Personal Protective Equipment for Airway PDF

The Institution of Excellence in Technical and Vocational Education and Training www.udst.edu.qa HSPA 2111 Protection and Infection Control  Infectious and Communicable Disease While all communicable diseases are infectious, not a...

The Institution of Excellence in Technical and Vocational Education and Training www.udst.edu.qa HSPA 2111 Protection and Infection Control  Infectious and Communicable Disease While all communicable diseases are infectious, not all infectious diseases are communicable Modes of transmission: Direct contact Droplet spread (pertussis, meningococcal) Indirect contact Airborne (measles) Vehicle borne (food, water, fomites) Vector borne (fleas, tics, mosquitoes) Host Resistance Host Resistance The healthier you are, the less susceptible you are to infection. Your ability to fight off infection The immune system will protect you from acquiring disease even though all other risk factors may be present. Wellness programs and vaccine/immunization programs serve to boost host resistance. Prevention is Key! Government health departments are responsible for many strategies related to the prevention of infectious diseases, including: o Monitoring and reporting o Performing contact tracing and follow up with at risk and exposed individuals. o Running immunization clinics o Setting public health guidelines and policy, such mask wearing, gathering restrictions, travel restrictions and isolation/quarantine requirements. o Health promotion Terms Incubation period Time from exposure to first symptoms will vary from disease to disease Communicable period Period during which a person can transmit the illness to someone else May begin prior to the onset of signs and symptoms Contamination An object that has organisms on or in it Applies to water, food, dressing materials, linens, sharps, equipment, and even the ambulance Terms Infection Invasion of the body by harmful microorganisms Carriers Infected individuals with no symptoms who are able to pass the disease on to others Reservoir Place where organisms live and multiply Reservoirs include humans, animals, and the environment. Air-conditioning systems and showerheads (Legionnaires’ disease) The oxygen humidifier in ambulances is often implicated as a reservoir for infection. Routine Practices A set of infection control strategies and standards designed to protect workers from exposure to potential sources of infectious diseases. Merge aspects of universal precautions 1. Hand hygiene and BSI. 2. PPE They are based on the premise that all 3. Sharps safety blood, body fluids, secretions, 4. Patient accommodation and excretions, mucous membranes, non- transport considerations intact skin or soiled items are potentially infectious. 5. Routine equipment cleaning 6. Routine vehicle cleaning and disinfection Routine Practices Hand Hygiene - Hand washing to wash your hands? Hand washing with soap and water is the single most important procedure for preventing infection. If soap and water is not available, an alcohol-based (70-90%) hand sanitizer can be used. (C Diff.) Good hand washing techniques includes using an adequate amount of soap, rubbing the hands together to create friction for at least 20 seconds, and rinsing under running water. Wearing gloves is not a substitute for hand washing, and hand washing is often required before and after wearing gloves. Routine Practices Personal Protective Equipment Routine Practices Risk Assessment What task am I going to perform? What is the risk of exposure to: Blood and body fluids including respiratory secretions? Non-intact skin? Mucous membranes? Body tissues? Contaminated equipment? How competent/experienced am I in performing this task? Will the patient be cooperative while I perform the task?  Use for all patients Hand Hygiene Gloves Body fluids (blood, vomit, urine, feces) Hand Hygiene Gloves Gown Goggles Airway Management Hand Hygiene Gloves Gown* Goggles  Pertussis Influenza A & B MRSA Meningitis RSV (droplet and contact) Mumps Rubella  MRSA VRE Diarrhea C-Difficile Rotavirus RSV (contact and droplet) Lice Scabies  Chicken Pox Shingles Measles Tuberculosis SARS Avian Influenza Donning and Doffing PPE Cleaning Between Patients  Steps for Donning & Doffing PPE Donning Doffing 1. Hand hygiene 1. Gloves 2. Gown 2. Gown 3. Mask 3. Hand hygiene 4. Eye protection 4. Eye protection 5. Gloves 5. Mask 6. Hand hygiene