Practical-Research-2.pdf

Coverage: Quantitative Research: Definition Quantitative Research: Characters Quantitative Research: Importance Quantitative Research: Kinds Variables: Definition & Types Independent/Dependent Variable Quantitative Research: Hypothesis Quantitative Research: APA 7th Edition ______ QUANTITATIVE RESE...

Coverage: Quantitative Research: Definition Quantitative Research: Characters Quantitative Research: Importance Quantitative Research: Kinds Variables: Definition & Types Independent/Dependent Variable Quantitative Research: Hypothesis Quantitative Research: APA 7th Edition ______ QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH [] Objective which means it can be measured. [] Uses scientifically collected and statistically analyzed data to investigate observable phenomena. [] It is imperative that the data obtained must be numerical and quantifiable. CHARACTERISTICS: 1. Large Sample Size 2. Objectivity 3. Concise Visual Presentation 4. Fast Data Analysis 5. Generalized Data 6. Fast and Easy Data Collection 7. Reliable Data 8. High Replicability RESEARCH FRAMEWORK 1. Identify the idea 2. State research question 3. Specific aim and objectives 4. Literature review 5. Select methodology 6. Device data collection and method 7. Gathered data 8. Analyze data 9. Draw conclusion 10. Complete writing thesis and report IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH [] in humss strand, it must be related to humanities. [] mostly the study is based on human behavior, lifestyle and direct societal problem. VP: Lea Sausa IMPORTANCE: 1. To discover the unknown and improve underlying conditions which is undeniable. 2. It paved the way of finding meaningful solution to difficulties. 3. It can influence leaders and law makers in decision making for crafting and making laws. 4. Most invention and innovation is based on quantitative research. KINDS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH 1. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH DESIGN : ✓ describe certain phenomena. ✓ does not start w hypothesis. ✓ used to describe person or object of the study. e.g., "the DETERMINATION of the different kinds of physical activities and how often high school students do it during the quarantine period." 2. CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH DESIGN : ✓ identify the relationship between variables. ✓ data is gathered through observation. ✓ does not considered cause & effect. ✓ describe person or object of the study. e.g., "the RELATIONSHIP between the amount of physical activity done and student academic achievement" 3. EX POST FACTO RESEARCH DESIGN : ✓ means after the fact. ✓ study the possible relationship between past events and current condition. e.g., "how does the parent's academic achievement affect the children obesity" 4. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN : ✓ establish the cause & effect relationship of 2 or more variables. ✓ provide conclusive results, because it uses experimental manipulation. e.g., "a comparison of the effects of various blended learning to the reading comprehension of elementary pupils" 5. QUASI - EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN : ✓ establish the cause & effect relationship of variables. ✓ LESSER VALIDITY because of the absence of random selection & assigned subject. ✓ independent variable is identified, but not manipulated. ✓ the group exposed to treatment (experimental) is compared to the group unexposed to treatment (control) VP: Lea Sausa e.g., "the effects of unemployment on attitude towards following safety protocol in ECQ declared areas" VARIABLES AND ITS TYPES a symbol for a value that we don't know yet. ✓ something that can be 2 or more numbers, words. ✓ anything that has quanti/quali that varies. TYPES: 1. CONTINUOUS VARIABLE : a variables that can take INFINITE no. on the value that can occur within the population. it CAN be divided into fractions. e.g., age, height, temp a. Interval Variable variables that lies along w an evenly dispersed range of no. measuring the relationship between 2 values that DOES NOT HAVE MEANING. e.g., temp, school allowance b. Ratio Variable value that lies along w an evenly dispersed range of no. which has ABSOLUTE ZERO. e.g., distance, level of profit, budget. 2. DISCRETE VARIABLE : a.k.a categorical/classificatory variable. It is limited/FINITE district values. It CANNOT be divided into fractions. e.g, blood group, birth order among the siblings a. Nominal Variable variable that cannot be ordered in any particular way. no quantitative value. e.g., eye color, religion b. Ordinal Variable variable that can be ordered from SMALLEST to GREATEST. has 2 or more categories. VP: Lea Sausa INDEPENDENT/DEPENDENT VARIABLE Independent Variable - cause Dependent Variable - effect HYPOTHESIS - tentative explanation or answer to the question about variables, their relationship and other facts involved - hypothesize means you are free to guess factual things Rogers (2011) two nature of hypothesis: Falsifiability and Testability Purpose: Guide you on whatever aspect of your research Provide opportunity to know the relationship bet variables Give you right decision making Provide manners in summarizing and explaining the conclusion Hypothesis 2 Categories: Null = Ho Alternative = H1 NH = absence of in/dependent variable AH = opposite of NH APA 7TH EDITION BOOK (1 author) BOOK (2 author) BOOK (3 author) VP: Lea Sausa JOURNAL (organization) JOURNAL (1 author) VIDEO WEBPAGE (1 author) WEBPAGE (2 author) WEBPAGE (3 author) VP: Lea Sausa check this site: https://www.scribbr.com/category/apa-style/ GOOD LUCK! VP: Lea Sausa