Polity MCQs PDF - NCERT Practice Questions for UPSC & State PSCs

 Only & Only NCERT The Best Way to Practice NCERT... NCERT MCQs Indian Polity and Governance Class 6-12 (Old+New) Highly Useful for UPSC, State PSCs and Other Competitive Exams Authors Nihit Kishore Rituraj Singh ARIHANT PUBL...

 Only & Only NCERT The Best Way to Practice NCERT... NCERT MCQs Indian Polity and Governance Class 6-12 (Old+New) Highly Useful for UPSC, State PSCs and Other Competitive Exams Authors Nihit Kishore Rituraj Singh ARIHANT PUBLICATIONS (INDIA) LIMITED  ARIHANT PUBLICATIONS (INDIA) LIMITED All Rights Reserved © Publisher No part of this publication may be re-produced, stored in a retrieval system or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, web or otherwise without the written permission of the publisher. Arihant has obtained all the information in this book from the sources believed to be reliable and true. However, Arihant or its editors or authors or illustrators don’t take any responsibility for the absolute accuracy of any information published and the damage or loss suffered thereupon. All disputes subject to Meerut (UP) jurisdiction only Administrative & Production Offices Regd. Office ‘Ramchhaya’ 4577/15, Agarwal Road, Darya Ganj, New Delhi -110002 Tele: 011- 47630600, 43518550 Head Office Kalindi, TP Nagar, Meerut (UP) - 250002, Tel: 0121-7156203, 7156204 Sales & Support Offices Agra, Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Bareilly, Chennai, Delhi, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Jhansi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Nagpur & Pune. PO No : TXT-XX-XXXXXXX-X-XX Published by Arihant Publications (India) Ltd. For further information about the books published by Arihant, log on to www.arihantbooks.com or e-mail at [email protected] Follow us on  Your Achievement Our Commitment BEFORE ANYTHING ELSE, PREPARATION IS THE KEY TO SUCCESS. Civil Services Examinations are the most prestigious and coveted examinations in India. Due to the power, authority, reputation, this career attracts every aspirant to hold the post and become IAS/IPS officer. Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) and State Public Service Commission (SPSC) conduct this examination every year and lakhs of aspirants across the country toil for years to crack this distinguished exam in the country. Being the toughest exam, it automatically consists of a vast and a detailed syllabus. Aspirants often find it difficult to cover the entire syllabus and lack a right direction for a proper and a systematic study for the exam. The most important aspect of this preparation journey is the NCERT books. Every year approximately 35-40 questions directly come from NCERT books. NCERT books also play a key role in understanding the Basic Concepts; so that aspirants can easily form the basic foundation of the entire syllabus. But due to the demand for many NCERT books which are required for study, it becomes exhausting to cover each and every NCERT book. NCERT MCQs series presented by Arihant Publications covers MCQS from Class 6th to 12th NCERT books (both Old & New) in a comprehensive manner. The series is extremely useful for UPSC and State PSC examinations. The chapter-wise questions given in the sequential form in the series along with the source of the questions and detailed solutions will make the preparation easy and convenient. The factual accuracy and explanations make this series an authentic source for cracking the examinations. The book is adorned with questions prepared by a team of experts along with a vital role played by the Project Management team with members: Mona Yadav (Project Manager), Divya Gusain (Project Coordinator), Shivani Dixit, Ayush Rajput, Chandan (Proof readers), Vinay Sharma, Kamal Kishor, Sonu Kumar (DTP coordinators), Shanu and Mazher (Cover and Inner designer). We hope this book will help the aspirants to achieve their goals of clearing UPSC as well as State PCS exams. Your valuable suggestions have always inspired us to strive for useful, authentic and more trustworthy publications. So your inputs and suggestions are welcomed for subsequent editions. We wish you all the very best for your preparation and journey!! Publisher  CONTENTS Chapter 1. Constitutional Development 1-7 Chapter 2. Making of the Indian Constitution 8-12 Chapter 3. Salient Features of Indian Constitution and Preamble 13-18 Ÿ Salient Features of Indian Constitution Ÿ Preamble Chapter 4. Union and Its Territories 19-24 Chapter 5. Citizenship 25-26 Chapter 6. Fundamental Rights 27-35 Chapter 7. Directive Principles of State Policy 36-39 Chapter 8. Fundamental Duties 40-41 Chapter 9. Union Executive 42-52 Ÿ The Executive Ÿ The President Ÿ The Vice-President Ÿ Prime Minister and Council of Ministers Chapter 10. Union Legislature 53-62 Ÿ Rajya Sabha Ÿ Lok Sabha Ÿ Law-making Process/ Parliamentary Procedure Ÿ Parliamentary Privileges and Immunities Ÿ Parliamentary Committees Chapter 11. State Executive 63-69 Ÿ The Governor Ÿ Chief Minister and Council of Ministers Ÿ State Administration Chapter 12. State Legislature 70-76 Ÿ Legislative Council Ÿ Legislative Assembly Ÿ Powers and Functions of State Legislature Chapter 13. Judiciary 77-85 Ÿ Supreme Court Ÿ High Courts Ÿ Subordinate Courts Ÿ Judicial Review, Activism, PIL and Other Issues Chapter 14. Federalism and Centre-State Relations 86-91 Ÿ Federalism Ÿ Centre-State Relations Ÿ Special Provisions for Certain States Chapter 15. Union Territories and Scheduled & Tribal Areas 92-93 Chapter 16. Special Provisions for Certain Classes 94-99 Chapter 17. Local Self Government 100-107 Chapter 18. Public Services and Official Languages 108-112 Ÿ Public Services in India Ÿ Official Languages Chapter 19. Election and Related Process 113-122 Ÿ Elections and Electoral System Ÿ Election Commission and Other Officials Ÿ Electoral Reforms Ÿ Party System and Political Parties Ÿ Pressure Groups and Interest Groups Chapter 20. Emergency Provisions 123-125 Chapter 21. Constitutional and Non-Constitutional Bodies 126-130 Ÿ Constitutional Bodies Ÿ Non-Constitutional Bodies Chapter 22. Amendment Provision 131-133 Chapter 23. Political Theories and Fundamental Concepts 134-139 Chapter 24. Miscellaneous 140-142 Ÿ Foreign Policy / Non-Aligned Movement Ÿ National Symbols Practice Sets 1-3 143-154  01 Constitutional Development Old NCERT Class XI (Important Turning Points of Constitutional Development) 1. With reference to Regulating Act of 1773, Supreme Court was established at Calcutta (in 1774) consider the following statements. under the Regulating Act of 1773. It comprised of one (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) Chief Justice and three other judges. Statement (2) is incorrect because Sir Elijah Impey and 1. This was the first Act by British government to not the Lemaister was the first Chief Justice of the regulate the affairs of East India Company. Supreme Court. The court enjoyed jurisdiction over 2. The government of the Presidencies of Calcutta Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. and Madras were subordinated to the government in Bombay. 3. Which of the following statement(s) is incorrect 3. This Act provides for a Governor-General and a regarding the Regulating Act of 1773? council of four members who exercised their (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) authority jointly. (a) The rules and regulations made by the Which of the statement(s) given above is/are Governor-General and Council were not to be incorrect? repugnant to the laws of England. (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 (c) Only 2 (d) 1, 2 and 3 (b) There could not be appeal against Governor- General and Council to the British Government. j Ans. (c) (c) This Act laid the foundation of Central Legislature. Exp. Only statement (2) is incorrect with reference to (d) Both ‘ b’ and ‘c’ Regulating Act of 1773 because this Act subordinated the government of presidencies of Bombay and Madras j Ans. (d) to the government in Calcutta. Exp. Statements (b) and (c) are incorrect regarding the The Regulating Act of 1773 was laid to control and Regulating Act of 1773. regulate the affairs of East India Company because the Regulating Act of 1773 subjected the legislative political power of the Company was expanding. authority of the Governor-General and Council to certain limitations. 2. With reference to the establishment of Supreme As per this Act, there was the provision of appeal against Court, which of the following statement(s) is/are them to the Act, there was the provision of appeal correct? (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) (UPRO/ARO Pre 2016) against them to the British Government. 1. Supreme Court at Calcutta was established by the The Charter Act of 1833 and not the Regulating Act of Regulating Act of 1773. 1773 laid the foundation of Central legislature. 2. Lemaister was the first Chief Justice of this court. 4. Which of the following colonial acts made, for the Codes first time, the legislative functions of the (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 government distinct? (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (a) Charter Act of 1833 (b) Charter Act of 1853 j Ans. (a) (c) Charter Act of 1893 (d) The Act of 1858 Exp. Only statement (1) is correct with reference to the j Ans. (a) establishment of Supreme Court.  NCERT MCQs Constitutional Development 02 Exp. Charter Act of 1833 for the first time made, the Codes legislative functions of the government distinct. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct It made substantial changes in the Constitutional set-up explanation of A. of India. The sole legislative power in India was vested (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct in the Governor-General-in-Council. explanation of A. 5. Consider the following statements about the (c) A is true, but R is false. Governor-General-in-Council with respect to the (d) A is false, but R is true. Charter Act of 1833. (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) j Ans. (c) 1. The Council’s functions were divided into three Exp. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. categories. In order to strengthen the legislative machinery, the 2. A law member was added to the Council. Charter Act of 1853 was enacted. Under the new act, Which of the statement(s) given above is/are the Governor-General’s Council, when acting in its legislative capacity, was enlarged by the addition of six correct? new members. (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 Out of these six members, one was to be an official (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 representative from each of the four provinces (viz, j Ans. (b) Madras, Bombay, Bengal and North-West Provinces), Exp. Statement (2) is correct about the the Chief Justice and puisne judge of Supreme Court, Governor-General-in-Council with respect to the and a Commander-in-Chief. Thus, the strength of Charter Act of 1833. legislative council became twelve. The Council consists of four members, of whom one was to be a law member who could attend the council 8. Consider the following statements with respect to meetings when it was to perform legislative functions. the Act of 1858. (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) Statement (1) is incorrect because the Council’s functions 1. It abolished the Board of Directors and the Board were divided into two categories which are as follows: of Control and vested their powers in one of her (i) When it performed executive functions, it consisted Majesty’s Secretary. of the Governor-General and three members only. 2. The Governor-General and Governors of the (ii) When it performed legislative functions, it consisted Presidencies were to be appointed by the of Governor-General and four members. Secretary of state. 3. Appointments to the covenanted civil service were 6. Which of the following statement(s) is incorrect? not to be made through open competition. (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) (a) The Act of 1833 is known by the Regulating Act. Which of the statement(s) given above is/are (b) The Act of 1833 made substantial changes in the incorrect? Constitutional set up of India. (a) 2 and 3 (c) The sole legislative power in India was vested in the (b) Only 1 Governor-General of the Council under the 1833 Act. (c) 1 and 2 (d) All are correct (d) 1, 2 and 3 j Ans. (a) j Ans. (a) Exp. Statement (a) is incorrect because the Act of 1833 Exp. Statements (2) and (3) are incorrect with respect is known as the Charter Act and not the Regulating Act. to the Act of 1858. The Charter Act of 1833 was enacted by British In 1858, the British Crown took over the rights of the government in order to make the legislative functions Company’s government in India to its own hands. of government distinct. Therefore, this Act brought substantial changes in the Constitutional set-up. 7. Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason Under this Act, the Governor-General and Governors of (R) and choose the correct code. the Presidencies were to be appointed by the Crown. (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) However, the members of the Governor-General’s Assertion (A) The charter of 1853 further extended Councils were to be appointed by Secretary-in-State. the machinery of legislation. Under this Act, the Covenanted Civil Services were to Reason (R) The strength of the legislative council be made through open competitive examinations with the assistance of Civil Service Commission. became nine under this act.  NCERT MCQs Constitutional Development 03 9. Which of the following statements is correct The Indian Councils Act of 1861 It authorised regarding Indian Councils Act of 1861? Governor-General to exercise a veto and issue (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) ordinances in case of an emergency. The Charter Act of 1833 It made the council consist of (a) The term of the members of Governor- General’s four members, of whom one was to be a law member. Council nominated, were for three years. (b) Every Act passed by the legislature in India was 11. By which of the following Act, Legislative Council subject to approval of her Majesty acting through of India received the power to discuss the Secretary of State-in-Council. Budget? (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) (UPPSC Pre 2003) (c) The Governor-General was not authorised to issue (a) Indian Councils Act, 1861 ordinance and exercise veto even in an emergency. (b) Indian Councils Act, 1892 (d) The strength of the Governor-General’s Council was raised to six by addition of two more members for (c) Indian Councils Act, 1909 executive purposes. (d) Indian Councils Act, 1919 j Ans. (b) j Ans. (b) Exp. Statement (b) is correct regarding Indian Exp. Legislative Council of India received the power Councils Act of 1861 as every Act passed by the to discuss the Budget in Indian Councils Act of 1892. legislature in India was subject to approval of Her Under this Act, the Governor-General-in-Council was Majesty acting through Secretary of State-in-Council authorised to make rules subject to the sanction of the regarding the Indian Councils Act of 1861. Secretary of State-in-Council for discussing annual Statements (a), (c) and (d) are incorrect as under the financial statements (commonly known as budget) and Indian Councils Act of 1861, the term of nominated for asking questions. members of Governor- General’s Council (by adding 6-12 new members) was for two years. 12. Consider the following statements regarding the Under this Act, Governor-General was authorised to Indian Councils Act of 1892. exercise a veto and issue ordinances in an emergency. (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) The strength of Governor-General’s Council for 1. The strength of the central and provincial executive purposes was raised to five by addition of one legislative councils was expanded by adding 8-20 more member. new members. 2. Three fifth of additional members in these 10. Match the following lists correctly and choose the councils were to be non-officials. correct code. (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) Which of the statement(s) given above is/are List I (Acts) List II (Provisions) correct? A. The Charter Act of 1853 1. Office of the Secretary of (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 State (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 B. The Act of 1858 2. Membership to Puisne j Ans. (a) Judge of Supreme Court Exp. Only statement (1) is correct regarding Indian C. The Indian Councils Act 3. Addition of Law Member Councils Act of 1892. of 1861 Indian Councils Act of 1892 was passed to further D. The Charter Act of 1833 4. Ordinance Power expand and strengthen the legislative councils. Under this act, the strength of central and provincial legislative Codes councils was expanded by adding 8-20 new members. A B C D A B C D Statement (2) is incorrect because two-fifth of these new (a) 2 3 1 4 (b) 2 1 4 3 additional members were to be non-officials. (c) 3 1 4 2 (d) 1 3 4 2 13. The Act of 1909 was associated with j Ans. (b) (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) (MPPSC Pre 2017) Exp. The correct matching is A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3. (a) introduction of separate electorate The Charter Act of 1853 It talked about Chief Justice (b) decentralisation and a Puisne Judge of Supreme Court, among the six (c) dyarchy members, added in Governor-General’s Council. (d) Legislative councils The Act of 1858 It created the office of Secretary of State who was to be assisted by a Council of India. j Ans. (a)  NCERT MCQs Constitutional Development 04 Exp. The Act of 1909 was associated with the Council was not responsible to the Central legislature introduction of separate and discriminatory electorate. but to the Secretary of State. Under this act, the The electorate for returning the representatives to the maximum limit imposed on the membership of the councils was divided on the basis of class, community Governor-General’s Executive Council was also and interests. For the provincial councils, the electorate removed. provided for three categories viz. general, special and class. For the Central council, separate electorate for 16. Which of the following is/are the principal Muslims was also added, besides these three categories. feature(s) of the Government of India Act, 1919? (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) (IAS Pre 2012) 14. Consider the following statements regarding 1. The introduction of dyarchy in the executive Indian Councils Act of 1909. Government of the provinces. (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) 2. The introduction of separate communal 1. There were Ex-officio members, nominated electorates for muslims. officials, nominated non- officials and elected 3. Devolution of legislative authority by the Centre members in Central Legislative Council. to provinces. 2. This Act empowered the members of legislative Codes councils to discuss the budget and move (a) Only 1 (b) 2 and 3 (c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 resolutions. j Ans. (c) 3. The resolutions moved by the members of Exp. Statements (1) and (3) are the principal features of legislative councils were binding on the the Government of India Act, 1919. The Act introduced government. dyarchy in the provinces. Under this, provincial Which of the statement(s) given above is/are subjects were divided into transferred and reserved. correct? Under reserved subjects, the Governors were to be (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 advised by the Councillors who were not accountable (c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 to the legislature, this was called ‘dyarchy’. j Ans. (a) Under this Act, there was provision for central as well as provincial subjects. Provincial legislatures were Exp. Statements (1) and (2) are correct regarding empowered to legislate on provincial subjects. Indian Councils Act of 1909. Statement (2) is not the principal feature of the Act as This Act empowered the members of the Legislative the Introduction of Separate Muslims Electorate was Council to discuss the budget and move resolution done by Government of India Act, 1909 and not before it was finally approved. They were allowed to Government of India Act, 1919. However, it was move resolutions on matters related to loans to local continued under this Act. bodies, additional grants and new taxes. Statement (3) is incorrect as the resolutions adopted by 17. Which of the following pairs is incorrectly the house were not binding on the government. matched? (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) (a) All India Federation – The Government of India Act, 15. Which of the following statements is incorrect 1935 with respect to Government of India Act, 1919? (b) Extraordinary membership to Commander-in-Chief (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) – Charter Act of 1853 (a) The Governor-General had the last word on any bill (c) Dyarchy at the provinces – The Government of India passed by the Central legislature. Act, 1919 (b) The budget was divided into two categories, i.e., votable and non-votable, in Central legislature. (d) Non-official majority in Provincial Legislature – Indian Councils Act of 1892 (c) The executive council of Governor-General was responsible to the Central legislature. j Ans. (b) (d) The control of the Secretary of State for India over Exp. Pair (b) is incorrectly matched as extraordinary the Central and Provincial administration was membership to Commander-in-Chief was introduced reduced through this act. under Indian Council Act of 1861. The Indian Councils j Ans. (c) Act, 1861 transformed India’s Executive Council to function as a Cabinet run on the portfolio system. The Exp. Statement (c) is incorrect with respect to Military Commander-in-Chief sat in with the council as Government of India Act, 1919. Under the Government an extraordinary member. The Executive Council was of India Act, 1919, the Governor-General’s Executive enlarged by addition of fifth member.  NCERT MCQs Constitutional Development 05 18. The distribution of power between centre and Which of the statement(s) given above is/are states as in the Constitution of India is based on correct? which of the following plans? (a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2 (c) 1 and 3 (d) Only 3 (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) (IAS Pre 2012) j Ans. (c) (a) Morley Minto Reform, 1919 Exp. Statements (1) and (3) are correct about the (b) Montague Chelmsford Reform, 1919 Council of States with respect to the Government of (c) Government of India Act, 1935 India Act, 1935 as the proposed federal polity of India (d) Indian Independence Act, 1947 was to have a bicameral legislature at the Centre. The Upper House consists of 260 members of whom 156 j Ans. (c) were to be represent the provinces and 104 to represent Exp. The distribution of power between centre and the native states. The Council of States was to be a states as in the Constitution of India is based on the permanent house and one-third of its members were to Government of India Act, 1935. Under this act, the retire every third year. functions of the government were divided into three Statement (2) is incorrect as the seats fixed for Hindus, categories i.e. federal list (59 subjects), provincial list Muslims and Sikhs were to be filled by direct elections (54 subjects) and concurrent list (36 subjects). and the seats reserved for Europeans, Anglo-Indian While the federal and provincial governments had Community and Indian Christians were to be filled by exclusive jurisdiction on the subjects in the federal and indirect method. provincial lists respectively, both the federal and the provincial governments could legislate on the subjects 21. Which of the following statements about the mentioned in the concurrent list. Federal Assembly with respect to the Government of India Act, 1935 is incorrect? 19. In the Federation established under this Act of (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) 1935, residuary powers were given to the (a) The Lower House was to be called the Federal (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) (UPPSC Mains 2008) Assembly. (a) Federal legislature (b) It consist of 375 members, out of which 250 were to (b) Provincial legislature represent the provinces and 125 to represent the (c) Governor-General princely states. (d) Provincial Governor (c) The seats allotted to the various communities in the provinces were also disproportionate to their j Ans. (c) population. Exp. In the Federation established under Government (d) The term of the Assembly was six years but it could of India Act, 1935, the residuary powers were given to be dissolved earlier also. the Governor-General. j Ans. (d) The federal legislature was also empowered to legislate on provincial list in an emergency or when two or more Exp. Statement (d) is incorrect about the Federal provinces requested it to do so. Assembly with respect to the Government of India Act, 1935 as the term of the Assembly was five years but it No bill could become an Act unless both the houses could be dissolved earlier also. passed it and also approved by the Governor-General. The Lower House was to be called as Federal Assembly 20. Consider the following statements about the that consisted of 375 members. The seats allotted to the Council of States with respect to the Government various communities in the province were also disproportionate to their population. of India Act, 1935. (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) 1. The council must consist of 260 members, of 22. Consider the following statements with reference whom 156 were to represent the provinces and to Government of India Act, 1935. 104 were to represent the native states. (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) 2. The seats fixed for Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs 1. This Act introduced dyarchy at the provincial level. were to be filled by indirect elections, the seats 2. Ecclesiastical affairs, defence, external affairs and reserved for Europeans, Anglo-Indian Community tribal areas were under transferred subjects. and Indian Christians were to be filled by a direct Which of the statement(s) given above is/are method. correct? 3. One-third of its members were to retire every (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 third year. (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2  NCERT MCQs Constitutional Development 06 j Ans. (d) 4. This court was not the highest court of appeal. Exp. Neither statement (1) nor (2) is correct with Codes reference to Government of India Act, 1935. (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 Government of India Act, 1935 introduced dyarchy at (c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 the Federal level and not at Provincial level. j Ans. (a) The federal subjects were divided into two categories – Exp. Statements (1) and (2) are incorrect regarding the the reserved and transferred. Ecclesiastical affairs, Government of India Act, 1935. Government of India (external affairs of other monasteries, mandir and Act, 1935 provided for a federal court that was to religious institutions) Defence, External affairs and consist of a Chief Justice and not more than six other Tribal areas were under reserved subjects and not judges. transferred subjects. In the matters of reserved subjects, the Governor-General possessed the The judges, under this act, were to be appointed by discretionary power and was not even required to Her Majesty and retired at the age of 65. consult with the council of ministers. 25. Which of the following statement is incorrect 23. Consider the following statements with respect to about the proposals offered by British Government of India Act, 1935. Parliamentary Committee (Cabinet Mission) on (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) May, 1946? (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) 1. This Act enumerated the discretionary power of (a) There should be a union of India comprising the Governor. provinces and princely states. 2. This Act provided for unicameral legislatures in (b) The union should have jurisdiction on foreign affairs, six provinces and bicameral in five provinces. defence and communication. (c) The union should have an executive and a legislature Which of the statement(s) given above is/are consisting of representatives of provinces only. correct? (d) Provinces should be free to form groups and each (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 group could determine the provincial subjects to be (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 taken in common. j Ans. (d) j Ans. (c) Exp. Neither statement (1) nor (2) is correct with Exp. Statement (c) is incorrect regarding the proposals respect to Government of India Act, 1935. offered by the British Parliamentary Committee The Government of India Act, 1935 did away the (Cabinet Mission) on May, 1946. dyarchy introduced by Government of India Act, 1919 After the Second World War, the British government and Governor-General were required to act accordingly sent a committee of three members of the British on the advice of Council of Ministers. However, in Cabinet that was authorised to evolve a formula exceptional cases, Governor-General were given some acceptable to prominent political parties of India. This discretionary powers or powers of individual judgement. was called the Cabinet Mission Plan. But this Act did not enumerate discretionary powers of the Governor. The main proposals of this mission were as follows : There should be a union of India comprising of This Act provided for bicameral legislatures in six provincial and princely states. provinces and unicameral in five provinces. The Upper House was to be called as Legislative Council and The union should have jurisdiction on foreign affairs, Lower House was to be called as Legislative Assembly. defence and communication. The union should have an executive and a legislature 24. The Government of India Act, 1935 provided for consisting of representatives of both the provincial a federal court. Which of the following and princely states. statements is/are incorrect regarding the same? 26. Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) (R) and choose the correct code. 1. It was to consist of a Chief Justice and not more (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) than eight other judges. Assertion (A) The Cabinet Mission Plan envisaged 2. The judges were to be appointed by Her Majesty the setting up an Interim government. and retired at the age of 68. 3. The judges could be removed earlier on charges of Reason (R) In the Interim government, all the misbehaviour or infirmity of mind or body. portfolios were to be held by Indians.  NCERT MCQs Constitutional Development 07 Codes 3. Under this plan, a referendum would be held in (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Sylhet division of Assam. explanation of A. Which of the statement(s) given above is/are (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct correct? explanation of A. (a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 3 (c) A is true, but R is false. (c) 1 and 2 (d) 1, 2 and 3 (d) A is false, but R is true. j Ans. (b) j Ans. (b) Exp. Statements (1) and (3) are correct regarding Exp. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, Mountbatten plan. but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Mountbatten, as the Governor-General of India, was Assertion (A). sent by the British Government, to negotiate with The Cabinet Mission envisaged the immediate setting leaders of India, regarding transfer of power to India. up of an interim government in order to carry on the While he was negotiating with the leaders of different administration while Constitution making was in parties, communal riots broke out in the support of progress. Partition of India. Hence, Mountbatten declared that In the Interim government, all the portfolios were to be partition of India was the only possible solution of the held by Indians and the British Government was to give Indian problem. full co-operation in the accomplishment of the tasks that Under this plan, it was also mentioned that a confronted the Interim government. referendum would be held in the Sylhet division of Assam to determine whether it would remain a part of 27. Consider the following statements. Assam or join East Bengal which would be a part of (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) Pakistan. 1. On 14th August, 1946, an Interim government Statement (2) is incorrect as according to Mountbatten was formed under the leadership of Jawaharlal plan, the three disputed provinces viz, Assam, Bengal Nehru. and Punjab were to be partitioned. 2. This Interim government remained in office till 29. Which of the following provisions was/were not 28th October, 1946. under the Indian Independence Act, 1947? Which of the statement(s) given above is/are (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) incorrect? 1. The Act provided for the creation of two (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 independent dominions, viz India and Pakistan. (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 2. It provided for the partition of Punjab and Bengal. j Ans. (b) 3. The princely states were free to join India or Exp. Statement (2) is incorrect as the Interim Pakistan or remain independent. Government remained in office till the partition of 4. The British Government was to exercise authority India in August, 1947. over the tribal areas. The Interim Government of India, also known as the Codes Provisional Government of India had the task of (a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 4 assisting the transition of British India to Independence. (c) 2 and 3 (d) 3 and 4 j Ans. (b) 28. Consider the following statements regarding Exp. Only statement (4) was not under the provisions Mountbatten plan. (Chap 1, Class-XI, Old NCERT) of Indian Independence Act, 1947. 1. It declared that partition of India was the only Under the Indian Independence Act 1947, the British possible solution of the Indian problem. Government was not to exercise any authority in future 2. Under this plan, there were provisions for over the tribal areas. Any treaty or agreement in force, at partitioning three disputed provinces viz Madras, the time of passing of this act, between British Central Provinces and Orissa. Government and any tribal authority also lapsed.  02 Making of the Indian Constitution Old NCERT Class VII (How we Made our Constitution?), New NCERT Class IX (Making of the Constitution), New NCERT Class XI (Constitution: Why and How?) 1. Which of the following statements is incorrect j Ans. (a) regarding the function of the Constitution? Exp. Only statement (1) is incorrect because the Indian (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) Constitution does not make ethnic identity a criterion (a) To provide a set of basic rules that allows for minimal for citizenship. But there are many countries e.g., coordination amongst members of a society. Germany in the world who made ethnicity as their national identity. (b) To allow all the members of the society to make decision. 3. Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason (c) To set some limits on what a government can impose (R) and choose the correct code. on its citizens. (Chap 2, Class-IX, New NCERT) (d) To enable the government to fulfil the aspirations of a society. Assertion (A) The experience gained by Indians in the working of the legislative institutions created j Ans. (b) by British proved to be very useful for the country Exp. Statement (b) is incorrect regarding the function in setting up its own institutions. of the Constitution because it does not allow all the Reason (R) The Indian Constitution adopted many members of the society to make decision. institutional details and procedures from colonial The function of a Constitution is to specify who has the laws like the Government of India Act, 1935. power to make decision in a society. In the Indian Constitution, it is specified that, Parliament gets to Codes decide laws and policies and that Parliament itself be (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct organised in a particular manner. Thus, it does not give explanation of A. power to all the members of society to make decisions. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 2. Consider the following statements. (c) A is true, but R is false. (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) (d) A is false, but R is true. 1. India’s Constitution does make ethnic identity a criterion for citizenship. j Ans. (a) 2. Different nations embody different conceptions of Exp. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and national identity in their Constitution. Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). Which of the statement(s) given above is/are The experience gained by Indians in the working of the incorrect? legislative institutions created by British proved to be (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 very useful for the country in setting up its own institutions. (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2  NCERT MCQs Making of the Indian Constitution 09 The familiarity with political institutions of colonial rule expresses the broad consensus of its time. Over the last helped Indians develop an agreement over the half a century, several groups have questioned some institutional design. provisions of the Constitution but no one has ever The Indian Constitution adopted many institutional questioned the legitimacy of the Constitution itself. details and procedures from colonial laws like the Government of India Act, 1935. Our leaders gained 6. Which of the following statements are correct confidence to learn from other countries, but on our regarding Indian Constituent Assembly? own terms. At each step, they were questioning whether (Chap 2, Class-IX, New NCERT) (RAS Pre 2018) these things suited our country or not. 1. It was not based on adult franchise. 2. It resulted from direct election. 4. Consider the following statements. 3. It was not a multi-party body. (Chap 2, Class-IX, New NCERT) 4. It worked through several committees. 1. The drafting of the document called the Codes Constitution was done by an assembly called the (a) 1 and 4 (b) 1 and 2 Drafting Assembly. (c) 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 2. Elections to the Constituent Assembly were held j Ans. (a) in July, 1946. Exp. Statements (1) and (4) are correct regarding 3. The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly was Indian Constituent Assembly. held in September, 1946. The Constituent Assembly met for the first time on 9th 4. There was same Constituent Assembly for India December, 1946. There was not any adult suffrage and Pakistan. during that time, so the Constituent Assembly could not Which of the statement(s) given above is/are have been chosen directly by the people of India. incorrect? The Constituent Assembly formed a number of (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1, 3 and 4 committees to deal with different tasks of (c) 2, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Constitution-making. j Ans. (b) Statements (2) and (3) are incorrect because they were indirectly elected by the members of the provincial Exp. Statements (1), (3) and (4) are incorrect. assembly, who themselves were elected on a limited The drafting of the document called the Constitution franchise. It was a multi-party body as the Congress, the was done by an assembly of elected representatives Muslim League and some other political parties also got called the Constituent Assembly and not the Drafting representation. Assembly. The first meeting of Constituent Assembly was held in 7. Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason December, 1946. (R) and choose the correct code. After the partition of India, the Constituent Assembly (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) was also divided into India and Pakistan. Assertion (A) Some countries have subjected their 5. Choose the correct statement(s) regarding the Constitution to a full-fledged referendum. Constitution of India. (Chap 2, Class-IX, New NCERT) Reason (R) The Indian Constitution was never subjected to such a referendum. 1. The Constitution reflects the views of the Codes members of the Constituent Assembly only. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct 2. In some other countries, the Constitution exists as explanation of A. a mere piece of paper. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct Codes explanation of A. (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 (c) A is true, but R is false. (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) A is false, but R is true. j Ans. (b) j Ans. (b) Exp. Only statement (2) is correct. In some other Exp. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but countries, the Constitution exists as a mere piece of Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). paper as no one actually follows it. Some countries have subjected their Constitution to a Statement (1) is not correct because the Constitution of full-fledged referendum, where all the people vote on India does not reflect the views of its members alone. It the desirability of a Constitution.  NCERT MCQs Making of the Indian Constitution 10 The Indian Constitution was never subjected to such Statements (1) and (3) are incorrect because the referendum. Although, the Constitution itself was not Drafting Committee was chaired by Dr. BR Ambedkar subjected to such a referendum, but nevertheless and not by Dr. Rajendra Prasad. carried enormous public authority. It is because it had The members deliberated over 114 days spread over the consensus and backing of leaders who were three years on Draft Constitution. themselves popular. 10. Members of Constituent Assembly, who drafted 8. Consider the following statements with respect to the Constitution of India were the composition of Constituent Assembly. (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) (IAS Pre 2002) (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) (a) nominated by British Parliament. 1. Constituent Assembly consisted of 389 members, (b) nominated by Governor-General. 296 representing the provinces and 93 (c) elected by Legislative assemblies of various provinces. representing the princely states. (d) elected by Indian National Congress and Muslim 2. Each province was to be allotted a number of League. seats proportional to its population. j Ans. (c) Which of the statement(s) given above is/are Exp. Members of Constituent Assembly, who drafted correct? the Constitution of India were elected in 1946 by (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 legislative assemblies of various provinces. (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 The members were elected indirectly by the members j Ans. (c) of provincial assembly, who themselves were elected on Exp. Both the statements (1) and (2) are correct with a limited franchise. In spite of these limitations, the respect to the composition of Constituent Assembly. Constituent Assembly could be called real According to the scheme recommended by the Cabinet representative of the people because it had Mission, the arrangement was–292 members were representation of almost all shades of opinions. elected through the Provincial Legislative Assemblies; 93 members represented the Indian Princely States; 4 11. Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason members represented the Provinces. Thus, the total (R) and choose the correct code. membership of the Assembly was to be 389. (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) (UPPSC Pre 2015) Each province and each princely state or group of states Assertion (A) The Constitution of India has become were allotted seats proportional to their respective the longest one. population roughly in the ratio of 1:10,00,000. Reason (R) The chapter on fundamental rights has been borrowed from the model of American 9. Consider the following statements with regard to Constitution. drafting of the Constitution. (Chap 2, Class-IX, New NCERT) Codes (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct 1. The Drafting Committee was chaired by Dr. explanation of A. Rajendra Prasad. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct 2. More than two thousand amendments were explanation of A. considered on the Draft Constitution. (c) A is true, but R is false. 3. The members deliberated for 90 days over three (d) A is false, but R is true. years on the draft constitution. Which of the statement(s) given above is/are j Ans. (b) correct? Exp. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, (a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 2 but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of (c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 Assertion (A). The Constitution of India has become the longest written Constitution of the World. j Ans. (b) Several provisions of Indian Constitution have been Exp. Only statement (2) is correct regarding the adopted from the constitutional model of various drafting of the Constitution. It is because more than countries. two thousand amendments were considered while The provisions of fundamental rights in our Constitution drafting the Constitution, after several rounds of have been based on Bill of Rights in the American thorough discussion, clause by clause. Constitutional model.  NCERT MCQs Making of the Indian Constitution 11 12. Which of the following statement is correct They did not simply advance their own interests, but regarding the representation in the Constituent gave principled reasons to other members for their Assembly? (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) positions. The Constitution drew its authority from the fact that (a) The members of the Assembly were elected by members of the Constituent Assembly engaged in what universal suffrage. one might call public reason. (b) Members of only two religions were given representation under the Cabinet Mission Plan. 14. Consider the following statements with respect to (c) The Assembly had 28 members from the the committees of Constituent Assembly. Scheduled Tribes. (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) (d) The Congress dominated the Assembly occupying 1. The Constituent Assembly had ten major as many as 82% of the seats in the Assembly after Committees on different subjects. the partition. 2. Usually Nehru, Rajendra Prasad or BR Ambedkar j Ans. (d) chaired these Committees. Exp. Statement (d) is correct regarding the Which of the statement(s) given above is/are representation in the Constituent Assembly as the correct? assembly that came into being was dominated by one (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 party- the Congress occupying as many as 82% of the (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 seats in the Assembly after the partition. The Congress j Ans. (b) itself was such a diverse party that it managed to accommodate almost all shades of opinion within it. Exp. Statement (2) is correct with respect to the committees of Constituent Assembly. Statements (a), (b) and (c) are incorrect because the members of the Assembly were not elected by universal Usually Rajendra Prasad, Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar suffrage. There was a serious attempt to make the Patel or BR Ambedkar chaired these committees. Assembly a representative body. Members of all They all worked together in order to reach consensus so religions were given representation. The Assembly had that provisions agreed to by all would not be 28 members from the Scheduled Castes. detrimental to any particular interests. Statement (1) is incorrect because the Constituent 13. Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason Assembly had eight major committees on different (R) and choose the correct code. subjects. Some of them were Drafting Committee, (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) Union Power Committee, etc. Assertion (A) The members of the Constituent 15. Consider the following statements. Assembly placed a great emphasis on discussion (Chap 2, Class-IX, New NCERT) and reasoned argument. 1. HC Mukherjee was the member of the Drafting Reason (R) They did not simply advance their own Committee. interests, but gave principled reasons to other 2. Jaipal Singh was the member of Constituent members for their positions. Assembly. Codes Which of the statement(s) given above is/are (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct correct? explanation of A. (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 explanation of A. (c) A is true, but R is false. j Ans. (b) (d) A is false, but R is true. Exp. Only statement (2) is correct because Jaipal Singh was the member of Constituent Assembly. He was a j Ans. (a) sportsperson as well as educationist. He was also the Exp. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Founder President of Adivasi Maha Sabha. Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). Statement (1) is incorrect because HC Mukherjee was The members of the Constituent Assembly were the Vice Chairman of the Constituent Assembly. He was eloquent in expressing their divergent points of views also the member of All India Christian Council and and laid great emphasis on discussion and reasoned Bengal Legislative assembly. Later, he became the argument. Governor of West Bengal.  NCERT MCQs Making of the Indian Constitution 12 16. Match the following lists and choose the correct 2. As per this resolution, the minorities, backward code. (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) and tribal areas, depressed and Other Backward Classes shall be provided adequate safeguards. List I (Minister in First List II 3. According to this resolution, territories forming Interim Government) (Portfolio) the Union shall be unitary units. A. Vallabhbhai Patel 1. Finance Minister Which of the statement(s) given above is/are B. C. Rajagopalachari 2. Defence Minister incorrect? (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 C. John Mathai 3. Information and Broadcasting Minister (c) 1 and 3 (d) Only 3 D. Baldev Singh 4. Education Minister j Ans. (d) Exp. Only statement (3) is incorrect regarding Codes Objective Resolution because as per the Objective A B C D A B C D Resolution moved by Nehru in 1946, India shall be a (a) 3 1 2 4 (b) 3 4 1 2 Union of erstwhile British Indian territories. But the (c) 3 1 4 2 (d) 3 2 1 4 territories forming the Union shall be autonomous units and exercise all powers and functions of the j Ans. (b) government and administration, except those Exp. The correct match is A-3, B-4, C-1 and D-2. assigned or vested in the Union. It also provides that Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel He was Minister of Home, all powers and authority of sovereign and Information and Broadcasting in the Interim government. independent India shall flow from the people. Later, he became the Deputy Prime Minister of India. He played a decisive role in the integration of the Indian 19. Consider the following Assertion (A) and princely states. Reason (R) and choose the correct code. C. Rajagopalachari He was the Education Minister in the (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) first Union Cabinet. He was a Congress leader. Assertion (A) The Constituent Assembly adopted John Mathai He was the Finance Minister in the Interim for the Parliamentary form of government. government. Reason (R) The Constituent Assembly spent a lot Baldev Singh He was the first Defence Minister in the of time on evolving the right balance among the Union Cabinet of India. He was a successful entrepreneur various institutions like the Executive, the and leader of the Panthic Akali Party in Punjab. Legislature and the Judiciary. 17. Which of the following encapsulated the Codes aspirations and values behind the Constitution? (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct (Chap 1, Class-VII, Old NCERT) explanation of A. (a) August Offer (b) Cripps Proposal (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct (c) Objectives Resolution (d) Cabinet Mission explanation of A. j Ans. (c) (c) A is true, but R is false. Exp. Objectives Resolution encapsulated the aspirations (d) A is false, but R is true. and values behind the Constitution. The Objectives j Ans. (a) Resolution, was introduced by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1946 Exp. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and and these resolutions were the aspirations of people who Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). were making the Constitution. Further, these resolutions The Constituent Assembly spent a lot of time on were adopted by the assembly on 22nd January, 1947. evolving the right balance of powers among different 18. Consider the following statements regarding the institutions like Executive, Legislature and Judiciary. Objective Resolution. (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) This led to the adoption of parliamentary form of government. It adopted federal arrangement that 1. Based on this resolution, our Constitution gave distributed governmental powers between Legislature institutional expression to equality, liberty, and the Executive as well as among Centre and the democracy, sovereignty and cosmopolitan identity. States.  03 Salient Features of Indian Constitution and Preamble Old NCERT Class VII (What our Ideals Are : The Preamble), New NCERT Class VII (Chief Features of Our Constitution), New NCERT Class VIII (Indian Constitution), Old NCERT Class IX & X (The Constitution of India and its Salient Features), New NCERT Class XI (Constitution : Why and How?), Old NCERT Class XI (Preamble, Its Main Features and Indian Union) Salient Features of Indian 2. Consider the following statements. Constitution (Chap 3, Class-XI, Old NCERT) 1. The membership of the Commonwealth of Nations 1. Consider the following statements. limits the sovereignty of India. (Chap 4, Class-IX & X, Old NCERT) 2. Commonwealth of Nations is a voluntary association 1. A Constitution is considered as the source of of independent sovereign states. power and authority of the government. Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct? 2. It provides for three branches of government (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 i.e. Executive, Legislature and Judiciary. (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 3. Judiciary controls all the organs of j Ans. (b) government. Exp. Only statement (2) is correct as the Commonwealth of Which of the statement(s) given above is/are Nations is purely a voluntary association of independent incorrect? sovereign states. (a) Only 1 Statement (1) is incorrect as the membership of (b) 1 and 2 Commonwealth of Nations does not limit the sovereignty of (c) Only 3 India because sovereignty does not mean limitation rather it (d) 1, 2 and 3 implies that people of India are not subordinate to any other external agency. j Ans. (c) Exp. Statement (3) is incorrect because each branch 3. Which of the following are the unique features of the is separate and independent from the other. Indian Constitution? (Chap 3, Class-XI, Old NCERT) However, these branches are designed to hold 1. Framed by representatives of the people of India checks and balances over one another. 2. Derived from the various sources Hence, Judiciary does not control all the organs of 3. Republican polity government. 4. Sovereignty of the people  NCERT MCQs Salient Features of Indian Constitution and Preamble 14 Codes 5. Consider the following statements. (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4 (Chap 1, Class-VIII, New NCERT) (c) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 3 and 4 1. The Constitution of India guarantees Universal j Ans. (c) Adult Suffrage for all citizens. Exp. All the given statements are the unique features of 2. Under this system, every Indian citizen who has the Indian Constitution. Some of the other unique completed the age of 18 years has the right to vote features of the Indian Constitution are as follows and participate in choosing the governments at Derived from the various sources i.e., different levels. US Constitution, UK Constitution, German Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct? Constitution (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 Secular polity (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Fundamental rights and fundamental duties Directive Principles of State Policy j Ans. (c) Universal Adult Franchise Exp. Both the statements (1) and (2) are correct. Judicial review The Constitution of India guarantees Universal Adult Unique blend of rigidity and flexibility Suffrage for all citizens. Recognition of Hindi as an official language Under this system, every Indian citizen who has completed the age of 18 years has the right to vote 4. Match the following lists and choose the correct and participate in choosing the governments at different code. (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) (IAS Pre 2003) levels, regardless of income, property, religion, race, social status, political status, etc. are restrictions, only List I (Items of Indian List II (Country from subjected to minor exceptions. Constitution) which it was derived) A. Directive Principles of State 1. Australia 6. Consider the following statements. Policy (Chap 1, Class-VII, New NCERT) B. Fundamental Rights 2. Canada 1. The Indian Constitution recognises every person C. Concurrent list for Union- 3. Ireland as equal. State relations 2. As per Constitution, every person is equal before D. India as a Union of states with 4. United Kingdom the law. greater powers to the Union Which of the statement(s) given above is/are 5. United States of correct? America (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Codes j Ans. (c) A B C D (a) 5 4 1 2 Exp. Both the statements (1) and (2) are correct. (b) 3 5 2 1 The Indian Constitution recognises every person as (c) 5 4 2 1 equal. This means that every individual in the country, including male and female persons from all castes, (d) 3 5 1 2 religions, tribes, educational and economic backgrounds j Ans. (d) are recognised as equal. Exp. The correct matching is A- 3, B-5, C-1, D-2. As per the Constitution, every person is equal before Directive Principles of State Policy These have been the law. It means that every person will be treated borrowed from Ireland. equally in similar circumstances. Fundamental Rights These have been borrowed from United States of America. 7. Which of the following statement is not correct Concurrent list for Union-State relations It has been regarding the Indian Parliamentary System? (Chap 4, Class-IX & X, Old NCERT) borrowed from Australia. India as a Union of states with greater powers to the (a) In this system, the Parliament is supreme and Union It has been borrowed from Canada. represents the people. Besides these, First Past The Post System, Parliamentary (b) The administration is actually carried on by the form of government, the idea of rule of law, etc have Council of Ministers which is responsible to the been borrowed from the British Constitution. legislature.  NCERT MCQs Salient Features of Indian Constitution and Preamble 15 (c) The Central as well as State legislatures are 10. Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason bicameral. (R) and choose the correct code. (d) The government is carried on in the name of the (Chap 3, Class-XI, Old NCERT) President at the Centre and the Governor in the states. Assertion (A) The Constitution declares the j Ans. (c) Parliament of India to be the Supreme authority. Exp. Statement (c) is not correct regarding the Indian Reason (R) Prior to it, the supreme authority lays Parliamentary system because the Central government in the British Parliament. is bicameral (Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha) but all the State governments are not bicameral. Codes Only Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Maharashtra, (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Telangana and Uttar Pradesh have bicameral legislature explanation of A. i.e., both the houses consists of Vidhan Sabha and (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct Vidhan Parishad. Except these states, all the Indian explanation of A. states have unicameral legislature with only house i.e., (c) A is true, but R is false. Vidhan Sabha. (d) A is false, but R is true. 8. Which of the following statement is not correct? j Ans. (d) (Chap 4, Class-IX & X, Old NCERT) Exp. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. (a) Fundamental Rights have often been referred to as The Constitution declares the people of India to be the the ‘Conscience of the Indian Constitution.’ supreme authority i.e., they are sovereign. It means that (b) Universal adult franchise in our Constitution has the people of India are not subordinate to any other been taken from Government of India Act, 1935. external agency. (c) The Constitution recognises Hindi as the official Prior to the present Constitution, the supreme authority language of the Union. laid in the British Parliament. The Indian Independence Act, 1947 recognised the supremacy of the British (d) Our Constitution provides for the judicial review. Parliament. j Ans. (b) Exp. Statement (b) is not correct because Universal 11. Consider the following statements with respect to Adult Franchise has not been taken from the the secular feature of Indian Constitution. Government of India Act, 1935. Universal Adult (Chap 3, Class-XI, Old NCERT) Franchise was largely adopted after the independence 1. The term secular has been defined in the of India to conduct free and fair elections. Constitution. According to Government of India Act, 1935, only 14% 2. It has been used in the sense of absence of of the people had a right to vote. Thus, this Act discrimination on grounds of religion and equal provided for restricted franchise. respect for all religions. 9. Which of the following are the features of the Which of the statement(s) given above is/are Constitution of India? (Chap 3, Class-VII, Old NCERT) correct? (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 1. Dual citizenship 2. Secularism (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 3. Democracy 4. Independent Judiciary 5. Lengthiest Constitution j Ans. (b) Codes Exp. Only statement (2) is correct with respect to the secular feature of Indian Constitution. Secularism (a) 2, 3, 4 and 5 (b) 1 and 3 emphasises the fact that constitutionally, India is a (c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) All of these secular country which has no State religion. And that j Ans. (a) the state shall recognise and accept all religions, not Exp. The Indian Constitution provides for single favour or patronise any particular religion. citizenship, secularism, democracy, independent Statement (1) is incorrect because the term secular has Judiciary. It is also the lengthiest written Constitution not been defined in the Constitution. The term secular of the world. was added to the preamble by the forty-second Originally Constitution of India contained 395 Articles, Constitution Amendment Act of 1976, (India is a 22 Parts and Eight Schedules. Presently, the sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, republic). Constitution of India consists of 448 articles, 25 parts The Indian Constitution incorporates all the basic and 12 schedules. principles of secularism into various provisions.  NCERT MCQs Salient Features of Indian Constitution and Preamble 16 12. Which country became the first country to provide Codes for the feature of Fundamental Rights in its (a) Only 1 (b) 2 and 3 original Constitution? (Chap 3, Class-XI, Old NCERT) (c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 (a) USA (b) United Kingdom j Ans. (c) (c) India (d) Japan Exp. Pairs (1) and (3) are correctly matched. j Ans. (a) The Parliamentary form of government was adopted Exp. The USA was the first country to provide feature of from the British Constitution and the Independence of Fundamental Rights in its original Constitution. The first Judiciary has been adopted from the United States 10 amendments to the US Constitution were made to Constitution. add the Fundamental Rights (Bill of Rights) in 1791. Pair (2) is incorrect as the Directive Principles of State Policy have been adopted from the Irish Constitution 13. Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason not Japanese Constitution. (R) and choose the correct code. (Chap 3, Class-XI, Old NCERT) 15. Which of the following pairs of features of Assertion (A) The procedure for an amendment to Constitution and its source is incorrectly Indian Constitution is a unique blend of rigidity and matched? (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) flexibility. (a) Judicial Review – United States Reason (R) Some provisions of the Constitution can (b) Residuary Powers – Australia be amended by simple majority, others require (c) Liberty – France absolute majority of the total strength of the two (d) Rule of Law – Britain Houses of Parliament and two-thirds majority of the j Ans. (b) members present and voting. Exp. Pair (b) is incorrectly matched. Residuary Powers Codes have been adopted from the Canadian Constitution. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation Residuary Powers are such powers which are not of A. enumerated in any of the lists (i.e. Union, State or (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct Concurrent). The Union Government has the authority explanation of A. to enact legislation on residuary subjects. (c) A is true, but R is false. (d) A is false, but R is true. Preamble j Ans. (a) 16. Arrange the following words in the correct Exp. The Assertion (A) and Reason (R) both are sequence as they are mentioned in the Preamble correct and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of and choose the correct code. Assertion (A). (Chap 4, Class-IX & X, Old NCERT) (BPSC Pre 2008) The procedure for an amendment to Indian Constitution is a unique blend of rigidity and flexibility. 1. Socialist 2. Democratic Article 368 of the Indian Constitution mentions two types 3. Sovereign 4. Secular of amendments to the Indian Constitution. One type of Codes amendment is by a special majority of the Parliament (a) 3, 1, 4 and 2 (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) and the second type of the (b) 3, 4, 1 and 2 amendment is by a special majority of the Parliament with (c) 3, 4, 2 and 1 the ratification by half of the total states. (d) 4, 1, 3 and 2 14. Which of the following pairs is/are correctly j Ans. (a) matched? (Chap 1, Class-XI, New NCERT) Exp. In the context of the Preamble of the List I (Features) List II (Sources) Constitution, the correct sequence of words is Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic. 1. Parliamentary form of British Constitution Preamble aims at a social order wherein the people government would be sovereign, the government would be elected 2. Directive Principles of Japanese Constitution by people, the powers of the government shall be State Policy restricted by the rights of the people and people would 3. Independence of Judiciary Constitution of United States have ample opportunity to develop their talents.  NCERT MCQs Salient Features of Indian Constitution and Preamble 17 17. Which of the following words have been added to Reason (R) The Preamble aims at developing the Preamble by the 42nd Amendment? fraternity assuring the dignity of individuals and (Chap 3, Class-XI, Old NCERT) ( JPSC Pre 2016) the unity and integrity of the nation. 1. Socialist 2. Gram Swarajya Codes 3. Secular 4. Sovereign (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. Codes (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 3 explanation of A. (c) 1, 2 and 4 (d) 2, 3 and 4 (c) A is true, but R is false. j Ans. (b) (d) A is false, but R is true. Exp. The words ‘socialist’ and ‘secular’ have been j Ans. (a) added to the Preamble by the 42nd Amendment, 1976. The word ‘integrity’ was also added through this Exp. Both the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are amendment. It provides for common brotherhood correct and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of which leads to the unity and integrity of the nation. Assertion (A). The term ‘Fraternity’ in the Preamble means a feeling of The term ‘socialist’ indicates the incorporation of the brothe