ppt-1-Copy.pptx

GOOD MORNING! ! STEM 11 MATTER https://www.slideshare.net/Jesuites_Poble_Sec/matter-12875539 Is defined as anything that occupies space and has mass.  ATOMS MOLECULES IONS the particles smallest composed with pa...

GOOD MORNING! ! STEM 11 MATTER https://www.slideshare.net/Jesuites_Poble_Sec/matter-12875539 Is defined as anything that occupies space and has mass.  ATOMS MOLECULES IONS the particles smallest composed with particle of atoms charges SOLID LIQUID GAS Arrangement: Particles are closely packed in a fixed, orderly structure, often forming a crystalline lattice. Relative Spacing: Particles are very close together with minimal space between them. Relative Motion: Particles vibrate in place but do not move freely. Arrangement: Particles are close together but not in a fixed arrangement; they can move past each other. Relative Spacing: Particles are close but with slightly more space between them than in solids. Relative Motion: Particles move more freely than in solids, allowing the liquid to flow and take the shape of its container. Arrangement: Particles are far apart and not in any fixed arrangement. Relative Spacing: Particles are much farther apart compared to solids and liquids. Relative Motion: Particles move rapidly and freely, colliding with each other and the walls of their container. 4. Plasma - has neither a definite volume nor a definite shape. Plasma often is seen in ionized gases, but it is distinct from a gas because it possesses unique properties. Free electrical charges (not bound to atoms or ions) cause the plasma to be electrically conductive. The plasma may be formed by heating and ionizing a gas.  Bose- Einstein 5. Condensate - is a group of atoms cooled to within a hair of absolute zero. When they reach that temperature the atoms are hardly moving relative to each other; they have almost no free energy to do so. At that point, the atoms begin to clump together, and enter the same energy states. They become identical, from a physical point of view, and the whole group starts behaving as though it https://www.thoughtco.com/states-of-matter-p2-608184#:~:text=Matter%20occurs%20in%20four%20states,removing%20heat%20 Properties of matter  PHYSICAL CHEMICAL EXTENSIVE INTENSIVE What is the difference between physical properties and chemical properties? In physical properties, no change in composition takes place during the determination or measurement of these properties. On the other hand, in chemical properties, a change in composition occurs during the determination or measurement of these properties. How do the extensive properties differ from the intensive properties? Extensive properties change their value when the amount of matter or substance is changed. Meanwhile, intensive properties do not change their value when the amount of matter is changed. EXTENSIVE extensive properties or extrinsic properties such as mass, length, size, and volume depend on the amount of matter. This means that the more matter there is, the greater is its mass, volume, or any one of its extensive properties. INTENSIV E Intensive property, in contrast, do not depend on the amount of the substance; they include density, color, melting point, boiling point, freezing points, and thermal conductivity. “Types of matter: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures” just click this link: https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=dggHWvFJ8Xs  WAYS OF SEPARATING MIXTURE  Ways of separating mixture Decantation is a process for the separation of mixtures of immiscible liquids or of a liquid and a solid mixture such as a suspension. to separate a solid from a liquid in a heterogeneous mixture based on gravity  Ways of separating mixture Evaporation is a technique used to separate out homogeneous mixtures where there is one or more dissolved salts. The method drives off the liquid components from the solid components. The process typically involves heating the mixture until no more liquid remains.  Ways of separating mixture Magnets are normally used to removed magnetic solids from the nonmagnetic components of a mixture. to separate a magnetic solid from a heterogeneous mixture  Ways of separating mixture Filtration is the process of separating a solid-liquid mixture by passing through a filter and trapping the solid in it. to separate a solid from a liquid in a heterogeneous mixture using a filtering membrane, like paper or cloth  Ways of separating mixture Chromatography is the method used to separate components of different degrees of solubility using a moving and a stationary fluid. This method works in separating the color pigments of inks.  CONSUMER PRODUCT Consumer goods are products bought for consumption by the average consumer. Clothing, food, and jewelry are all examples of consumer goods. Household Cleaning Products  BLEACHES Bleach helps clean and whiten surfaces by generally lowering the stability of the chemical bonds in stain molecules; thus, lessening the likelihood of these molecules to be colored because of reduced absorbance of radiation in the visible region. Additionally, bleach can convert dirt into particles that can be easily washed away in conjunction with the use of detergents. Commercial bleach comes as an aqueous solution of a bleaching agent with water. Two most common bleaching agents are sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI) and hydrogen peroxide (H,0,). Bleaching products with NaOCI are generally called chlorine bleach, which normally work by releasing oxygen. But toxic chlorine gas can also be produced if the bleach is mixed with acids. SOAP AND DETERGENTS Soaps and detergents are mixtures of surfactants, water softeners, stain removers, enzymes, and perfumes, among others. All of these components have specific purposes in the product. But the most Important among them are the surface active ingredients or surfactants. Surfactants render soaps and detergents capable of lowering the surface tension of water, which allows them to wet the surface to be cleaned. They also loosen and disperse water- insoluble soils (oil., grease, dirt, etc.), making them more washable with water. SOAP AND DETERGENTS Some laundry detergents may be used for housecleaning jobs. Detergents loosen dirt, and if complex soluble phosphates (called “builders”) are added to a detergent, they will remove oily dirt. If a builder is added, the cleaning product is marked “heavy duty” or “all-purpose.” Personal Care Products Foundation The base is usually water, oil, or wax. Talc, which helps color spread evenly and makes the product go on the skin smoothly, is the most common filler. Pigments include iron oxides and titanium dioxide in various shades of red, yellow, and black to help re-create natural skin tone Lotion Body and Hand Creams/Lotions are products that are intended to moisturize and soften the body and hands. One common moisturizing agents is glycerin, which helps provide hydration and gives the smooth feel of the skin. SKIN CARE PRODUCTS https://cosmeticsinfo.org/product/skin-care-products-creams-lotions-powders-and-sprays Household cleaning products and personal care products contain various active ingredients that perform specific functions. Disinfectants and Antibacterial Bleach (Sodium Hypochlorite) Hydrogen Peroxide Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (Quats) Phenolic Surfactants Anionic Surfactants (e.g., Sodium Lauryl Sulfate) Nonionic Surfactants (e.g., Ethylated Alcohols) Cationic Surfactants (e.g., Benzalkonium Chloride) Household cleaning products and personal care products contain various active ingredients that perform specific functions. Cleansers and Detergents Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES) Cocamidopropyl Betaine Moisturizers and Emollients Glycerin Propylene Glycol Dimethicone Household cleaning products and personal care products contain various active ingredients that perform specific functions. Antimicrobials and Antibacterial Triclosan Chlorhexidine Alcohol (Ethanol, Isopropanol) Active Ingredients in Skincare Retinoid (e.g., Retinol) Salicylic Acid Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs, e.g., Glycolic Acid, Lactic Acid) Beta Hydroxy Acids (BHAs, e.g., Salicylic Acid) Product Active Chemical Use Quality Cost Safety component formula