Filipino Martial Arts Study Guide PDF

**THE FILIPINO MARTIAL ARTS** -**R.A 9850 -** Arnis is the official national sport, sponsored by the current President of Philippine Eskrima Kali Arnis Federation and the former Senate President Juan Manuel Migz Zubiri. -Known as "Kali" or "Eskrima" -FMA (Filipino Martial Arts) \- Arnis is a **c...

**THE FILIPINO MARTIAL ARTS** -**R.A 9850 -** Arnis is the official national sport, sponsored by the current President of Philippine Eskrima Kali Arnis Federation and the former Senate President Juan Manuel Migz Zubiri. -Known as "Kali" or "Eskrima" -FMA (Filipino Martial Arts) \- Arnis is a **combat sport** to defend oneself -The origin of Arnis can be traced back to native **\"Pintados\",** though the current form has Spanish influence from old fencing which originated in Spain in the 15th century. -Spanish discouraged the practice of Arnis as they got threatened and fearful of the Filipinos exceptional skill. They ban the practice of the art -19^th^ century, Arnis began to surface again. Through introduction of **Moro moro plays** **ETYMOLOGY** **-"Arnis"** originated from the old Spanish, **arnés**, meant **"armor"** -"Eskrima" from the Spanish word, esgrima for fencing. -"Kali" from pre-Hispanic Filipino term "Kalis" meaning blades and fencing -The name KALI was created by Mirafuente in 1948 (other term: kalirongan, kaliradman, pagkalikali) **OTHER TERMS USED TO REFER ARNIS/ESKRIMA STICKS: (Olisi, Baston, Garote, Yantok, Oway (cane, Dulo-dulo/Saguidas** -Rattan -- stem is hard and durable yet lightweight -Kamagong/Mabolo -- hard and weight -Bahi -- weight and density **EDGE WEAPONS --** Knife, Baraw (dagger), Bolo, Pinuti, Sundang or Itak, Barong, Bangkaw (spear), Dinahong palay, Kris or Kalis, Kampilan and among others. **EMPTY HANDED -- Suntukan/pangamot** **LapuLapu -** foremost masters of arnis Dr. Jose Rizal, Andrea Rollo found out that his arnis master was Santiago \"Tiago\" Toledo, the legendary Arnisador of Pangasinan **Tapado --** "tapat" or "tapos" -- finished the job in one strike **Arnis two subjects:** Weapon and Bare hand or mano-mano **Arnis System or Style are:** Arnis de Abanico Corto Linear Corto Corvada Larga Mano **SPORTS ORG** 1. National Arnis Association of the Philippines **(NARAPHIL)** founded by Gen. Fabian C. Ver-1975 2. World Eskrima Kali Federation **(WEKAF)** 1989-SGM Dionisio Canete 3. Arnis Philippines System **(ARPI)** 1986 **EQUIPMENTS** 1. Impact Weapon - Sticks that are made of the following Baston, Rattan, padded sticks, Kamagong, Bahi 2. Edged Weapons - Knife, dagger, spear, etc. are edged weapons used 3. Head Gear - It is covered with high-grade leatherette, protection from head strikes 4. Body Armor -- upper body protection 5. Leg Guard -- protect both thigh and shin area 6. Groin -- padding for the lower abdomen 7. Hand Gloves -- protection from strikes as the stick is held in hand 8. Arnis Clothing -- made from twill fabric, uniform 9. Rubber Mats -- made for competition & training by different martial arts **CATEGORIES AND GAMEPLAY** 1. Sparring -- way to develop your skills and your partner 2. Likha Anyo -- application of the art by showcasing the strikes and stances into performing arts **KNOWN CEBUANO GRANDMASTERS** 1\. Supreme Grandmaster Dionisio Cañete 2\. Grandmaster Filemon Momoy Cañete 3\. GM Venancio Anciong Bacon 4\. SGM Ciriaco Cacoy Cañete 5\. GM Nicomeded Nick Eliazar 6\. GM Bobby Taboada 7\. GM Vicente Inting Carin 8\. GM Timoteo Maranga 9\. GM Filemon Caburnay **ARNIS: MARTIAL ARTS** -The Philippines\' National Sport and Martial Art **HISTORY OF ARNIS** -developed by the indigenous populations of the Philippines -**1521** equipped with nothing more than bladed weapons , Filipino islanders defeated Ferdinand Magellan's armored, musket-bearing Spanish conquistador forces when they tried to invade. **-Religious play- \"moro- moro"** -Arnis was declared the as the **Philippine National Martial Art** and Sport on **December 11, 2009** through **Republic Act 9850** signed by **Pres. Gloria Macapagal- Arroyo.** -its existence faded post the Philippine Revolution in 1986. -The first national organization for Arnis is the National Arnis Association of the Philippines (NARAPHIL) which was founded in 1975 by Gen. Fabian C. Ver. **TWO MAJOR TYPES OF ARNIS PRACTICED AS ASPORT ARE THE SYSTEM** -**WEKAF** (World Eskrima Kali Arnis Federation) which was established in 1989 and is recognized internationally -ARPI (Arnis Philippines) established in 1986, during the 2005 Southeast Asian Games **WEKAF** -- the most common system of art which is used internationally -established in 1989 **ARPI** - was established before the WEKAF system (in 1986) -similar to fencing **CULTURE AND TRADITIONS** -arnisador (male athletes) and arnisadora (female athletes) -Three related methods: "espada y daga" (sword and dagger), "solo baston" (single stick); and "sinawali" (to weave) -"weaving" fashion for blocking and striking (term is derived from sawali, the bamboo matting woven in the Philippines). **MODERN ARNIS** -Founded by Remy Presas -goal was to create an **injury free training method** as well as an **effective self- defense** system in order to preserve the older Arnis systems. -The term Modern Arnis was used by Remy Presas\' younger brother Ernesto Presas to describe his style of Filipino martial arts -since **1999** Ernesto called his system as **KOMBATAN**. **HOW IT WORKS: COMPETITIVE ARNIS** -**Performance based Anyo** model or the combative laban. -Laban form tests participants' agility and reactions **FLAGS** -Two sets of **red and blue flags**, used by the judges in declaring decisions or asking for consultations -One **yellow flag**, use to signal the start and the end of each round and to declare a time-out. **FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS IN ARNIS** GRIP: PROPER HOLD OF STICK - Hold the stick one fist away from the **punyo** (butt) of the stick. **ARNIS: MARTIAL ART** HANDA: Feet are positioned shoulder width apart. Stick is held in front of the body. PUGAY: Place the weapon hand across the chest. Bow by bending at the stick. HANDA SA PAGLABAN (FIGHTING STANCE): One foot in front, the other foot on the rear. Keep feet apart, distance of one foot. **7 BASIC STANCES IN ARNIS** 1\. READY STANCE -- The most common used stance. Used before you start engaging with the opponent. -In this stance you need to stand with your toes pointing forward. Feet apart. Knees straight and whole body facing forward. Hand on the wait level either holding two or one batons. 2\. ATTENTION STANCE -- Feet forming 45 degrees. Heels close to each other. Use for courtesy in preparation for a fight at the beginning before sparring 3\. FORWARD STANCE -- Start from ready stance, move one foot to the front. Usually used in striking or blocking techniques. 4\. OBLIQUE STANCE - Start from ready stance, you will move one foot in 45 degrees angle until the toes and knees are in line with each other. Foot is moved forward away from the body. Moving foot called the lead foot. 5\. STRADDLE STANCE - Start from ready stance, then move either left of right for distance of 2 feet. This is done until both lower legs are now perpendicular to the ground. 6\. SIDE STANCE -- Very close to straddle stance. From ready stance, move your feet either right or left. However, the moving foot will be kept perpendicular to the ground while the other leg would be extended. 7\. BACK STANCE -- Foot is moved to the back. From ready stance then extend foot to the back in a 45 degrees angle away from the body. The heels should form and imaginary "L" shape. Weight should be equally distributed on both legs. **TWELVE STRIKING TECHNIQUES IN ARNIS** Hitting vital points of the body as targets by means of slashing, stabbing and thrusting actions; all techniques are performed with a fighting stance.    **ARNIS TERMINOLOGIES** Dagger -- daga Machete -- bolo Poke -- tusok Respect -- pugay Stab/thrust -- saksak Stick (Single) -- solo baston Stick (Double) -- double baston Stick Weapon -- Yantok Sword -- espada Sword and Dagger -espada y daga Unarmed combat -- mano y mano Weaving (Weapon movement) - sinawali