PPT Q3 W1 NS002 PDF

WEEK1 How the elements found in the universe were formed NS 002- PHYSCIE Formation of Light and Heavy Elements The origin of all the naturally occurring elements fall into two phases: —the origin of the 1. Big Bang or “light” elements Primordi...

WEEK1 How the elements found in the universe were formed NS 002- PHYSCIE Formation of Light and Heavy Elements The origin of all the naturally occurring elements fall into two phases: —the origin of the 1. Big Bang or “light” elements Primordial — the origin and Nucleosynthesi production of the “heavy” s 2. Stellar elements. Nucleosynthesis LIGHT ELEMENTS These elements were present during the initial formation of the universe.  Nucleosynthesis Process that creates new atomic nucleus from pre-existing nucleons, which is proton neutrons.  PROTONS What causes the neutrons and NEUTRONS protons to combine and form certain species of atomic nuclei in a process called nuclear fusion? extremely high energy and temperature of the universe Through Nuclear Fusion: ISOTOPES the light elements - Hydrogen (H), Helium A form of an element (He), and small that has the same amounts of lithium (Li) atomic number of and beryllium (Be) the original element were formed. but with different atomic mass or mass number. ISOTOPES Origin of Heavier Elements  The density inside a star is great enough to sustain fusion for extended time periods required to synthesize heavy elements. STELLAR NUCLEOSYNTHESIS There are many nuclear  synthetic pathways or produce heavy elements: The formation of heavy elements by 1. Proton-proton fusion fusion of lighter nuclei 2. Carbon-Nitrogen in the oxygen cycle interior of stars 3. Triple alpha process nuclear fusions to Origin of Heavier Elements Layers near core of stars have very high temperatures enough to nucleosynthesize heavy elements such as silicon and iron. Do you think elements heavier than Iron can  be formed through fusion? It cannot be formed through fusion as tremendous amounts of energy are needed for the reaction to occur. Neutron capture reaction In a neutron capture reaction, heavy elements are created by addition of more neutrons to existing nuclei instead of fusion  of liht nuclei. Do you think elements heavier than Iron can be formed through fusion? Heavy elements are formed in a supernova, a massive explosion of a star.  is the explosive death of a star. The Concept of Atomic Number that Led to the Synthesis of New Elements in the Laboratory ANATOMY OF A NUCLIDE NUCLEAR EQUATION:  reactants products Alpha particles - He NUCLEAR TRANSMUTATION: Neutron has 0 atomic number and 1 atomic mass TRIVIA! TECHNICIUM is the first artificial element  THANK YOU! 02 You can enter a subtitle here if you need it