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Questions and Answers
What does the term 'Kali' refer to in Filipino martial arts?
Which century saw the first significant resurgence of Arnis?
Which organization was established in 1975 to promote Arnis in the Philippines?
What is the significance of the term 'Tapado' in Arnis?
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What materials are commonly used for impact weapons in Arnis?
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In Arnis, what does the term 'mano-mano' refer to?
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Who was the legendary Arnisador of Pangasinan?
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What is the primary function of headgear in Arnis?
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What term was used by Ernesto Presas to describe his style of Filipino martial arts after 1999?
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Which flag is used to signal the start and end of each round in Arnis competitions?
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What is the proper grip position for holding the stick in Arnis?
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Which stance in Arnis is characterized by feet positioned shoulder width apart with the stick held in front of the body?
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During which stance do the feet form a 45-degree angle with the heels close to each other?
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In the Straddle Stance, how far should the feet be moved from the ready stance?
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Which stance requires moving a foot backward at a 45-degree angle until an imaginary 'L' shape is formed with the heels?
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What does the Laban form test in participants during an Arnis competition?
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What is the primary goal of the Modern Arnis system founded by Remy Presas?
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Which two major types of Arnis systems are practiced as a sport?
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What significance does December 11, 2009, hold in relation to Arnis?
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What is meant by 'sinawali' in the context of Arnis?
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Who was the first national organization for Arnis in the Philippines?
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Which of the following is an example of protective gear used in Arnis?
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What historical event helped showcase the effectiveness of the indigenous Filipino fighters?
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What type of fabric is traditionally used to make Arnis clothing?
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Study Notes
Filipino Martial Arts (FMA)
- Arnis is a combat sport originating from the Philippines. It is known as "Kali" or "Eskrima".
- Arnis is the national sport of the Philippines.
- The name "Arnis" comes from the Spanish word "arnés" meaning "armor".
- "Eskrima" comes from the Spanish word "esgrima" for fencing.
- "Kali" comes from the pre-Hispanic Filipino term "Kalis" meaning blades and fencing.
- The Philippines is home to a variety of edged weapons used in Arnis.
- Dr. Jose Rizal, a prominent Filipino nationalist and writer, trained in Arnis.
History of Arnis
- Arnis was developed by indigenous populations of the Philippines.
- In 1521, Filipino islanders, armed with bladed weapons, defeated Ferdinand Magellan's Spanish conquistador forces.
- Arnis was declared the Philippine National Martial Art and Sport on December 11, 2009, through Republic Act 9850.
- The existence of Arnis faded after the Philippine Revolution in 1986.
- Two major types of Arnis are practiced as a sport: WEKAF and ARPI.
WEKAF
- WEKAF stands for World Eskrima Kali Arnis Federation.
- Recognized internationally.
- Established in 1989.
ARPI
- ARPI stands for Arnis Philippines.
- Established in 1986.
- Similar to fencing.
Culture and Traditions
- Arnisador is the term for male athletes, and Arnisadora for female athletes.
- Three common methods of Arnis: "espada y daga" (sword and dagger), "solo baston" (single stick); and "sinawali" (to weave).
- "Weaving" is a technique for blocking and striking derived from sawali, the bamboo matting woven in the Philippines.
Modern Arnis
- Developed by Remy Presas.
- Emphasizes injury-free training methods and effective self-defense techniques.
- Ernesto Presas, Remy Presas's brother, called his system "Kombitan" in 1999.
Competitive Arnis
- Performances are based on the "Anyo" model or the combative "laban"
- Laban tests the participants' agility and reaction time.
Fundamental Skills in Arnis
- Grip: Proper hold of stick - Hold the stick one fist away from the punyo (butt) of the stick.
- Handa: Feet are positioned shoulder width apart. Stick is held in front of the body.
- Pugay: Place the weapon hand across the chest. Bow by bending at the stick.
- Handa sa Paglaban (Fighting Stance): One foot in front, the other foot on the rear. Keep feet apart, distance of one foot.
7 Basic Stances in Arnis
- Ready Stance: The most common stance used. Feet are pointed forward and shoulder width apart. Knees are straight with the hands on the waist.
- Attention Stance: Feet form a 45-degree angle with heals close together. Used as a courtesy before sparring.
- Forward Stance: One foot is moved forward from the ready stance. Used in striking and blocking techniques.
- Oblique Stance: From the ready stance, one foot is moved forward in a 45-degree angle.
- Straddle Stance: From the ready stance, one foot is moved either right or left in a 2-foot distance.
- Side Stance: Similar to the straddle stance, but one foot is perpendicular to the ground, while the other is extended.
- Back Stance: One foot is moved back from the ready stance in a 45-degree angle.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of Arnis, the national martial art of the Philippines. Learn about its history, techniques, and cultural significance. Delve into the origins of its names and the importance of edged weapons in this unique combat sport.
