improve blood circulation Attempt to administer warm fluids by mouth Proper rewarming of a late or deep local cold injury to the hand is accomplished by: Using a heating pad Rubbing the part Immersion in warm water Using a chemical hot pack Life-threatening signs of a heat emergency include: moist sand low temperature pale face and low temperature High temperature and dry skin High temperature and profuse perspiration You receive a call for a \"man down.\" The patient is unresponsive, pale, and cold to the touch, and has a very weak pulse. You should: move the patient's extremities to increase circulation Avoid rough handling and maintain body heat Rapidly rewarm the patient Delay transport until rewarming is complete When assessing the pulse of a hypothermic patient, you should check the pulse for how many seconds? 15 30 60 90 When caring for an alert, responsive, hypothermic patient you should: Delay transport until rewarming is complete Move the extremities to stimulate blood flow Apply beat packs to the groin, axillary, and cervical regions administer fluids with caffeine You respond to a call for a \"possible suicide.\" A 16-year-old female is locked in the basement. The patient\'s mother does not know if the patient has a weapon. Your first action should be to: Await law enforcement accompany the mother into the basement Enter the basement and assess the patient Force open the door and restrain the patient The situation when a family member verbally or physically abuses another family member is known as: Generation gap Psychological felony Normal family disagreement Domestic dispute/violence The appropriate action to take when you MUST apply restraints to an emotionally disturbed patient who is a danger to himself and others is to remove the straps: When the patient appears rational When the patient calms down If the patient complains of discomfort When directed by a physician at the hospital If you suspect that a patient is a victim of child abuse, you should: Confront the parents with these suspicions Notify the local child protective agency and complete the DSS form Avoid reporting these suspicions, since doing so could make you liable to a lawsuit Report your findings to the local police department The packaging of a supine spine injury patient is BEST accomplished by using a/an: Reeves stretcher Orthopedic stretcher (scoop stretcher) Stair chair Long spine board You are the first EMS Provider to arrive at the scene of an automobile crash where you find an unstable vehicle overturned onto its side. You should FIRST: Establish a perimeter around the accident Have rescue personnel stabilize and secure the vehicle Determine the number of victims immediately assess the patient According to the New York State Vehicle and Traffic Law, both emergency lights siren MUST be used whenever an ambulance: Carries a patient in cardiac arrest Passes a stopped school bus Proceeds through a railroad crossing Proceeds through a red light with due caution You are the first EMS Provider to arrive on the scene of a head-on automobile accident where you find the following: Patient \#1 appears to be intoxicated has pain in his right shoulder, and is belligerent toward the rescuers Patient \#2 also appears to be intoxicated and is very slow in responding to questions. He has burns on his lower legs and feet from the car heater and complains 0f a pain in his back Patient \#3 has an open wound to the brain, which is not bleeding, He has no pulse or respiration, and his chest pinned between the steering wheel and the seat Patient \#4 has a laceration across the abdomen that is bleeding profusely, and a portion of the colon is protruding Which patient should be treated and transported FIRST? Patient \# 1 Patient \#2 Patient \#3 Patient \#4 The INITIAL action of the first EMS unit arriving at the scene of a multiple casualty incident should be to: Go directly to the victims and conduct a rapid triage to sort them out according to the severity of their injuries Establish a staging zone for the immediate triage of the victims Contact nearby hospitals to report the estimated number of disaster victims Contact the dispatcher to confirm the disaster and report its location, the number of victims, and the best approach route for other responders