Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction PPT

DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION PPT 2 MIKO ANSELM A. GALLON SST 1 EFFECTS OF DISASTERS ON ONE’S LIFE MELCS Describe the effects of disasters on one’s life. DRR11/12-Ia-b-3  C...

DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION PPT 2 MIKO ANSELM A. GALLON SST 1 EFFECTS OF DISASTERS ON ONE’S LIFE MELCS Describe the effects of disasters on one’s life. DRR11/12-Ia-b-3  CHECKING YOUR FEELINGS Think of three (3) disasters that you had experienced, watched, or read in the past two years. How do you feel while experiencing, watching, or reading it. CALAMITY / DISASTER - YOUR FEELING 1 2 3  EFFECTS OF NATURAL DISASTERS Natural disasters can destroy a whole community in an instant. Examples of natural disasters are volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, earthquakes, and typhoons which are destructive to people's lives.  EFFECTS OF MAN-MADE DISASTER Man-made disasters on the other hand are caused by human beings. Some of the man- made disasters are bomb explosions, terrorism, wars, leakage of poisonous chemicals, pollutions, industrial accidents, and epidemics. They are identified as man- made disasters because they happen due to human actions and not by natural forces.  WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HAZARD AND DISASTER? A hazard is a dangerous situation or event that carries a threat to humans. A disaster is an event that harms humans and disrupts the operations of society. Hazards can only be considered disasters once it affected humans. If a disaster happened in an unpopulated area, it is still a hazard.  THE HUMAN EFFECT OF NATURAL AND MAN-MADE DISASTERS 1. Displaced Populations One of the most immediate effects of natural disasters is population displacement. When countries are ravaged by earthquakes or other powerful forces of nature, many people need to abandon their homes and seek shelter in other regions. A large influx of refugees can disrupt accessibility of health care and education, as well as food supplies and clean water.  THE HUMAN EFFECT OF NATURAL AND MAN-MADE DISASTERS 1. Displaced Populations One of the most immediate effects of natural disasters is population displacement. When countries are ravaged by earthquakes or other powerful forces of nature, many people need to abandon their homes and seek shelter in other regions. A large influx of refugees can disrupt accessibility of health care and education, as well as food supplies and clean water. Marawi Evacuees - Philstar.com Tacloban after Yolanda – Philippine News Agency  THE HUMAN EFFECT OF NATURAL AND MAN-MADE DISASTERS 2. Health Risks Aside from the obvious immediate danger that natural disasters present, the secondary effect can be just as damaging. Severe flooding can result in stagnant water that allows breeding of waterborne bacteria and malaria-carrying mosquitoes. Without emergency relief from international aid organizations and others, death tolls can rise even after the immediate danger has passed. Sources of Water – UN Water Disaster Recovery – Unicef  THE HUMAN EFFECT OF NATURAL AND MAN-MADE DISASTERS 3. Food Scarcity The aftermath of natural disasters affects the food supplies. Thousands of people around the world are hungry because of destroyed crops and loss of agricultural supplies, whether it happens suddenly in a storm or gradually in a drought. As a result, food prices rise reducing families’ purchasing power and increasing the risk of severe malnutrition or worse. The impacts of hunger following an earthquake, typhoon or hurricane can be tremendous, causing lifelong damage to children’s development. Typhoon Rai in Dinagat Islands – AlJazeera Typhoon Haiyan – The Guardian  THE HUMAN EFFECT OF NATURAL AND MAN-MADE DISASTERS 4. Emotional Aftershocks Natural disasters can be particularly traumatic for young children. Confronted with scenes of destruction and the deaths of friends and loved ones, many children develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a serious psychological condition resulting from extreme trauma. Left untreated, children suffering from PTSD can be prone to lasting psychological damage and emotional distress. cadisinternational.org Turkey-Syria quake – thehealthsite.com  EFFECTS OF NATURAL DISASTERS Great damage caused by a disaster can be reduced if everyone will take responsibility in anticipating its effects. Here are some ways on how to plan ahead of a disaster:  EFFECTS OF NATURAL DISASTERS 1. Check for hazards at home. 2. Identify safe place indoors and outdoors 3. Educate yourself and family members 4. Have Disaster kits/supplies on hand. 5. Develop an emergency communication plan. 6. Help your community get ready. 7. Practice the Disaster Preparedness Cycle  ACTIVITY: WHAT IF? Consider yourself as a friend to the following people. Given their situations and the fact that they are suffering from a previous disaster, state the impact/effects of the disasters they are experiencing and what tips, advice or words can you give them to help them recover. 1. Diluc is a 16-year-old student. He lives in Taal, Batangas, together with his family. Fishing is their primary source of income. They found out that the Taal volcano had erupted in Taal, Batangas. What are the possible effects / effects of this condition on their family, and what advice are you going to give him? 2. Chasca is a primary school teacher in Cainta, Rizal. She used to be the mother of two beautiful children. Their community was hit by a Super Typhoon submerging and washed away their homes and properties. It is noticeably clear to her mind how her two children tried to hold their hands tightly, but their hands slipped away. What would be the potential effect / effects of the Super Typhoon teacher Chasca is experiencing? How do you think can she be helped in coping up from the tragedy?  GROUP ACTIVITY Suppose you have watched a true-to-life story featured on a television. Compose a letter addressed to Ate Charot (a TV program host). Your letter should narrate how the main character/s in the story inspired you with everything that he/she went through and the process on how he/she survived over the challenges of the disaster that he/she had experienced. Make sure that emphasis will be given on the disaster effects to the life of the main character. Present your output through a short presentation/role play.  RUBRIC FOR GRADING CONTENT – 20 DELIVERY – 10 OVERALL PRESENTATION – 10 ORIGINALITY – 5 TEAMWORK - 5 TOTAL - 50  DISASTERS FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES MELCS Analyze disaster from the different perspectives (physical, psychological, socio- cultural, economic, political, and biological). DRR11/12-Ia-b-2  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER 1. Physical Perspective Calamities are phenomena that cause great physical damage in a community infrastructure, its people and their properties, e.g. houses and environmental sources of living. These cited effects of a disaster can be easily measured and the most common.  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER Natural disasters generally affect the physical infrastructural facilities, agricultural productivity and even lead to loss of life and cause damage to property. Various factors influence the effects of a disaster on a country among them are the magnitude of the disaster, the geography of the area affected, and the recovery efforts directed towards reducing the immediate effects of a disaster.  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER Effects of Physical Disasters - Injuries - Physical disabilities or illness - Sanitation - Damage in infrastructure  IMPACTS OF YOLANDA Source: Humanitarian Practice Network  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER 2. Psychological Perspective Victims of disasters may suffer from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and other serious mental health conditions, which are not being given much attention to by the authorities or even by the victims, themselves. (This may be sensitive statement)  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER Disasters are mostly unpredictable, which leave the victims in a state of shock. They tend to deny the loss and try to escape from reality. Being in a denial state makes the victims more vulnerable to stress, anxiety, and other different maladaptive reactions. Death of a closed one also leaves the victim in a state of insecurity because the sense of love, attachment and belongingness are deprived.  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER Psychological effects of a Disaster: distress hopelessness intrusion/avoidance emotional effects hatred/revenge cognitive Effects dependence/insecurities lack of trust grief/withdrawn/isolation interpersonal effect guilt feeling helplessness Filipino teacher Hannah Jumang-It, cries next to her brother Mark Dave, as they wait for the retrieval of their father, Necitas Mejorada, a lay minister who was pinned by the rubble of damaged church of Our Lady Of Light, destroyed by a 7.2- magnitude earthquake in Loon town, Bohol province, central Philippines, Oct. 17. Source: http://archive.boston.com/bigpicture/2013/10/powerful_ earthquake_strikes_th.html  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER 3. Socio-cultural Perspective Filipinos are generally known as “matiisin”, resourceful, helpful, optimistic, and prayerful. These characteristics are manifested in the country’s recent fight against COVID-19.  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER The culture of “malalampasan din natin ‘to.” belief and “bahala na and Diyos” syndrome give hope to most Filipino in the midst of a disaster. Such perspective helps a lot especially those who belong to the marginalized sector to be hopeful and continue fighting against any challenge at hand. Their belief that a help from someone or from God would arrive at a time they most needed. It also helps most people survive a lot of oddities in life. Bayanihan after Typhoon Haiyan Source: Humanitarian Practice Network  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER 4. Economic Perspective Disasters affect the economic condition of a community because they reduce local and international trade. It can also partially or totally paralyze a country’s transportation system. Implementation of a partial and total shut down of local business operations result to a lot of people losing means of living.  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER Economic Effects of Disasters - unemployment - loss of property - loss of household - loss of crops - loss of public infrastructure Developing countries in Asia and the Pacific are among the world's most affected by natural disasters and their economic impact. Source: ADB  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER 5. Political Perspective Natural disasters are commonly thought to be less politically argumentative than armed conflicts, yet a closer look shows that both the effects of a natural disaster and the resulting distribution of humanitarian aid are profoundly linked to politics.  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER Just as vulnerability to disasters is mediated by the political system of a country, disasters can have major consequences for political stability and political legitimacy (Hörhager, July 2017).  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER Since agencies of government have a significant role to play in directing disaster preparedness, prevention and recovery. Social systems establish vulnerability to natural disasters and governments are often considered to be responsible for the disaster effects. The politics of the Philippines' vulnerability to natural disasters. Source: The Washington Post  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER 6. Biological Perspective The disturbing effects caused by a prevalent kind of disease or virus in an epidemic or pandemic level is known as biological disaster.  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER (a) Epidemic Level: Biological disaster affects large numbers of people within a given community or area. Ex: Dengue (b) Pandemic Level: Biological disaster affects a much large region, sometime spanning entire continents or the globe. Ex. Swine Flu  THE DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES OF DISASTER Effects of Biological Disasters  loss of lives  negative economic effect  unemployment  hunger COVID, natural hazards and climate crisis in Asia and the Pacific expand 'riskcape‘ Source: The UN News  ACTIVITY: WEIGHING WHAT’S IMPORTANT Thoma is an earthquake victim. He manages to save all his family members from the wraths of the disaster. Though he is mentally tough, all his resources are already gone. If you were to rank the following needs of Thoma from the most important to the least important, how would you arrange the following needs? Justify your answer.  ACTIVITY: WEIGHING WHAT’S IMPORTANT FOOD COUNSELLING HOME MEDICINE WORK GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE THAT’S ALL. THANKS FOR LISTENING. 