Post Test on Public Health Emergency Management | PDF

**1. ** True or False? The objectives of the International Health Regulation (IHR) and Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) are convergent: to detect, confirm, verify, notify and report for timely response to public health events irrespective of their source or origin. **[Tru...

**1. ** True or False? The objectives of the International Health Regulation (IHR) and Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) are convergent: to detect, confirm, verify, notify and report for timely response to public health events irrespective of their source or origin. **[True]** -- -- ------------------------ False **2. ** Tick the response that applies. Under the International Health Regulation (IHR) framework, 4 diseases always have to be notified: +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | B. Polio (wild type | | | | virus), smallpox, | | | | human influenza | | | | caused by a new | | | | virus, Ebola | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | | | A. **[Polio (wild | | | | type virus), | | | | smallpox, human | | | | influenza caused | | | | by a new virus, | | | | SARS] | | | | ** | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | C. Polio (wild type | | | | virus), smallpox, | | | | H1N1, SARS | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ **3. ** For International Health Regulation (IHR) notification of public health events to WHO, which of the following questions should have a YES answer? Is the event likely to have serious repercussions for public health? Is the event unusual or unexpected? Does the event involve a risk of international spread? Does the event involve a risk of travel or traffic restrictions? -- -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Is the event likely to have serious repercussions for public health? Has this type of event occurred over the past year? Does the event involve a risk of international spread? Does the event involve a risk of travel or traffic restrictions? -- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Is the event likely to have serious repercussions for public health? Is the event unusual or unexpected? Does the event involve a risk of spread from animals to humans? Does the event involve a risk of travel or traffic restrictions? -- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Emergency Operations Center (EOC) and Incident Management System (IMS)** 4\. True or False? The Incident Management System is a system that defines the roles and responsibilities of personnel and the operating procedures to be used in the management of incidents. True -- -- ------- False 5.  True or False? The Incident Management System is only used for large-scale incidents. True -- -- ------- False 6\. True or False? The main role of an Emergency Operations Center is to raise funds to respond to emergencies. True -- -- ------- False 7\. True or False? A functional Public Health Emergency Operations Center is an important component of the capacity to respond promptly and effectively to public health risks and public health emergencies. True -- -- ------- False **Rapid Response Team (RRT) composition and roles** 8.  True or False? The Rapid Response Team (RRT) is multifunctional, a RRT member can play any role in the team. True -- -- ------- False 9.  True or False? Number of members and composition of Rapid Response Team (RRT) depends on type of emergency, level of risk, resources, and geographic coverage. True -- -- ------- False 10.  Tick the response that applies. Rapid Response Teams (RRTs) in the incident management system are often coordinated from: The operations section -- -- ------------------------ The planning section **Occupational Health and Safety** 11. True or False? Personal safety is essential before taking care of others. True -- -- ------- False 12. True or False? Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) measures need to be in place only during outbreaks and emergencies. True -- -- ------- False **Prevention and Response to Sexual Exploitation and Abuse and Sexual Harassment** 13. True or False? Sexual exploitation is any actual or attempted abuse of a position of vulnerability, differential power, or trust, for sexual purposes, including, but not limited to, profiting monetarily, socially or politically from the sexual exploitation of another. True -- -- ------- False 14. Tick the response that applies. Situations which constitute act of Sexual Exploitation and Abuse may include: Unwanted touching of a sexual nature -- -- --------------------------------------- Making sex a condition for assistance Forcing sex, forcing someone to have sex with anyone -- -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Videotaping or photographing sexual acts and posting it without permission Name-calling with sexual epithets -- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Insisting on anything sexual, including jokes that may be uncomfortable, frightening or hurtful -- -- --------------- All the above -- -- --------------- **Pre-deployment readiness** 15\. True or False? The RRT manager at the Emergency Operations Center (EOC) or other entity deploying the Rapid Response Team (RRT) always provides to RRT members all the information they need about the situation in the area they will be deployed to.  True -- -- ------------------------- **[False]** 16.  Critical aspects of pre-deployment preparations include: +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | - **[Plan and | | | | organize your | | | | life at point of | | | | arrival: get | | | | information on | | | | the area of | | | | deployment: | | | | weather, culture, | | | | food, security, | | | | etc.] | | | | ** | +=======================+=======================+=======================+ | | | - Develop a SITREP: | | | | include all | | | | information | | | | available at this | | | | point in time. | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ 17.  Tick the response that applies. The pre-deployment briefing for Rapid Response Team (RRT) may include the following information/discussion topics: Latest available data (no matter how crude). -- -- ---------------------------------------------- Current/previous interventions (if any). Objectives for the mission. -- -- -------------------------------------------------------------- Expected reporting mechanism (within the team, to HQ, etc.). Indicators/metrics by sector (i.e., epidemiology, laboratory, WASH, etc.). -- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Standardized tools to use in the field, including case investigation forms, analytic software. Current security situation. -- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------- RRT safety considerations for the specific emergency (PPE, etc.). Language, religion and traditional practices of the community/area of deployment. -- -- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All the above. **Role and importance of logistics for the Rapid Response Team (RRT)** 18.  Tick the response that applies. When a Rapid Response Team (RRT) is deployed, logistics aspects: Must be planned and prepared ahead of the deployment of the RRT. -- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Must be planned and prepared when the RRT arrives at the area of deployment. 19. True or False? During emergencies, adequate logistics preparedness may have an impact on reducing mortality and morbidity. True -- -- ------- False 20. True or False? Risk management is a requirement to manage health resources and response appropriately. True -- -- ------- False 21. True or False? Rapid Risk Assessment (RRA) supports defendable and proportional decision making, especially where information is limited and the level of uncertainty high. True -- -- ------- False 22. True or False? The Rapid Risk Assessment (RRA) is conducted only at the onset of a public health event. True -- -- ------- False 23. Rapid risk assessment process may include several considerations. Amongst the ones listed below, one is NOT relevant to rapid risk assessment process. Which one is it?  Assembling the Risk Assessment team (WHO multidisciplinary team) -- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------ Formulating the risk questions Assess the hazard/threat -- -- -------------------------- Assess the exposure(s) Assess the cost of response operations -- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Assess the context (vulnerabilities and threat-specific factors that increase or decrease risk) -- -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Assigning the level of risk at national, regional and global levels. -- -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- **Outbreak investigation** 24.  There are 6 components on the descriptive phase of an investigation. One of the components listed below is NOT part of the descriptive phase of an outbreak investigation. Which one is it? Prepare for fieldwork. -- -- ----------------------------------- Confirm existence of an outbreak. Verify the diagnosis. -- -- ------------------------------ Construct a case definition. Find cases systematically and record information -- -- -------------------------------------------------- Perform descriptive epidemiology. -- -- ------------------------ Evaluate the response. -- -- ------------------------ 25.  An outbreak case definition should always include the suspected exposure. True -- -- ------- False 26.  One of the objectives listed below is NOT an objective of an outbreak investigation are. Which one is it?  Identify the agent, source, and/or mode of transmission. -- -- ---------------------------------------------------------- Raise funds to implement response measures Characterize the extent of the outbreak (e.g., who has been affected, who is at risk). -- -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Identify exposures or risk factors that increase risk of disease. -- -- -------------------------------------------------------- Develop and implement control and prevention measures. -- -- -------------------------------------------------------- **Active case finding and contact tracing** 27.  Early detection of new cases is important mainly because:  **[It facilitates isolation of cases from communities, thereby minimizing exposure to others.]** -- -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- It reduces the duration of incubation period. 28\. Tick the response that applies. Once contacts have been identified, contact monitoring is pursued: For the maximum incubation period of the disease from the last day of contact with a case to observe development of any symptoms being monitored. -- -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For the maximum incubation period of the disease from the first day of contact with a case to observe development of any symptoms being monitored. 29.  Tick the response that applies. A case definition MUST include:  Time, person, place, and exposure. -- -- ------------------------------------ Time, person, place. **Community engagement** 30. True or False? Communities must be involved as equal partners in developing health and response practices that are acceptable and appropriate for them. True -- -- ------- False 31. True or False? Only formal community leaders and influencers can help Rapid Response teams (RRTs) understand their community's perspectives and gain their trust. True -- -- ------- False **Emergency risk communication** 32.  True or False? Effective risk communication helps transform and deliver complex scientific information so that it is understood by, accessible to, and trusted by populations and communities. True -- -- ------- False 33\. True or False? In epidemics and pandemics, in humanitarian crises and natural disasters, effective risk communication allows people at risk to understand and make informed decisions to protect themselves and the people around them. True -- -- ------- False **Data management during emergencies** 34. Proper data management and routine data analysis is essential for timely response as it can: Provide epidemiological data for decision making. -- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ It helps implementing Infection Prevention and Control measures early. 35. True or False? During public health emergencies, one of the common challenges encountered is that presence of local and international Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) generates new data sources. True -- -- ------- False 36\. True or False? During an outbreak, it is better to collect as much surveillance data as possible. True -- -- ------- False **Infection Prevention and Control** 37.  Tick the response that applies. Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) major goals are:  Protecting yourself (health care worker) and protecting the patient. -- -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Protecting yourself (health care worker), protecting the patient, and protecting the community. 38.  True or False? Hand hygiene should be practiced by rubbing your hands with an alcohol-based formulation if hands are not visibly soiled. True -- -- ------- False 39.  To prevent and control infection, we perform hand hygiene: Regularly and thoroughly wash with alcohol-based hand rub for 60 seconds. -- -- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Regularly and thoroughly wash with soap and water according to the WHO 11 steps for 40-60 seconds. 40.  True or False? Standard precautions are the same as transmission-based precautions.  True -- -- ------- False 41. True or False? Risk assessment should be conducted before selection of Personal protective equipment (PPE). True -- -- ------- False 42. True or False? 0.5% chlorine solution should be used for performing bare hand hygiene. True -- -- ------- False 43. True or False? Chlorine solution can be used for at least 48 hours after preparation. True -- -- ------- False **Laboratory sample management** 44. True or False? The type of sample to be collected is always known before going to the field for investigation. True -- -- ------- False 45. True or False? Good sample collection steps include only the following: protect yourself, collect sample, make it safe, clean up. True -- -- ------- False 46. True or False? Autoclave and incineration are effective methods of decontaminating and disposing of waste. True -- -- ------- False **Psychological First Aid** 47.  Tick all the response that applies. Psychological distress responses in the context of emergencies may include the following symptoms: ✓ Anxiety, fear --- -- -------------------------------- ✓ Disturbed sleep and nightmares ✓ Anger --- -- ----------------- ✓ Guilt and shame ✓ Not being able to care for yourselves or your children --- -- -------------------------------------------------------- ✓ All of the above 48. True or False? Psychological First Aid is an intervention that can only be delivered by professional psychologists. True -- -- ------- False 49. True or False? Psychological First Aid is not asking people to analyse what happened or put time and events in order. True -- -- ------- False 50. True or False? Rapid Response team (RRT) members cannot be psychologically affected when responding to an emergency. True -- -- ------- False