Practical Research 1: General Format and Introduction

PRACTICAL RESEARH 1 Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to: Determine the general format of a research paper; Identify the parts of the research paper;  GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER  Use 1-inch margins on every side of the page for an APA Style pa...

PRACTICAL RESEARH 1 Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to: Determine the general format of a research paper; Identify the parts of the research paper;  GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER  Use 1-inch margins on every side of the page for an APA Style paper. However, your advisor or institution may specify different margins (e.g., a 1.5-inch left margin to accommodate binding). GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER  LINE SPACING: DOUBLE-SPACED  EXCEPT:  Title page  Words displayed inside tables or figures  Footnotes  Equations GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER FONT STYLE: Century Gothic FONT SIZE: A. Heading – 14 B. Subheading - 14 C. Content - 12 GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER HEADING: SIZE 14 SUBHEADIN G: SIZE 14 CONTENT: SIZE 12 GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER ALIGNMENT: JUSTIFIED (The first paragraph is indented) GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER WRITING STYLE  In writing a research paper, the researcher must use the third-person point of view.  Third-person point of view identifies people by proper noun (a given name such as Shema Ahemed) or noun (such as teachers, students, players, or doctors) and uses the pronouns they, she, and he. It also includes the use of indefinite pronouns such as one, everyone, and anyone. GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER WRITING STYLE  Third-person POV: According to Jones' article in Psychology Journal, the fear of falling is the only “natural-born fear” in humans, and all other fears develop through experience.  First-person POV: I read in Jones' article from Psychology Journal that the fear of falling is the only “natural-born fear” in humans, and all other fears develop through experience. GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER APA CITATION STYLE IN-TEXT CITATION Basic Structure  Author’s last name(s)  Publication date  Page number (Required for direct quotes; Encouraged for paraphrasing) GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER APA CITATION STYLE IN-TEXT CITATION Two Methods of In-Text Citation: GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER APA CITATION STYLE IN-TEXT CITATION Two Methods of In-Text Citation: GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER APA CITATION STYLE CITATION Citing a work in another source GENERAL FORMAT OF A RESEARCH PAPER APA CITATION STYLE IN-TEXT CITATION Two Methods of In-Text Citation: If a work has two authors, separate their names with an ampersand (&) in a parenthetical citation or “and” in a narrative citation. If there are three or more authors, only include the first author's last name followed by “et al.”, meaning “and others”. References (APA Style 7 Edition) th Book Online News/Magazine References (APA Style 7 Edition) th Journal Article Thesis or Dissertations  Parts of a Research  Title Page Paper  Table of Contents  Chapter 1: The Problem and its Background  Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature  Chapter 3: Methodology  Chapter 4: Results and Discussion  Chapter 5: Consolidated Findings, Reflections and Recommendations Title Page Format THE TITLE USES AN INVERTED PYRAMID FORMAT. INSTITUTIONAL FORMAT (COPY/PASTE) The surname of the researchers is CAPITALIZED. The first name is written in sentence case.  CHAPTER 1: The Problem and its Background Chapter 1: The Problem and its Background PARTS: I. Introduction II. Theoretical/Conceptual Framework III.Central and Corollary Questions IV.Scope and Delimitation V. Significance of the Study VI.Definition of Terms  Introduction The ideas in the introduction of the research are organized deductively. The study presents the global, local, and focal perspectives.  Introduction The global perspective shows the general idea about the topic. This is done by defining the topic of your research.  Introduction TITLE: LIVED EXPERIENCES OF OUTSTANDING EDUCATORS AND SCHOOL LEADERS: BASIS FOR COMPILATION OF MOTIVATIONAL TESTIMONIES This research revolves around understanding the importance of motivation in school organizations. Therefore, the global perspective states what motivation is.  Introduction The global perspective may also answer, “What do other countries do or experience regarding the study?” Introduction The research tries to look at the instructional strategies of English teachers during the pandemic. In this example, the global perspective stated what was happening to the educational system when the pandemic struck the world.  Introduction The local perspective describes the issue, the current practices, and conventions about the topic happening within the particular country.  Introduction TITLE: WORK-RELATED STRESS AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AMONG MILLENNIAL WORKFORCE IN THE NEW NORMAL In this research, the local perspective pointed out the attitude of the millennials in the Philippines towards work.  Introduction The focal perspective addresses the research gap. Research gap is essentially an unanswered question or unresolved problem in a field, which reflects a lack of existing research in that space.  Introduction TITLE: ENTITLED?: EXPLORING PAKIKISAMA, HIYA, AND UTANG NA LOOB In addition, the research AMONG PROFESSIONAL also tries to look into some GENERATION Z JOB Filipino values as a SEEKERS. variable to understand the working behavior of the In this research, the focal Filipino Gen Z. perspective pointed the insufficient studies on the current situation of Gen Z in the workplace.  Introduction In the last part of the focal perspective, researchers should include the rationale--the justification for undertaking a given study. It states the reason(s) why a researcher chooses to focus on the topic in question. It also shows how the study will fill the research gap identified. Introduction  Theoretical and Conceptual THEORY Framework  A conceptual idea formulated to explain, predict, and understand a phenomena FRAMEWORK  A skeleton—a basic structure or frame of reference designed to support something. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK Theories or models that serve as the skeleton for the foundation or bases of the study.  Theoretical and Conceptual Framework STEPS IN WRITING THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: 1. Identify your key concept. 2. Search and evaluate the different theories or models that different authors have proposed. Determine if it is connected to the study. 3. Discuss the theory or model and show how your research fits in.  Theoretical and Conceptual EXAMPLE: Framework The major concern of the research is to discuss the parent’s involvement during the new normal education. Upon searching, one of the theories that fit the research is the Engagement Theory by Kearsley and Shneiderman because it directly states the contribution of the parents to learners’ commitment to online learning participation. Theoretical and Conceptual Discussion Framework  Theoretical and Conceptual Framework Conceptual Framework is a structure that the researcher believes could best explain the natural progression of the phenomenon to be studied. It is like a roadmap for your study, helping you visualize your research project and put it into action. It defines the relevant variables for your study and maps out how they might relate to each other.  Theoretical and Conceptual Framework Here are some strategies for developing the conceptual framework: 1. Identify the key concepts of the study by referring to the research questions. 2. Use the existing theories relevant to your study. 3. After that, plot the conceptual framework using a concept map. 4. After completing the initial draft, write a narrative explanation of each concept and each relates with one another Theoretical and Conceptual Framework As shown in Figure 1, the researcher considered and focused on the lived experiences of outstanding school leaders and educators. She used audio/video and field notes in recording and interviewing the outstanding school leaders and educators in gathering essential information. Using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, she was able to extract important responses and themes thru verbatim transcription  Central and Corollary Question The central and corollary questions will have the institutional format: Central Question: 1. What is the essence of the lived experience among (participants) as to their (topic)? Corollary Question: 1. How do (your participant) describe their experience (regarding your subject/topic)? 2. What theme emerged from the (subject)?  Central and Corollary Question EXAMPLE: Central Question: 1. What is the essence of the lived experience of parents as to their involvement in new normal education? Corollary Question: 1. How do the parents describe their experience as regards to their involvement in the new normal education? 2. What theme emerged from the testimonies of the parents? 3. Based on the findings of the study, what output may be  Scope and Delimitation It is the section of the research paper that specifies the parameters by which the study will be conducted.  Scope and Delimitation Why – the general aims and objectives of the research. What – the subject to be investigated, and the included variables. Where – the location or setting of the study When – the timeframe within which the data is to be collected. Who – the subject matter of the study and the population from which they will be selected. How – how the research is to be conducted, including a description of the research design, methodology, research tools, and analysis techniques.  Scope and Delimitation The following may be used when writing this section:  This study covered…  This study focused on…  The coverage of this study…  This study is limited to…  This study does not cover… Scope and Delimitation  Significance of the The significanceStudy of the study details the specific contribution of your study as well as its benefit to people and organizations. It is usually written in enumeration form where the contents are arranged according to the beneficiaries. This is done by arranging the section from general to specific.  Significance of the Study Below are some parties that may benefit from your study: Practitioners of the field (e.g. teaching practitioners in general) Government agencies (e.g. DepEd) The organization or institution where the participant came from Heads and administrators of an organization Staff of an organization The group to where your participant belongs (e.g.  Significance of the Study Some of the useful phrases that can be used in writing the significance of the study: The findings of this study will prove useful to the following entities: This study will contribute to This study will provide useful insight to Significance of the Study Significance of the Study  Definition of Terms In research, terms can be defined in two ways: Conceptual definition is the meaning of the term that is based on how it is defined in the dictionary or encyclopedia. Operational definition is the meaning of the term based on how it was used in the