PCOL II_ ANTIHELMINTHIC DRUGS.pdf

PHARMACOLOGY II 1ST SEMESTER I FINALS Central Philippine University – College of Pharmacy TRANSCRIBED BY: DELA CRUZ, C. BSPHAR3-B ANTIHELMINTHIC DRU...

PHARMACOLOGY II 1ST SEMESTER I FINALS Central Philippine University – College of Pharmacy TRANSCRIBED BY: DELA CRUZ, C. BSPHAR3-B ANTIHELMINTHIC DRUGS THIABENDAZOLE (Microtubule inhibitors) INDICATION: Trichinosis (DOC) Strongyloidiasis (backup) SIDE EFFECTS: 1. Gl Irritation 2. Headache 3. Dizziness DRUGS ACTIVE AGAINST NEMATODES 4. Drowsiness 5. Leukopena ALBENDAZOLE 6. Hematuria 7. Hypersensitivity reactions (SIS) (Microtubule inhibitors) 8. Hepatotoxicity [intrahepatic cholestasis, liver failure) Notes INDICATION: NOTES: Ascariasis Hookworm Reactions caused by dying parasites Pinworm Hydatid disease (drug of choice) DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE Whipworm infections INDICATION: Cutaneous & Visceral Larva migrans, Cysticercosis (larval stages of T. solium), Filariasis (DOC) Angiostrongylus cantonensis Eye worm disease (DOC) Capillarie philippinensis Onchocerciasis (backup) SIDE EFFECTS: SIDE EFFECT: 1. Reversible leukopenia 1. Headache 2. Alopecia 2. Malaise 3. Elevation of liver function tests 3. Weakness 4. Bone marrow suppression 4. Anorexia 5. Filarial fever (fever, rashes, ocular damage, joint and NOTES: muscle pain, lymphangitis Improved penetration (>Praziquantel of the NOTES: subarachnoid space in Neurocysticercosis Should not be given to patients with Cirrhosis May cause Mazzotti reaction when used for onchocerciasis MEBENDAZOLE DOXYCYCLINE has also shown significant activity (Microtubule Inhibitors) against W bancrofti INDICATION: IVERMECTIN Whipworm infections (DOC) INDICATION: Trichinosis Strongyloidiasis (DOC) Visceral larval migrans(backup) Onchoceriasis Ascariasis Cutaneouslarva migrans Pinworm Filariasis (back up) SIDE EFFECTS: SIDE EFFECTS: 1. GI Irritation 1. Mazzoti reaction (fever, headache, dizziness, raste 2. Agrunolocytosis pruritustachycardia, hypotension, pain in joints, 3. Alopecia muscles and lymph glands) 4. Elevated liver enzymes 2. Corneal opacities 1|Page  PHARMACOLOGY II 1ST SEMESTER I FINALS Central Philippine University – College of Pharmacy TRANSCRIBED BY: DELA CRUZ, C. BSPHAR3-B NOTES: NICLOSAMIDE Contraindicated in pregnancy and children 5y/o Avoid MOA: concomitant use of Ivermectin with other drugs that enhance GABA activity (Barbiturates BZDs etc.) Uncouples oxidative phosphorylation or by activating ATPases. PYRANTEL PAMOATE INDICATION: INDICATION: Alternative drug for cestode infections (Taenia, Ascaris Diphyllobothrium Hymenolepsis, Dipylidium, Hookworm and Finworm infections (DOC), Fasciolopsis, Heterophyes). Trichostrongylus sp. SIDE EFFECTS: SIDE EFFECTS: 1. Gastrointestinal distress 1. GI Distress 2. Headache 2. Headache 3. Rash 3. Weakness 4. Fever NOTES: NOTES: Contraindicated in patients with hepatic dysfunction Kills scolices and cestode segments but has no effect on ova DRUGS ACTIVE AGAINST TREMATODES Avoid ethanol consumption for 48h upon drug administration. PRAZIQUANTREL MOA: Increases membrane permeability to calcium >> paralysis Causes muscle paralysis, vacuolization and death INDICATION: DOC for trematodes (Schistosoma, Paragonimus, Clonorchis Opisthorchis, Fasciolopsis, Heterophyes) SIDE EFFECTS: 1. Headache 2. Dizziness 3. Nausea 4. Malaise drowsiness 5. GI upset 6. Arthralgia 7. Myalgia pruritus 8. Skin rash NOTES: Contraindicated in ocular cysticercosis (may case (reparable eye damage Used with corticosteroids is treating neurocysticercosis May be used as an adjunct to Albendazole in Hydatid disease. 2|Page