Practical Research 1 Module 2 PDF
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2021
Jeffrey O. Ballesteros
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This document is a learning module on practical research, specifically focused on designing research projects and writing research titles for Grade 11 students. It provides examples and activities to understand and apply research concepts.
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SHS Practical Research I Quarter 3: Week 3 & 4: Module 2: Designing Research Project Practical Research I Grade 12 Quarter 3: Week 3-4 - Module 2 First Edition, 2020 Copyright © 2020 Practical Research 1 Grade 11 Quarter 3 – Week 3-4: Module 2: Designing Research Project...
SHS Practical Research I Quarter 3: Week 3 & 4: Module 2: Designing Research Project Practical Research I Grade 12 Quarter 3: Week 3-4 - Module 2 First Edition, 2020 Copyright © 2020 Practical Research 1 Grade 11 Quarter 3 – Week 3-4: Module 2: Designing Research Project First Edition, 2021 Copyright © 2021 La Union Schools Division Region I All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the copyright owners. Development Team of the Module Author: Jeffrey O. Ballesteros Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr., P II Management Team: Atty. Donato D. Balderas, Jr. Schools Division Superintendent Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, Ph.D Assistant Schools Division Superintendent German E. Flora, Ph.D, CID Chief Virgilio C. Boado, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of LRMS Rominel S. Sobremonte, Ed.D, EPS in Charge of Science Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II Target In our current situation, the pandemic has brought everyone in the midst of uncertainty specially in trying to understand what is happening around us. Different questions you might ask yourself normally from low order thinking questions like what, where and when to high order thinking questions like asking how and why. Basically, we often conduct research in order to address such questions and conducting research is a tedious process that one must acquire the necessary skills in order to create an authentic research and eventually it will enhance and develop your passion in conducting research. In this module, you are going to design your own research project based from the topic of your chosen interest. You are going to learn what are the different procedures on how to write research title as well as proving your title to be essential in the area of your concern. Moreover, after you have formulated your research title, you must learn how to provide justifications for conducting research. After going through this learning material, you are expected to attain the following objectives: Learning Competency: Designs research project related to daily life (CS_RS11Ice-1) Writes a research title (CS_RS11Ice-2) Provides the justifications/reasons for conducting research (CS_RS11Ice-3) States research questions (CS_RS11Ice-4) Indicates Scope and Delimitation of research (CS_RS11Ice-5) Cites benefits and beneficiaries of research (CS_RS11Ice-6) Presents a written statement of the problem (CS_RS11Ice-7) Lesson Designing a Research Project 1 and Writing a Research Title Jumpstart For you to understand the lesson well, do the following activities. Have fun learning and Goodluck! I. True or False Directions: Read the statements on the sources of research topics. Write T if the statement is true, and write F if the statement if false. Write your answer before the number ____________1. The recommended length of a research title is 15 to 20 substantive words. ____________2. A good research title must be clearly phrased. It must not be vague or wordy. ____________3. Do not begin the title with phrases like “A study of” or “An Experimental Investigation of.” ____________4. Titles are basically in the form of a phrase, but can also in the form of a question. ____________5. Title should identify the actual variables or theoretical issues being studied in the research. II. Identification Directions: Identify what is being asked. Write your answer on the space provided in each number. ___________6. It is a technique of gathering data whereby you personally watch, interact, communicate with the subjects of your research. ___________7. It is the main treatment of a qualitative data. ___________8. This may include but not limited to your school, teachers, participants, validators classmates, parents and companions on the actual conduct of the questionnaire. ___________9. It describes the problem situation by considering global, national and local forces. Discussions should be from macro to micro (general to specific). __________10. A data gathering technique that makes you verbally ask the participant questions to give answers to what the research study is trying to look for. Discover Research Project A research project is something that is worth investigating. This means that there is no exact study that covers the problem encountered in a particular place. Neil Alden Armstrong, an American Astronaut said: “In much of society, research means to investigate something you do not know or understand.” Designing a research project refers to a general approach that a researcher chooses to integrate the different components of the study in a coherent and logical means, whereby, assuring the researcher to effectively address the research problem. Moreover, it establishes the design for the COPIA approach to research that is, Collection, Organization, Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis of data. Preliminaries of the Research Paper Main Research Tools 1. Observation- a technique of gathering data whereby you personally watch, interact, communicate with the subjects of your research. 2. Interview- a data gathering technique that makes you verbally ask the subjects or participants questions to give answers to what your research study is trying to look for. 3. Documentary analysis – it uses a systematic procedure to analyze documentary evidence and answer specific research questions. The main treatment of qualitative data is through thematic analysis which can be generated from the gathered data using the different research tools. The research shall be organized as follows: Title Page Acknowledgement Dedication Abstract Table of Contents List of Tables List of Figures Chapter I Introduction Background of the Study Statement of the Problem Scope and Delimitation Importance of the Study Definition of Terms Chapter II Methodology Research Design Sources of Data Locale and Population Instrumentation and Data Collection Validation Data Analysis Ethical Considerations Chapter III Findings and Discussions Using thematic analysis, present data and interpret. Chapter IV Summary, Conclusions, Recommendations Bibliography Using APA format, create the bibliography. Arrange according to books, researches and online references. Appendices Arrange the appendices according to order of appearances based on the research stages Curriculum Vitae Place only the most important details of the researcher. How to Write the following parts of your Qualitative Research A. Acknowledgement In third person, thank the organizations, individuals who significantly contributed in the accomplishment of the study. This may include but not limited to your school, teachers, participants, validators classmates, parents and companions on the actual conduct of the questionnaire. Generally, one page is ideal. B. Dedication This is an optional page but it is also nice to dedicate your research to someone or group of people worthy of your research to be offered. C. Abstract 1. A summative statement that should contain the following: a. Include the objectives and problems b. Include the participants, research tool and statistical tools used. c. Write the most important findings following the research questions d. Give the primary recommendation. [This can be omitted when this reaches 200 words.] e. 150 to 200 words (can be extended to 250 if meaning is affected); preferably one paragraph f. 1.15 space, italicized 2. The heading ABSTRACT should be bold, centered and in uppercase. Text is written in past tense. 3. The first line of the body is titled Synopsis and is not indented; text is left and right-justified. 4. Keywords [at least 3] can be written just below the synopsis. D. Table of Contents By Chapter Heading and Subheading following the succeeding parts of the paper Include separate list of tables E. Chapter I and its Subparts CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION All characters in the title heading are in bold, upper case letters and centered on a page Chapter number is in Roman Numeral Chapter Title is written 1.5 spaces below the Chapter Number F. Background of the Study The purpose of your BOS is to introduce the research idea to the reader and to establish its importance and its potential significance. a. If the title of the research problem seems “featurized”, the first paragraph must be devoted to explain the title. b. Direct quotations must not be written as the first paragraph, instead this can be rephrased to add substance to the details of the problem. c. Describe the problem situation by considering global, national and local forces. Discussions should be from macro to micro (general to specific). d. In the local scenario, cite observations, local studies and the like. There must be emphasis in the local scenario to warrant the existence of the research. More discussions and descriptions must be seen on this part. e. Ensure coherence of ideas within and among paragraphs and across sentences. f. End with the main objective of the study by presenting logical argument telling the reader why it is important to conduct such particular study or why the research problem is important. Guidelines in Selecting a Practical and Researchable Topic 1. Personal Resources Researchers’ own personal training and experiences can influence their choice of approach. An individual trained in technical, scientific writing, statistics, and computer statistical programs and familiar with quantitative journals in the library would most likely choose the quantitative design. 2. Timeliness and Relevance of the Topic Along the midst of information generator called the internet, the problem is not lying on the scarcity of information but on overloading of available sources from the World Wide Web. Thus, a researcher must only identify the timely and relevant topic that he or she is willing to work on. 3. Availability of Information In choosing a research topic, it is a must that you visit your library to check the availability of reading materials related to your chosen topic. If there is scarcity of previous studies for your topic in your library, then you must go through the internet for additional searching of the information. If it not also available in the internet, then it is good in advancing your qualitative investigation. 4. Interest in the Subject Matter Your interest is equivalent with your passion. This means when you are interested in something, you find a way to do it because you, on the first place, like it. If you like something, you always have the energy and the will to finish it whatever it takes. Therefore, commitment will be the greatest virtue that you need to possess in order to finish your research. Writing a Research Title Guidelines on formulating titles of research papers in the academe (American Psychological Association, 2001): 1. The title should encapsulate the main idea of the research. 2. Title should be self-explanatory. 3. Identify theme, subtheme and categories. 4. Avoid using abbreviations 5. Use words that create a positive impression and stimulate reader’s interest. 6. May reveal how the paper will be organized. 7. Do not include “study of," “analysis of” or similar constructions 8. Use current nomenclature from the field of study 9. Indicate accurately the subject and scope of the stud 10. The recommended length of a research title is 10 to 12 substantive words not including articles. 11. Titles are basically in the form of a phrase, but can also in the form of a question. 12. Title should identify the actual variables or theoretical issues being studied in the research. 13. The author can play with his/her title (e.g. Fuel of Millennial Abodes) only for qualitative research Examples of Approved Qualitative Research Titles 1. Friends with Benefits: Causes and Effects of Cheating During Examination (Diego, 2017) 2. Why did the boat sink? The reasons of academic Failures 3. Stay with me please: The strucggles of students with OFW parents 4. When I stayed old and fab: The stories of a 100-year old Ilocana 5. Amoy-Turista: Smell as a Key Component in Being Presentable among Palawan Tour Guides (Davatos, 2017) 6. Pampaalert: Security Guards’ Use of Chemicals (Diego, 2017) 7. Tagabanwa-Tagabayan: Hiya and the Liminal Position of Young Indigenous People in Palawan (Pulanco, 2017) 8. Pampapogi/Pampaganda: Achieving Desired Gender Identities (Josol, 2017) 9. Must Have Pleasing Personality: Performing Femininity in the Service Sector of a Southern Philippine Boomtown (Taqueban,2017) 10.“I want to be Tall Someday”: Height Aspirations Among Young People in the Philippines (Lasco, 2017) If you are going to observe the presented titles above for qualitative research, it was written creatively and sometimes we call the research title for qualitative research as “colonization” because every title, it has “colon” mark to showing the creative “tag line”. Since, one of the guidelines in writing the research title, it should stimulate reader’s interest. Remember, that a qualitative research is more on words capturing the human experiences for better understanding. Explore Activity 1: Let’s Try It! Directions: As you read the lesson about designing qualitative research project and learning from it, do the following. Write your answer on the space provided. 1. On your answer sheet, make at least top three (3) practical problems from your surroundings (family, experiences, school or community) that demand prompting answers. Top 1: ______________________________________________________ Top 2: ______________________________________________________ Top 3: ______________________________________________________ 2. Among the problems you identified, pick only one which disturb or intrigued you the most? Justify your answer. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Activity 2: Pick-A-Boom! Directions: Make a list of 15 possible research topics that you are very much interested about. Personal Issues in politics, culture and society Trends in social Interest you find interesting (i.e., illegal media logging) 1. 1. 1. 2. 2. 2. 3. 3. 3. 4. 4. 4. 5. 5. 5. Activity 3: Experiment title! Directions: Create or formulate your own research title based from the research topic given. See the given example. Research Topic Research Title 1. Playing Mobile Legends First Blood, Double Kill: Revealing the Addiction of Mobile Legend Players 2. Online Selling 3. Plantito, Plantita 4. Self-Learning Module 5. COVID-19 Pandemic Deepen Directions: From the given abstracts, choose the correct title of the qualitative research. Put the letter of your answer on your answer sheet as you read the abstracts comprehensively. ABSTRACT Cheating during examinations is triggered by peer influence. Learners, in this case, know and do what should not be done, for cheating corrupts and defeats the purposes of understanding, applying and creating ideas as stipulated in revised Bloom’s taxonomy by Anderson. The study reported here was designed to explain the reasons and aspirations of students involved in cheating during examinations. Sixteen (16) key informants, selected using random sampling procedure among Junior and Senior High School learners of Roxas National Comprehensive High School during the months of June to October 2016, completed open-ended questionnaires and took part in interviews. Nvivo software analysis was used in the analysis of the themes that emerged from the data. This study discovered that friendship is manipulated, for it makes doing right things unacceptable and actions to be avoided like cheating seem right and acceptable. Cheating during examinations is behavior which is deeply rooted in the culture of pakikisama (social acceptance/liking) and utang ng loob (debt of gratitude). If a learner does not share his or her answers, he or she will be labeled as walang pakisama (no concern). This paper then argues that honesty should not be just a policy; rather, honesty in this case, is the only policy. Condemning academic dishonesty must not merely rest in the enrollment forms, but by constant moral reminder and intervention of teachers who have responsibility to hone learners’ decorum on honesty and maturity. Keywords: cheating, examination, behavior a. Reasons and Aspirations of Students Involved in Cheating During Examinations. b. Friends with Benefits: Causes and Effects of Cheating During Examination c. Cheating during Examinations as a behavior which is deeply rooted in the culture of pakikisama (social acceptance/liking) and utang ng loob (debt of gratitude). d. Cheating During Examinations as Triggered by Peer Influence Answer: _____________ Why did you choose that letter as the title of your abstract? What are the guidelines you did follow in making a qualitative title? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Stating Research Questions, Lesson Scope and Delimitation and 2 Benefits and Beneficiaries of Research Jumpstart For you to understand the lesson well, do the following activities. Have fun learning and Goodluck! Activity 1: Let’s Volt-In! Directions: On the spaces provided, make a graphic organizer on the following topics below. Pick one (1) from the following topics and pose your questions. a. Social Distancing b. No Face Mask, No Entry Policy c. Online Learning d. Modular Learning Example: What are the strategies that What are the could address this causes of pandemic? COVID-19 COVID-19 Pandemic What are What makes effects of COVID-19 COVID-19 infectious? Activity 2: Mi Amore Directions: State the meaning and importance of the following things and people to you. 1. Mother: ______________________________________________________ 2. Friend: ______________________________________________________ 3. Mobile Phone:_________________________________________________ 4. Your Studies: _________________________________________________ Discover Research Problem Versus Research Question Research problem drives you to think a topic that you can investigate or focus on. For you to do it, a researcher must gather relevant ideas and information or spend time getting background knowledge about the problem that triggered off your research topic to discover its relation to what the world, particularly the experts, professionals and learned people know about the topic. Research problems enables you to generate a set of research questions which serves as guideposts of your study and specifically and scientifically narrows your study. The following shows you the link among the following: research problem, research topic, research question and the construction of one general questions and specific questions or a research paper. Example 1: Research Problem: The need to have an alternative mode of education in this time of COVID 19 Pandemic. Research Topic: Education sector in the midst of COVID 19 Pandemic General Question: What is the adoptable alternative mode of education from one of the countries in Southeast Asia? Specific Questions: 1. What is Virtual Education Delivery (VED) as an alternative mode of education in Thailand? 2. What are the factors influencing effective implementation of Virtual Education Delivery in Thailand? 3. How political economy is being applied to solve the current problem on education in Thailand? 4. How could a Virtual Education Delivery serve as a Model to be adapted in the Philippine educational system in this time of Pandemic? Example 2: Research Problem: Mobile Legend Dependency. Research Topic: Mobile Legend among Youth General Question: What are the causes and effect of playing Mobile Legends to learners’ social and academic attitudes? Specific Questions: 1. What are the reasons why students engage in playing mobile legends? 2. What are the ways by which students engage in playing mobile legends? 3. What are the effects of engaging in playing mobile legends in terms of social and academic attitudes? 4. What are the interventions that need to be maintained, formulated and implemented to respond on this issue. Guiding Principles for Formulating Research Questions Be guided with the acronym “SMART” (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Timebound) Base your research questions in your RRLs. State your research questions in such a way that they include all dependent and independent variables referred to by the theories, principles, or concepts underlying your research work. Establish a specific connection between the research questions and the problem or topic. Avoid asking the research questions that are answerable by yes or no. Develop research questions in such a way that can arouse your curiosity and surprise you with your discoveries or findings Research questions should be preceded by one question expressing the main problem of the research. Scope and Delimitations in Qualitative Research The scope of the study refers to the parameters under which the study will be operating. The problem you seek to resolve will fit within certain parameters. The limitations are matters and occurrences that emerge in a research study which are out of researcher’s control. They limit the extensity to which a study can go, and sometimes influence the result and conclusions that can be get. Your study might have access to only certain people in an organization certain documents, and certain data. These are what we call limitations. The delimitations of the study are those characteristics that emerge from limitations in the scope of the paper (boundaries) and by conscious exclusionary and inclusionary decisions made during the development of the study. Unlike limitations, delimitations result from narrow and particular choices of a researcher. Among these are the choice of objectives and questions, variable of interest, the choice of theoretical dimensions that were adopted, the paradigm, methodology and choice of participants. Example: The study dealing with reasons of students dropping out from school makes use of the Case study design. The respondents of the study are the drop-out students from Candon City Division both Senior High School and Junior High School. The study was conducted from the month of December 2016 until the second semester of March 2017. Students who refused to be interviewed are not considered participants of the study. Benefits of Research Benefits for Learners Internal Motivation. Learners can develop a sense of legacy and fulfillment for the recognition and achievement for conducting research. External Motivation. Learners report that they are always inspired by teachers whom they perceive to be masters in their field and who transfers learning with excitement and enthusiasm for the subject. Active learning. Learners tend to learn most when they are actively involved in improving their skill set and knowledge. Skills development. Through research-based learning learners can develop the intellectual skills of critical analysis and also valuable transferable skills such as individual, group work, time and resource management and data organizing Kinds of Beneficiaries Primary- beneficiaries, who are critical to either the success of the project or in moving the project forward, for example project partners (short term) Secondary – beneficiaries are not serious to the project but in order to gain impact in the medium term it would be valuable if they were aware of any progress. Tertiary – beneficiaries who are not included in the project but have the potential for more long-t erm effects, i.e., utilizing the outputs from the secondary users (like practical products). Explore Activity 1. The Art of Questioning! Direction: Supply the missing data to complete the table below. Research Problem: Low performance of students because of the use of social media Research Topic: _______________________________________________ General Question: _______________________________________________ Specific Questions: _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Research Problem: _______________________________________________ Research Topic: Skills of Students in Conducting Research General Question: _______________________________________________ Specific Questions: _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Activity 2. Analyze and Learn from It! Direction: Read the scope and delimitation below and answer the guide questions. The study on the physicians’ challenges during disease treatment makes use of phenomenological research design. This takes place within the city of Candon, during the months of June, July and August 2017. Physicians who refuse and are not available during interview are not considered respondents of the study. Activity 3. Show me the Meaning! Directions: Given research titles and their abstracts below and explain the importance of conducting the study to the different stakeholders. I WANT TO BE TALL SOMEDAY: Height Aspirations Among Young People in the Philippines When the clock strikes midnight on New Year’s Eve in the Philippines, many children jump as high as they can, believing (with their parents) that it would make them grow taller. In my ethnography, I found many other practices that are believed to boost children’s statures when they grow -up, from sleeping in the afternoon to taking popular growth supplements that are overtly marketed with claims that it can make children grow tall. What aspirations are embedded in the desire for tallness that informs these practices? I draw from an “ethnography of height” in the city of Puerto Princesa, Western Philippines to look at different domains in society where height “matters”, including basketball games and beauty pageants that privilege tall bodies; jobs that explicitly or implicitly demand “height requirements”; public nutrition programs that use children’s heights as an index of both individual and national well-being; and the everyday lives of the youths with whom I hung out. These materialities of height in the Philippines, I argue, make it valuable “asset” for young people, and makes explicable young people’s aspirations of tallness. But although height emerges as a form of what I call “body capital”, there is also a “becoming” in the aspiration of tallness (Biel and Locke, 2010), and therein, I argue, lies the efficacy of height-making practices. Moreover, the desire for tallness can be read as an idiom for young people’s desire for better lives. Guide Questions: 1. What is the significance of the study to the following? Readers: ______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Researchers: __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Community: __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Deepen Directions: From the given abstract below, write down the research problem, research questions, general research questions, specific questions, scope and delimitation of the study and its benefits and beneficiaries. Pampaalert: Security Guard’s Use of Chemicals This study examined the security guard’s use of chemical stimulants such as coffee, cigarette, vitamins, drugs, and energy drinks as part of their work in Puerto Princesa City, Palawan. The informants in this study include twenty-one (21) security guards who were residents of Puerto Princesa City. Fifteen of the informants were men above 25 years old while six were women who were 28 years old and older. The majority of the informants entered in the security industry because of their lack of college degrees; most of them were high school graduates and are supporting their families and other dependents. Open-ended questionnaires have been used to gather data and audio recorded files were transcribed. The transcripts were thematically analyzed through the use of Nvivo software program. The findings of this study suggest that in a highly urbanized city like Puerto Princesa, chemical products that support or generate alertness are treated as indispensable commodities by many security guards. Though some people say that working as a security guards is a job for the lazy people (trabahong pang-tamad), this study shows that their work is very challenging. This research revealed that most of the security guards had difficulty staying focused during the graveyard shift. Ultimately, this study found that chemical stimulants may seem necessary in the security guards’ job. However, their effects are temporary and create a greater risk to the health of the users. Research Problem: ______________________________________________ Research Topic: ______________________________________________ General Question: ______________________________________________ Specific Questions: a. ____________________________________________ b._____________________________________________ c._____________________________________________ Scope: ______________________________________________ Delimitation: ______________________________________________ Benefits/Beneficiaries of the Study: a._____________________________________________ b. ____________________________________________ c. ____________________________________________ d._____________________________________________ e._____________________________________________ Lesson Writing Statement of the 3 Problem Jumpstart For you to understand the lesson well, do the following activities. Have fun learning and Goodluck! Directions: Read the statements carefully. Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement if False. Write your answer on your answer sheet. 1. Formulate your question not only based from the main problem but also within the focus of your research title. 2. Ask research questions that are answerable with “yes” or no” and use the “how” questions only in a quantitative research. 3. Let the set of research questions or sub-problems be preceded by one question expressing the main problem of the research. 4. Formulate research questions that can arouse your curiosity and surprise you with discoveries or findings. This is true for research questions asked about a problem that was never investigated upon. the study. ___________5. Your research method should be less important to you than your research question. What you are studying should be more important than how you are studying it. ___________6. The statement of the problem is traditionally written in the interrogative form. The modern formulation of this is in descriptive form. ____________7. Let the set of research questions or sub-problems be preceded by many questions expressing the main problem of the research. ___________8. The other part of the statement of the problem is the particular or specific questions, which are detailed questions that the study will give solution to. ____________9. Convincing solutions to research problems or answers to research questions stem from their alignment with what the world already knows or what previous research studies have already discovered about the research problem or topic. ___________10. One of the two main parts of the statement is the general or main question of the study, which means the main problem of the study. Discover Guidelines in Formulating Statement of the Problem Formulate research questions that can arouse your curiosity and surprise you with discoveries or findings. Establish a clear relation between the research questions and the problem or topic. Base your research questions on your RRL because existing published works help you get good background knowledge of the research problem and help you gauge the people’s current understanding or unfamiliarity about the topic, as well as the extent of their knowledge and interest in it. Convincing solutions to research problems or answers to research questions stem from their alignment with what the world already knows or what previous research studies have already discovered about the research problem or topic. Be guided with the acronym SMART (specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time-bound) in formulating the research questions. Applying SMART, you must deal with exact answers and observable things, determine the extent or limit of the data collected, be aware of the timeframe and completion period of the study. Let the set of research questions or sub-problems be preceded by one question expressing the main problem of the research. Avoid asking research questions that are answerable with “yes” or “no” and use the “how” questions only in a quantitative research. Formulate your question not only based from the main problem but also within the focus of your research title Explore Activity1: On the Edge of Learning! Directions: Check the column that indicates the quality of the given qualitative statement of the problem. Finish it until the last column. Qualitative Statement of the Researchable Non- Analysis Problem Researchable 1. What are the aspirations of single mothers in raising their children? 2. What is the possible impact of dividing Palawan into three provinces? 3. What time is it? 4. How far does the responsibility of the researcher extend when anonymization procedures fail to protect participants’ privacy? 5. What are the possible alternatives solutions for COVID 19? 6. What are the responsibilities of individual researchers when they participate in larger teams and projects? 7. What is the title of your study? 8. Does the distribution of money or goods to participants by researchers cause harm, for example generating conflict? 9. What are your plans for this week? 10. What are the factors that affect cyberbullying? Deepen Directions: Answer each question logically and briefly. 1. Describe the manners of a researcher writing a statement of the problem? __________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why should a research have a written statement of the problem? __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 3. Do you find writing a statement of the problem difficult or easy? Justify your answer? _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 4. Suppose that the study has no statement of the problem, what do you think is the consequences? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 5. In what stage of research is statement of the problem written? Explain your answer. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Gauge Research is Life! Directions: Write a research project based from the different lessons in this module. If possible, your chosen strand will be your focus. (e,g. STEM research project, ABM and the like) Research Title: ________________________________________________ Research Problem: _______________________________________________ Research Topic: ________________________________________________ General Question/Objective: ________________________________________________ Specific Questions/Objectives: a._______________________________________________ b._______________________________________________ c._______________________________________________ Justifications why you conduct Such Research: ________________________________________________ Scope _________________________________________________ Delimitation: _________________________________________________ Benefits or beneficiaries of your research: _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ Lesson 3 Jumpstart 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. F 7. F 8. T 9. T 10.T Explore Activity 1 Researchable: 1-6,8,10 Non-Researchable: 3,7,9 Analysis: Answers may vary Lesson 1 Gauge Answers may vary True or False 1. T 2. T 3. T 4. T Lesson 2 5. T Identification Activity 1 Answers may vary 6. Observation Activity 2 (answers may vary) 7. Thematic Analysis Explore 8. Interview Activity 1 Answers may vary 9. Background of the Study Activity 2 Answers may vary 10.Keywords Activity 3 Answers may vary Explore Activity 1, 2,3 Deepen (answers may vary) Answers may vary Deepen B, Answers may vary Answer Key References Babbie, E. (2004). The Basics of Social Research. 6th ed. USA: Wadsworth- Cengage Learning. Boholano, H. B., Bombita, M. B., Faltado, R. E., & Pogoy, A. M. (2016). Practical Research 1 (Qualitative Research for SHS). Quezon: Lorimar Publishing Inc. Dingwall, M. (1997). Accounts, Interviews and Observations. In G. Miller & R. Dingwall (Eds.), Context and Method in Qualitative Research (pp. 51-65). London: Sage. Drisko, J. (2005). Writing Up Qualitative Research. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services, 86 (4): 589-593. Glaser, B. G.,& Strauss, A. L. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Chicago: Aldine. Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (1994). Competing Paradigms in Qualitative Research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 105-117). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Litchman, M. (2013). Qualitative research in education: a university’s guide. (3rd ed). London: SageMatira, M. D., & Chico, A. M. (2016). Practical Researh for the 21st Century Learners. Manila: St. Agustine Publications, Inc. Melegrito, M. L., & Mendoza, D. J. (2016). Applied Research: An Introduction to Qualitative Research MEthods and Report Writing. Quezon: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. Ragma, F. G. (2019). Research 1 (Qualitative Research). Intramuros Manila: Mindshapers Co., Inc.. Stake, R. E. (2010). Studying How Things Work. The Guildford Press. New York London. Reprinted by permission.